Sports Spine Specialist Chiropractic Team: Athletes strive to achieve their body’s maximum performance by participating in numerous training regimens consisting of strenuous exercises and physical activity and ensuring they meet all of their body’s nutritional requirements. Through proper fitness and nutrition, many individuals can condition themselves to excel in their specific sport. Our training programs are designed for athletes that look to gain a competitive edge in their sport.
We provide sport-specific services to help increase an athlete’s performance through mobility, strength, and endurance. Occasionally, however, the excess workouts can lead many to suffer injuries or develop underlying conditions. Dr. Alex Jimenez’s chronicle of articles for athletes displays in detail the many forms of complications affecting these professionals while focusing on the possible solutions and treatments to follow to achieve overall well-being.
For individuals looking to improve sleep, could weight training be the answer to increase healthy sleep?
Weight Resistance Training
Researchers found that resistance weight training improves sleep quality, among other methods like diet and sleep hygiene practices. Resistance training may improve sleep by reducing anxiety and stress, benefiting heart health, and promoting muscle recovery. Researchers examined non-medication methods of improving sleep in younger and middle-aged adults, comparing exercise, diet, and sleep hygiene practices. The findings showed that for adults under 65, resistance training is the best non-pharmacological way to improve sleep quality. (Hirohama, K. et al., 2024) These findings reinforce that sleep and exercise lead to improved restful sleep. Resistance training is highly effective compared to aerobic exercise (running or cycling) in improving sleep quality. The research shows that resistance exercise has more profound benefits than aerobic training alone.
Resistance Training and Improved Sleep
Resistance training, also called strength training or weight training, is intended to build muscle and strength using resistance. This can include:
Your body weight
Resistance bands
Free weights
Weight-lifting machines
The mechanisms by which exercise alters sleep are unknown. However, the researchers point out that weight training may improve sleep by improving mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. (Cunningham J. E. A., & Shapiro C. M. 2018) (Carbone E. A. et al., 2023) Other research on resistance training and sleep found that resistance training helped decrease anxiety and stress. (Alley J. R. et al., 2015) Resistance training can benefit heart health as it increases blood circulation. This means the heart’s vessels don’t have to work as hard during sleep when blood pressure should naturally drop, which is known as nocturnal dipping, which is great for individuals with high blood pressure.
Another reason this training may help with sleep is its impact on the body. Previous research on resistance training and sleep suggests that since weight training stresses muscle tissue, it could signal the brain that sleep is needed to repair the damage (Iowa State University, 2022). The hormone adenosine, which helps promote sleep, is a key factor in why exercise increases adenosine levels and helps the body doze off. (Roig M. et al., 2022)
How Much Resistance Training Is Needed?
Sleep doctors advise patients to perform some form of daily movement or exercise to improve sleep. The amount of resistance training an individual needs depends on their circumstances, such as underlying conditions, injuries, fitness level, physical ability, and time.
The guidelines for physical activity from the Department of Health and Human Services recommend adults do a muscle-strengthening activity at least two days each week in addition to at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity.
The meta-analysis research found that a 55-minute resistance training session consisting of three sets of 10 to 12 exercises done three times a week positively affected sleep quality.
They added that higher intensity and frequency of training could have a greater effect on sleep.
In other research on exercise and sleep, study participants were grouped into resistance training, aerobic, and combination workouts – both resistance and aerobic exercise. Each group engaged in 60-minute training sessions three times a week, with the combination group doing 30 minutes of resistance training and 30 minutes of aerobic exercise each session. (Iowa State University, 2022) Resistance training increased sleep by an average of 40 minutes compared to about 23 minutes for those who did an hour of aerobic exercise. A combination of aerobic and resistance increased sleep by about 17 minutes. (American Heart Association, 2022)
Previous research on resistance training and sleep found that exercise at any time can improve sleep quality compared with no strength training. However, evening sessions tend to help individuals sleep a little better. (Alley J. R. et al., 2015) Resistance exercise may offer benefits regarding the ability to fall asleep and stay asleep for those with osteoporosis, sarcopenia, anxiety, or depression.
Strength Workouts
Resistance training that targets all the major muscle groups is the goal. The Iowa State University research had participants use 12 resistance machines to perform exercises, including:
Leg presses
Chest presses
Lat pulldowns
Bicep curls
Abdominal crunches
Participants performed three sets of eight to 12 reps at 50% to 80% of their one-rep max. (Iowa State University, 2022)
One of the studies had participants work out for 30 minutes using nine different resistance machines, completing three sets of 10 reps. (Alley J. R. et al., 2015)
However, individuals can also use dumbbells such as bicep curls or chest presses, barbells for deadlifts or back squats, resistance bands for lateral shoulder raises or leg extensions, or their body weight for movements such as chin-ups or push-ups.
