Unlocking Tendon Healing: An Inside Look at Percutaneous Tenotomy
Abstract
Chronic tendon pain, or tendinopathy, can be debilitating and significantly affect quality of life. Traditional treatments often provide only temporary relief, leaving patients searching for more definitive solutions. In this educational post, I will explore a groundbreaking, minimally invasive procedure known as percutaneous tenotomy. We will get into the science behind this ultrasound-guided technique, which removes damaged tendon tissue to stimulate the body’s natural healing processes. Specifically, we will examine the two leading methods, Tenex and TenJet, and discuss their applications for conditions like tennis elbow, Achilles tendinopathy, and plantar fasciitis. As we explore the mechanics of this procedure, I will also explain how we at Injury Medical Clinic integrate this advanced medical intervention into our comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach. This includes integrative chiropractic care, functional medicine, and personalized rehabilitation, all under the medical direction of Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, to ensure our patients achieve optimal, long-lasting recovery.
As a practitioner with dual credentials in chiropractic (DC) and as an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), I have dedicated my career to bridging gaps between medical disciplines. My goal has always been to find the most effective, evidence-based solutions for my patients. Today, I want to share insights into a fascinating procedure that has revolutionized how we treat chronic tendon pain: percutaneous tenotomy. This technique, once confined to surgical suites, is now a powerful tool accessible in an office setting, offering hope to those suffering from persistent tendinopathies.
At our practice, Injury Medical Clinic, we pride ourselves on a collaborative, integrative model. Our medical director and collaborative physician, Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, an internist with over 40 years of experience, provides essential medical oversight. This partnership allows us to combine my expertise in chiropractic, functional medicine, and rehabilitation with her deep knowledge of internal medicine. This combination ensures that when we recommend and facilitate a procedure like percutaneous tenotomy, it is part of a holistic and well-managed treatment plan designed for comprehensive healing.
Understanding Chronic Tendinopathy: When Rest Isn’t Enough
Before we explore the solution, let’s understand the problem. Tendinopathy is not simply inflammation, as the term “tendinitis” might suggest. It’s a degenerative condition where the collagen fibers that make up the tendon begin to break down. This often happens with repetitive overuse, which prevents the tendon from healing properly. Instead of organized, strong collagen, the body lays down a disorganized, weak, and painful matrix of scar tissue. This abnormal tissue is metabolically inactive, has a poor blood supply, and doesn’t respond well to conservative treatments like rest, ice, or stretching.
Clinically, I see patients who have been struggling for months, or even years, with conditions such as:
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis or Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Tendinopathy)
Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis)
Jumper’s Knee (Patellar Tendinopathy)
Achilles Tendinopathy
Plantar Fasciitis (Plantar Fasciopathy)
These individuals often report a cycle of pain, temporary relief, and frustrating recurrence. This is precisely where a more targeted intervention becomes necessary.
Percutaneous Tenotomy: A Minimally Invasive Revolution
Percutaneous tenotomy is a cutting-edge, FDA-approved procedure designed to precisely remove the damaged, degenerative tissue from a tendon under ultrasound guidance. The term “percutaneous” means “through the skin,” highlighting its minimally invasive nature. Unlike open surgery, which requires large incisions and longer recovery times, percutaneous tenotomy is performed through a very small entry point, often requiring just a sterile bandage afterward.
The core principle is simple but powerful: by selectively debriding (removing) the diseased tissue, we create a controlled injury that triggers the body’s natural inflammatory and healing cascade. This process brings fresh blood, growth factors, and specialized cells to the area, encouraging new, healthy tendon tissue to grow.
Leading researchers in musculoskeletal medicine have shown that this targeted debridement is key to breaking the cycle of chronic pain and dysfunction (Knutsen et al., 2023). It’s a precise and elegant solution that addresses the root cause of the problem.
The Two Leading Techniques: Tenex and TenJet
Two primary technologies currently dominate the market for percutaneous tenotomy. While both achieve the same goal, they use different mechanisms.
Tenex Health TX System: This technique relies on phacoemulsification, the same ultrasonic energy used in modern cataract surgery. A specialized handheld instrument uses a small, 18-gauge double-lumen needle. The needle tip vibrates at an ultrasonic frequency, emulsifying (liquefying) the targeted pathologic tissue. At the same time, a second lumen within the needle suctions the emulsified debris out of the body. This is performed in real time under direct ultrasound visualization, ensuring that only damaged tissue is removed while the surrounding healthy tendon is preserved.
TenJet System: This technology offers an alternative to ultrasonic energy. It uses a high-velocity, pressurized stream of saline to create a “cutting” effect. The focused water jet precisely dissects and removes the degenerated tissue, which is then aspirated away through the same instrument.
In our collaborative network, we often use the Tenex device for its precision and effectiveness. The procedure is typically performed in an office or a minor procedure suite, making it incredibly convenient for patients. A foot pedal controls the device, and the settings are calibrated for the specific tendon and severity of the condition.
A Glimpse into the Procedure: Debriding Tennis Elbow
To help you visualize how the device works, let’s walk through a typical procedure for extensor carpi radialis brevis tendinopathy, commonly known as tennis elbow. This is one of the most common and well-studied applications for percutaneous tenotomy.
Preparation and Sterilization: The patient is positioned comfortably, and the area is prepped using a sterile technique. The ultrasound probe itself is covered with a sterile sheath to maintain a clean field. Local anesthetic numbs the area completely, ensuring the procedure is painless.
Ultrasound Visualization: The first and most critical step is using the ultrasound to identify the exact location and extent of the tendinopathy. The damaged tissue appears distinct on the screen—often hypoechoic (darker) and thickened compared with the bright, organized fibers of a healthy tendon.
Needle Insertion: Under continuous ultrasound guidance, the provider carefully inserts the Tenex needle through the skin and advances it directly into the degenerated tissue. Real-time imaging lets the provider see the needle tip at all times, ensuring pinpoint accuracy.
Debridement: The provider activates the device with the foot pedal. The ultrasonic tip begins to vibrate, and the provider moves the needle back and forth through the diseased tissue in a technique similar to fenestration (a needling procedure that promotes bleeding and healing). You can often hear a subtle hum as the device works. The device simultaneously suctioned away the emulsified, unhealthy tissue.
Completion: The entire “cutting time” is remarkably short, typically ranging from 30 seconds to two minutes. Once the provider has sufficiently debrided the pathologic area, they remove the needle and apply a small bandage.
This removes the source of pain and creates fertile ground for true healing to begin. Studies have demonstrated significant improvements in pain and function following this procedure for various tendinopathies (Seng et al., 2016).
Our Integrative Approach: Beyond the Procedure
At Injury Medical Clinic, performing a procedure like percutaneous tenotomy is just one part of a larger, more comprehensive approach. True and lasting recovery requires a multi-faceted approach that supports the body’s healing journey from every angle. This is where our unique integrative model, supervised by Dr. Cardenas, truly shines.
1. The Role of Integrative Chiropractic Care
As a chiropractor, I focus on the biomechanical integrity of the entire musculoskeletal system. The tendon issue didn’t arise in isolation. It often results from underlying biomechanical faults, postural imbalances, or compensatory movement patterns. My role, both before and after the tenotomy procedure, is to:
Assess and Correct Joint Dysfunction: I perform specific chiropractic adjustments to the elbow, wrist, shoulder, and even the spine to restore proper joint mechanics. If the joints don