Other Ways to Improve Sleep Without Meds
Other non-drug methods to improve sleep include a healthy diet, proper hydration, dietary changes, and stress management like meditation. Aerobic exercise is known to improve both sleep quantity and quality. (Kovacevic A. et al., 2018) Lifestyle behaviors outside exercise are also important for sleep. Sleep hygiene refers to having healthy sleep habits and behaviors at night. This includes optimizing pre-bedtime routines to prepare the mind and body for sleep and improving bedroom environments to ensure sleep support, meaning it is cool, dark, quiet, and free from distractions like phones. Another important method of improving sleep is listening to your body and not forcing yourself to stay up late when exhausted. Pushing the brain and body to stay up later leads to chronic sleep debt. Eating sugary and high-fat foods before bed can hinder sleep patterns. Drinking caffeine after dinner or close to bedtime can disrupt the sleep cycle, as well as alcohol consumption before bed can hurt sleep quality.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Individuals need rest time to adjust to working out, so consult a doctor on the balance of rest and training. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.
Weight Loss Techniques
References
Hirohama, K., Imura, T., Hori, T., Deguchi, N., Mitsutake, T., & Tanaka, R. (2024). The effects of nonpharmacological sleep hygiene on sleep quality in nonelderly individuals: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PloS one, 19(6), e0301616. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301616
Cunningham, J. E. A., & Shapiro, C. M. (2018). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) to treat depression: A systematic review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 106, 1–12. doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.12.012
Carbone, E. A., Menculini, G., de Filippis, R., D’Angelo, M., De Fazio, P., Tortorella, A., & Steardo, L., Jr (2023). Sleep Disturbances in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The Role of Calcium Homeostasis Imbalance. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(5), 4431. doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054431
Alley, J. R., Mazzochi, J. W., Smith, C. J., Morris, D. M., & Collier, S. R. (2015). Effects of resistance exercise timing on sleep architecture and nocturnal blood pressure. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 29(5), 1378–1385. doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000750
Roig, M., Cristini, J., Parwanta, Z., Ayotte, B., Rodrigues, L., de Las Heras, B., Nepveu, J. F., Huber, R., Carrier, J., Steib, S., Youngstedt, S. D., & Wright, D. L. (2022). Exercising the Sleepy-ing Brain: Exercise, Sleep, and Sleep Loss on Memory. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 50(1), 38–48. doi.org/10.1249/JES.0000000000000273
Kovacevic, A., Mavros, Y., Heisz, J. J., & Fiatarone Singh, M. A. (2018). The effect of resistance exercise on sleep: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Sleep medicine reviews, 39, 52–68. doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.07.002
Can a push-pull workout routine be an option for individuals who want focused training on specific muscle groups and balanced muscle development throughout the body?
Push-Pull Strength Training
A “push-pull” workout is a training style in which you split your exercise routine into separate days dedicated to “push” exercises (targeting muscles like the chest, shoulders, and triceps) and “pull” exercises (targeting muscles like the back and biceps). This allows focused training on each muscle group by isolating their primary movement patterns—pushing away from the body or pulling towards it. The workout often accompanies a separate leg day to complete the full-body workout. This routine comes from bodybuilding. Bodybuilders use this method to maximize their workouts and rest periods. By splitting their workouts into push exercises one day and pull exercises another, they can work out more often without overtraining. (Castanheira R. P. M. et al., 2017)
Upper Body Push Exercises
These exercises involve all the movements that push the weights away from your body. These exercises typically focus on the quads, outer thighs, chest, shoulders, and triceps. (Collins P. 2009)
Pushups
Push-ups are a versatile bodyweight exercise that engages multiple muscle groups, including the chest, shoulders, triceps, and core.
Chest Presses
Chest presses are exercises that target the pectoral muscles (chest muscles).
They can be performed with various equipment and techniques, providing a comprehensive workout for the chest.
Chest Flies
Chest flies are a weightlifting exercise that targets the pectoral muscles (chest muscles).
They are performed by lying on a bench and extending the arms outward with weights in each hand.
The weights are then lowered in an arc motion until they are slightly below chest level before being raised back to the starting position.
Overhead Presses
An overhead press is a weight-training exercise that involves pushing a weight above your head.
Also known as a shoulder, military, or strict press.
Lateral Raises
Lateral raises are an isolation exercise that targets the lateral deltoid muscle on the shoulder’s side.
They raise the arms laterally (out to the sides) while slightly bending at the elbows.
Bent Arm Lateral Raises
A bent-over lateral raise is a weightlifting exercise that strengthens the rear deltoids, the muscles on the back of the shoulders.
It also works other upper and lower body muscles, including the trapezius, rhomboids, triceps, hamstrings, and lower back.
Front Raises
Front raises are a weight training exercise that targets the shoulder muscles.
They can also help build strength and stability in the upper body.
Dips
Dips are an upper-body exercise that uses your body weight to strengthen your triceps and chest.
Triceps Extensions
Triceps extensions are resistance exercises that target the triceps muscles in the back of the upper arm.
They involve extending the arms at the elbows while keeping the shoulders stationary.
Skull Crushers
Skull crushers are a weightlifting exercise that targets the triceps muscles in the upper arms.
They are performed by lying on a bench or floor, holding a weight (such as a dumbbell or barbell) overhead, and then lowering it towards the forehead while keeping the elbows slightly bent.
This exercise helps to strengthen and build muscle mass in the triceps.
Upper Body Pull Exercises
Pull exercises are movements where you are pulling the weight toward your body. These exercises primarily use the biceps, hamstrings, glutes, and back muscles. A routine set up in which you do a push routine one day and a pull routine the next without working the same muscles two days in a row.
Barbell Rows
Often referred to as a “bent-over row” due to the hinged position of your body during the movement.
A barbell row is a weightlifting exercise in which you bend over at the hips, grasp a barbell with an overhand grip, and pull the weight toward your stomach.
This exercise primarily targets the upper back muscles, including the latissimus dorsi, while also engaging the core and posterior chain muscles.
One Arm Rows
A variation of the bent-over row, a one-arm row, also known as a single-arm dumbbell row, is an upper-body exercise that targets the back muscles using a dumbbell and a bench.
Double arm rows
A “double arm row” is a rowing exercise in which you simultaneously pull a weight toward your body using both arms, typically with a barbell or dumbbell.
This exercise engages your upper back muscles, including the latissimus dorsi, trapezius, and rhomboids.
To effectively target the back muscles, you maintain a bent-over position. Essentially, it’s the opposite movement of a chest press, but you use both arms simultaneously.
Barbell High Rows
A barbell high row, also known as a wide row, is an exercise that uses a barbell to work the upper and mid back muscles.
Dumbell Pullovers
Dumbbell pullovers are a weightlifting exercise that targets the chest, back, and shoulder muscles.
Seated Rows with Resistance Bands
A “seated row with bands” is an exercise where you sit on the ground, loop a resistance band around your feet, and then pull the handles towards your chest, mimicking a rowing motion.
By squeezing the shoulder blades together, this motion primarily targets the upper back muscles, including the latissimus dorsi and rhomboids.
You are essentially performing a seated row movement using the tension of a resistance band instead of weights.
Lat Pulls with Resistance Band
Lat pulls with a resistance band are a back exercise that strengthens the latissimus dorsi muscles and can improve posture.
Back extensions
Back extensions are an exercise that strengthens and isolates the lower back muscles, also known as the erector spinae.
Seated Alternating Rows
A seated alternating row is an exercise that targets the upper back, biceps, and lats.
It can be performed using a resistance machine or with a band.
Renegade Rows
A renegade row is a full-body exercise that combines a plank with a dumbbell row.
It’s an advanced exercise that targets the upper body, back, shoulders, and core.
Biceps Curls
A bicep curl involves bending the arm at the elbow towards the body, strengthening the biceps, the large muscles in the front of the upper arm.
Home Equipment
Resistance bands and a quality pair of adjustable dumbbells are recommended for home training. These don’t take up much space and can be used for most upper-body exercises. To set up a more dedicated space for workouts, add a weight bench or a full home gym to increase your push-pull training options.
Benefits
Push-pull workouts are great for anybody, whether you’re a bodybuilder or just someone lifting weights to be strong and fit. This routine is usually spread out over three days of training, allowing for shorter workouts. These can help you stay committed despite a busy schedule and are easier than longer, total-body workouts. These exercises can also be done with a cable pulley system or resistance bands.
Day 1 might be a push upper body workout.
Day 2 might be a lower-body workout.
Day 3 might be the pull upper body workout.
First, push-pull workouts allow you to work your muscles without overstressing them. (Castanheira R. P. M. et al., 2017) Second, although they are more frequent, push-pull workouts are shorter, so you can do more because your other muscles are resting. Third, push-pull routines are more interesting and contain more variety, as they can be done in various ways.
Alternating Workouts
Trainers recommend changing workouts every 6-12 weeks to avoid hitting a plateau, which can delay weight loss (American Council on Exercise, 2001). For example, you could do a push-pull routine for a few weeks and then switch to a different training method, pyramid training. Then, return to total body workouts, which you can do up to 3 non-consecutive days a week. Circuit training may be an option because the quick workouts allow you to get your cardio in simultaneously. (Haltom R. W. et al., 1999) With so many different training methods, there’s no need to do the same workouts repeatedly.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
For those who are easily bored with weight training and prefer a variety of exercises, this can be a refreshing way to stay focused and avoid burnout. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Transform Your Body
References
Castanheira, R. P. M., Ferreira-Junior, J. B., Celes, R. S., Rocha-Junior, V. A., Cadore, E. L., Izquierdo, M., & Bottaro, M. (2017). Effects of Synergist vs. NonSynergist Split Resistance Training Routines on Acute Neuromuscular Performance in Resistance-Trained Men. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 31(12), 3482–3488. doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001762
Haltom, R. W., Kraemer, R. R., Sloan, R. A., Hebert, E. P., Frank, K., & Tryniecki, J. L. (1999). Circuit weight training and its effects on excess postexercise oxygen consumption. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 31(11), 1613–1618. doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199911000-00018
Could older individuals who do not have symptoms of shoulder pain or loss of shoulder and arm function have a rotator cuff tear?
Rotator Cuff Tear Physical Therapy
A rotator cuff tear is a common injury to the four muscles and tendons surrounding and stabilizing the shoulder joint. Studies have shown that (Geary M. B., & Elfar J. C. 2015)
30% of those under the age of 70
70% of those over age 80 have a rotator cuff tear.
Physical therapy is often recommended as a first-line initial treatment for rotator cuff pain. In most cases, a rotator cuff tear will not need surgical treatment. Determining when surgery is necessary depends on several factors a patient can discuss with their healthcare provider.
Causes
Overuse and repetitive motions
Trauma (e.g., falls, collisions)
Age-related degeneration
Symptoms
Shoulder pain, especially with overhead or rotational movements
Weakness and difficulty raising the arm
Clicking or grinding sounds in the shoulder
Limited range of motion
Treatment
The goal of physical therapy for a rotator cuff tear is not necessarily to heal the torn tendon but to relieve pain and improve strength by reducing inflammation and restoring shoulder joint mechanics. This is achieved through physical therapy, ice application, anti-inflammatory treatments like medications, and cortisone injections.
Physical Therapy
The goal of physical therapy is to improve the function of the muscles that surround the shoulder. Physical therapy targets the smaller muscles around the shoulder that are commonly neglected. By strengthening these muscles, the treatment can help compensate for damaged tendons and improve the mechanics of the shoulder joint. A chiropractic physical therapy team will develop a personalized exercise program. Generally, rehabilitation will start with gentle range of motion exercises that can be accomplished using the arms to lift a mobility stick/wand overhead.
Shoulder Pulleys
These improve shoulder range of motion and flexibility.
Isometric Exercises
These exercises are for the rotator cuff muscles and may then be started.
This exercise can improve the contracting of the muscles around the shoulder and offer more support to the shoulder joint.
Scapular Stabilization Exercises
These can also be done to improve the muscles surrounding the shoulder blade’s function.
This can help improve how the shoulder joint, arm, and scapulae move together when using the arm.
Advanced Strengthening
Advanced exercises can be done with a dumbbell or resistance band.
Consult your healthcare provider or physical therapist before starting these or any other exercises for a rotator cuff tear. Doing exercises correctly prevents further pain, injury, or shoulder problems. Specific, focused exercises can help expedite and regain normal shoulder function.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
The prognosis for rotator cuff tears depends on the severity of the tear and the individual’s overall health. With proper treatment, most people can regain the full function of their shoulders. However, some may experience ongoing pain or limitations in severe cases. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Shoulder Pain Chiropractic Treatment
References
Geary, M. B., & Elfar, J. C. (2015). Rotator Cuff Tears in the Elderly Patients. Geriatric orthopaedic surgery & rehabilitation, 6(3), 220–224. doi.org/10.1177/2151458515583895
Can individuals incorporate nutritional snacks to consume before and after to have an effective workout and abundant energy?
How Can Exercise Help The Body?
When many people start thinking about their health and how to improve it, they usually begin exercising and eating healthier around the last week before the new year to jumpstart their health and wellness journey. These small changes can help the body tremendously as environmental factors like stress, physical inactivity, and various lifestyles can negatively impact the body, thus leading to stress and environmental factors. For individuals dealing with musculoskeletal disorders or autoimmune disorders, exercises and a healthy diet filled with nutritional foods can help mitigate pain-like symptoms and overlapping risk profiles. For individuals with low back pain, core stabilization exercises can help reduce pain and disability while improving core muscle activation to strengthen weak muscles. (Nayyab et al., 2021) As a non-surgical therapy, everyone can exercise for the body, which can help many people reduce any chronic diseases and issues they are dealing with. (Vina et al., 2012) At the same time, a person can exercise at any fitness level by incorporating the right amount of healthy snacks before and after a good workout. We associate with certified medical providers who inform our patients of the importance of having healthy snacks before and after working out to replenish the body and have energy throughout the day. While asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to integrate small changes into their daily routine to restore energy through healthy snacking. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., envisions this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.
Secrets of Optimal Wellness- Video
Pre- & Post Workout Benefits
When starting to work out, it is important to ensure that the body is properly fueled with the proper carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats that can be converted into energy to perform any exercise routines at full capacity. For athletic individuals, nutrition is closely connected with physical activity and the timing of when the body uses that energy. (Januszko & Lange, 2021) Hence, it is important for individuals starting to work out to consume enough energy through nutritional foods in a pre-workout environment. Pre-workout supplementation can help significantly improve greater changes in body composition and strength. (Cabre et al., 2022) Pre-workouts have benefited from increasing energy, enhancing strength and endurance, and reducing muscle fatigue through supplementation and healthy snacks that give people energy. Post-workouts can help with muscle recovery, and post-workout snacks can help maintain the body’s energy levels throughout the day.
Pre-Workout Snacks
Many dietary supplements for pre-workouts can help with health and performance improvement as they help increase muscle mass and strength while providing energy when exercising. (Brisebois et al., 2022) At the same time, incorporating carbohydrates can provide glycogen energy stored in the liver to provide muscle energy. (Henselmans et al., 2022) It is important to note that eating an hour before working out can give beneficial results. Some of the snacks many people can make and eat before working out include:
Chocolate milk with banana
Frozen grapes
Granola bar
Pretzels
Post Workout Snacks
It is important to restore and maintain that energy in the body when it comes to post-workout snacks after an intense workout. Many athletic and non-athletic individuals can incorporate nutritional carbohydrates and proteins to improve their physiological and biochemical adaptations to promote faster recovery and maintain the body’s hydration status. (Baroni et al., 2023) For instance, coconut water can be an alternative to sports drinks to replenish the body’s electrolytes. (O’Brien et al., 2023) Some of the post-workout snacks that are packed with protein and healthy carbs include:
Smoothies made with fruits, Greek yogurt, and protein powders
Chocolate milk with almonds
Crackers with string cheese
Cottage cheese
References
Baroni, L., Pelosi, E., Giampieri, F., & Battino, M. (2023). The VegPlate for Sports: A Plant-Based Food Guide for Athletes. Nutrients, 15(7). doi.org/10.3390/nu15071746
Brisebois, M., Kramer, S., Lindsay, K. G., Wu, C. T., & Kamla, J. (2022). Dietary practices and supplement use among CrossFit(R) participants. J Int Soc Sports Nutr, 19(1), 316-335. doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2086016
Cabre, H. E., Gordon, A. N., Patterson, N. D., & Smith-Ryan, A. E. (2022). Evaluation of pre-workout and recovery formulations on body composition and performance after a 6-week high-intensity training program. Front Nutr, 9, 1016310. doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1016310
Henselmans, M., Bjornsen, T., Hedderman, R., & Varvik, F. T. (2022). The Effect of Carbohydrate Intake on Strength and Resistance Training Performance: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 14(4). doi.org/10.3390/nu14040856
Januszko, P., & Lange, E. (2021). Nutrition, supplementation and weight reduction in combat sports: a review. AIMS Public Health, 8(3), 485-498. doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2021038
Nayyab, I., Ghous, M., Shakil Ur Rehman, S., & Yaqoob, I. (2021). The effects of an exercise programme for core muscle strengthening in patients with low back pain after Caesarian-section: A single blind randomized controlled trial. J Pak Med Assoc, 71(5), 1319-1325. doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.596
O’Brien, B. J., Bell, L. R., Hennessy, D., Denham, J., & Paton, C. D. (2023). Coconut Water: A Sports Drink Alternative? Sports (Basel), 11(9). doi.org/10.3390/sports11090183
Vina, J., Sanchis-Gomar, F., Martinez-Bello, V., & Gomez-Cabrera, M. C. (2012). Exercise acts as a drug; the pharmacological benefits of exercise. Br J Pharmacol, 167(1), 1-12. doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01970.x
Should individuals wanting to engage in the exercise start with a warm-up and end with a cooldown to prepare the muscles for optimal performance and post-workout recovery?
Warming Up, Cooling Down
Warming up 5 to 10 minutes before exercise is beneficial for pumping blood to the muscles and preparing them for a run. Dynamic or active stretching and light aerobic activity are a few ways to warm up. This could be active stretching, such as walking lunges, brisk walking, or riding a stationary bike for a few minutes before running. However, individuals should avoid static stretches before running, as they can increase the risk of injury. The minimum length of time for an effective cooldown session is five minutes. Depending on the intensity of the workout, individuals may choose to extend that to 10 minutes.
Steps for a Running Warmup
Do five to 10 minutes of light aerobic exercise to loosen up muscles.
Walk briskly, march, jog slowly, or cycle on a stationary bike.
Don’t rush.
Perform dynamic stretches and movements during the warmup, including walking lunges, jumping jacks, or toe touches.
Begin the run with a slow jog and gradually increase speed.
Slow down if you run out of breath.
This is part of knowing how fast you should run; starting too fast is a common mistake.
Pay attention to posture and form.
Ensure you are using the best technique before speeding up.
Warm Up Benefits
When warming up, the blood vessels dilate. The increased blood flow primes the muscles with oxygen and prepares them to perform at their best. Blood flow also increases the temperature in the muscles for enhanced flexibility. Allowing the heart rate to increase gradually is beneficial, instead of going full max heart output by jumping full speed into the running. (The American Heart Association, 2024)
Properly Cooling Down
At the end of the run:
Cool down by walking or slowly jogging for five to 10 minutes.
Breathing and heart rate should gradually return to normal.
Drink water or an electrolyte-infused drink to rehydrate the body.
Benefits of a Cooldown
The cool-down keeps blood flowing throughout the body at a consistent level. Stopping immediately can cause light-headedness because heart rate and blood pressure can drop rapidly. Winding down slowly allows heart rate and blood pressure to fall gradually. The cooldown is also a good mental transition from the intensity and accomplishing the workout.
Before or After Stretching
Stretching evidence shows it doesn’t have the benefits once thought. Static stretching before, during, or after exercise has not been shown to prevent injury or delayed onset muscle soreness. (Herbert R. D., de Noronha M., & Kamper S. J. 2011) Stretching cold muscles is not recommended. However, there is some evidence that dynamic or active stretching after a warmup can benefit performance. Active stretching is done with exercises that take the muscles through their full range of motion and mimic the actions that will be done during the workout. (Van Hooren B., & Peake J. M. 2018)
Stretching After Running
Standard stretching includes the hamstring stretch, quad stretch, calf stretch, low lunge stretch, IT band stretch, butterfly stretch, hip and backstretch, arms and abs stretch, and triceps stretch. Tips for proper stretching:
Don’t Bounce
Avoid bouncing, as this mimics pulling a rubber band back and forth. You want the muscle to stay stretched.
Hold the stretch for 15 to 30 seconds.
Don’t Stretch Through Pain
Don’t stretch beyond the point where tightness is felt in the muscle.
Do not push through muscle resistance.
Never stretch to the point of pain.
Stretch Whole Body
Don’t just stretch the areas with tightness and/or soreness.
Stretch the whole body equally to prevent injury.
Don’t Hold Your Breath
Take deep breaths during the stretch.
Stay relaxed and breathe in and out slowly.
If starting a new fitness routine, consult your healthcare provider to determine the optimal running warmups and stretching exercises.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Herbert, R. D., de Noronha, M., & Kamper, S. J. (2011). Stretching to prevent or reduce muscle soreness after exercise. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (7), CD004577. doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004577.pub3
Van Hooren, B., & Peake, J. M. (2018). Do We Need a Cool-Down After Exercise? A Narrative Review of the Psychophysiological Effects and the Effects on Performance, Injuries and the Long-Term Adaptive Response. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 48(7), 1575–1595. doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0916-2
Can individuals incorporate these simple but effective exercise routines to reduce pain and discomfort in their spine and back?
Why It’s Important To Keep The Back Mobile
When many individuals are dealing with back pain from their upper, middle, and lower portions, it can put a halt to a person’s routine. When back pain becomes present, it causes the person to find a comfortable place like a couch or a bed and lie down. However, this can cause more issues than the original one, affecting the individual. Back pain is a common worldwide problem and is the leading issue of disability associated with a high socio-economic cost. (Chou, 2021) Additionally, when a person is dealing with back pain, they are also dealing with degenerative issues that are also affecting their spines, thus causing problems to their joints, discs, and bones. (Hauser et al., 2022) This is because back pain is a multifactorial musculoskeletal disorder that can cause referred pain to different body locations. So when a person dealing with back pain rests, it can become an issue as inflammation builds up and swelling in the affected areas. Hence, many doctors, chiropractors, physical therapists, and spine specialists recommend keeping mobile to allow blood flow and the body’s natural healing response to reduce pain and speed up recovery. Since back pain relief is challenging through visceral-somatic disturbances, it is important to find various treatment options to aid the person’s specific condition. As a person goes to get treatment for their back pain, it is important to note that the causes of their back pain can help determine which exercises can be most effective within their treatment plan. We associate with certified medical providers who inform our patients of the benefits of incorporating simple but effective exercises for their back pain. While asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to integrate an exercise routine to reduce the chances of environmental factors causing back pain to return. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., envisions this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.
Understanding Academic Low Back Pain- Video
Effective But Simple Exercises For The Back
Many people often wonder, “If I am dealing with back pain, why should I exercise to reduce this pain?” The answer is simple: since the affected back muscles are tight and weakened, simple but effective exercises can help recover. Exercise therapy can help increase muscle-joint strength in the body while improving muscle function and increasing range of motion. This boosts a speedy recovery and allows the individual to return to their usual activities. (Hayden et al., 2021) At the same time, with a customized treatment plan, exercise therapy can incorporate other non-surgical treatments with one goal: to restore normal musculoskeletal function and reduce the pain caused by environmental factors, diseases, or injuries. (Karlsson et al., 2020) Now, depending on the severity of the back pain, there are simple but effective exercises below to help reduce the pain and restore mobility to the back.
Physical Therapy & At-Home Workouts
Physical therapy and at-home exercises can help many individuals with back pain. They can help figure out which position can help centralize the pain and correct any restricted motions. Many physical therapists incorporate the McKenzie method to strengthen and support the spine while decreasing pain and inflammation. At-home exercises can be combined with a series designed to be practical, assessable, and feasible for therapeutic gain or even to improve physical capacity to maximum effort. (Quentin et al., 2021)
Water Exercises
Water exercises are amazing exercises that can help lessen the body’s weight to take pressure and stress off the spine. This is because water is supposed to help cleanse and rejuvenate the body. When individuals are experiencing chronic back pain, aquatic physical therapy can help relieve pain intensity, relax the aching muscles, and even promote a positive workout experience for the individual. (Ma et al., 2022) After a few consecutive sessions, many individuals can see improvement in pain intensity and restored mobility function in their routines.
Tai Chi & Stabalizing Exercises
Now, another simple and effective exercise routine can help stabilize the surrounding muscles in the back and spine and become effective as part of a health and well-being routine. Tai chi and Qigong practices can help the individual emphasize stillness and controlled movements to promote calmness, resilience, body awareness, and relaxation for proper body alignment. (Yang et al., 2024) Tai chi and Qigong can also help support immune function in the body while regulating inflammation, which can help reduce and prevent diseases. (Oh et al., 2020) At the same time, yoga can help improve flexibility, mobility, and stability within the muscles and joints while also improving spinal alignment, which can help many individuals have proper posture. (Zhu et al., 2020) Depending on which exercise a person prefers for their treatment plan and to reduce their back pain; it is important to make these small changes to achieve optimal results. Making these small changes can help many individuals reduce the chances of their back pain returning and help them along with their health and wellness journey.
Hauser, R. A., Matias, D., Woznica, D., Rawlings, B., & Woldin, B. A. (2022). Lumbar instability as an etiology of low back pain and its treatment by prolotherapy: A review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil, 35(4), 701-712. doi.org/10.3233/BMR-210097
Hayden, J. A., Ellis, J., Ogilvie, R., Malmivaara, A., & van Tulder, M. W. (2021). Exercise therapy for chronic low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 9(9), CD009790. doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009790.pub2
Karlsson, M., Bergenheim, A., Larsson, M. E. H., Nordeman, L., van Tulder, M., & Bernhardsson, S. (2020). Effects of exercise therapy in patients with acute low back pain: a systematic review of systematic reviews. Syst Rev, 9(1), 182. doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01412-8
Ma, J., Zhang, T., He, Y., Li, X., Chen, H., & Zhao, Q. (2022). Effect of aquatic physical therapy on chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 23(1), 1050. doi.org/10.1186/s12891-022-05981-8
Oh, B., Bae, K., Lamoury, G., Eade, T., Boyle, F., Corless, B., Clarke, S., Yeung, A., Rosenthal, D., Schapira, L., & Back, M. (2020). The Effects of Tai Chi and Qigong on Immune Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicines (Basel), 7(7). doi.org/10.3390/medicines7070039
Quentin, C., Bagheri, R., Ugbolue, U. C., Coudeyre, E., Pelissier, C., Descatha, A., Menini, T., Bouillon-Minois, J. B., & Dutheil, F. (2021). Effect of Home Exercise Training in Patients with Nonspecific Low-Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(16). doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168430
Yang, Y., McCluskey, S., Bydon, M., Singh, J. R., Sheeler, R. D., Nathani, K. R., Krieger, A. C., Mehta, N. D., Weaver, J., Jia, L., DeCelle, S., Schlagal, R. C., Ayar, J., Abduljawad, S., Stovitz, S. D., Ganesh, R., Verkuilen, J., Knapp, K. A., Yang, L., & Hartl, R. (2024). A Tai chi and qigong mind-body program for low back pain: A virtually delivered randomized control trial. N Am Spine Soc J, 20, 100557. doi.org/10.1016/j.xnsj.2024.100557
Zhu, F., Zhang, M., Wang, D., Hong, Q., Zeng, C., & Chen, W. (2020). Yoga compared to non-exercise or physical therapy exercise on pain, disability, and quality of life for patients with chronic low back pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLOS ONE, 15(9), e0238544. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238544
For individuals who are looking to lower blood pressure, can walking help?
Walking To Lower Blood Pressure
A walking regimen is an accessible workout that can be done almost anywhere at no cost, effectively lowering blood pressure and improving overall health. Studies show that individuals who use walking as a workout for three months have improved systolic blood pressure, which is the top number that measures the pressure in the arteries as the heart beats. (McMullan S., Nguyen C., & Smith D. K. 2022)
How It Works
Walking is an excellent way to get active. It can be done almost anywhere, including on a treadmill, outdoors, or around the house. Exercising lowers blood pressure by strengthening the heart, leading to the heart pumping blood more effectively when it is stronger. This causes less resistance to the blood vessels, which lowers overall blood pressure. (Hegde S. M., & Solomon S. D. 2015) The benefits of walking include: (American Heart Association, 2024)
Weight loss and management
Lowers stress
Improves mental health by reducing anxiety.
Improves sleep quality
Improves cognition
Strengthens the heart
Promotes bone health and reduces the risk of osteoporosis.
Knowing When to Take A Blood Pressure Reading
Various factors can affect blood pressure readings and can include:
Nervousness
Eating a meal
Drinking caffeine
Exercise can affect blood pressure readings.
Knowing how and when to take a blood pressure reading after walking can help prevent false elevated numbers. According to the CDC, individuals should wait at least 30 minutes after exercise before taking a reading (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2024). Exercise and walking have been shown to cause an immediate reduction in systolic blood pressure. This is known as post-exercise hypotension and is normal. The reduction lasts around 24 hours after exercising and is more noticeable in those with high blood pressure. Consistent exercise and walking will cause a longer, more sustained blood pressure reduction. (Hegde S. M., & Solomon S. D. 2015)
It is recommended not to talk while the blood pressure is being taken.
Apply the blood pressure cuff snugly around the arm.
Place your arm on a table, level with your heart.
Sit in a chair, keep your feet flat on the floor, and do not cross your legs or lean back on the chair.
It is recommended not to eat or drink 30 minutes before and to have an empty bladder.
Pace and Intensity
A study found that walking three to five times weekly for 20 to 40 minutes at a moderate pace for three months can lower systolic blood pressure. However, various groups determined BP rates differently by measuring heart rate, VO2 max/the maximum volume of oxygen you can use simultaneously, and walking speed. (McMullan S., Nguyen C., & Smith D. K. 2022)
Increasing Workout Intensity
Individuals with hypertension who walk may want to increase workout intensity to challenge themselves for added fitness. This can include:
Walk faster
Use intervals – walk as fast as you can for a minute or two at a time.
Add inclines
Use ankle or wrist weights or a weighted vest.
Walking with someone to challenge each other to push a little harder.
Try other places to walk.
Always talk to a healthcare provider if you are starting a walking workout for the first time, want to increase walking intensity, and take medications prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Hypertensive Crisis
A hypertensive crisis is when a person’s blood pressure is extremely high, can cause life-threatening conditions like stroke, and is a medical emergency. It is a blood pressure of 180/120 mm Hg or higher. (American Heart Association, 2024) If you get a blood pressure reading of 180/120 mm Hg or higher at home, wait five minutes and take another reading. If the blood pressure is still high, immediately contact a healthcare provider. (American Heart Association, 2024) If the individual is experiencing the below symptoms, call 911 (American Heart Association, 2024)
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Vision changes
Difficulty speaking
Weakness
Numbness
Back pain
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Hypertension Explained
References
McMullan, S., Nguyen, C., & Smith, D. K. (2022). Can Walking Lower Blood Pressure in Patients With Hypertension?. American family physician, 105(1), 22–23.
Hegde, S. M., & Solomon, S. D. (2015). Influence of Physical Activity on Hypertension and Cardiac Structure and Function. Current hypertension reports, 17(10), 77. doi.org/10.1007/s11906-015-0588-3
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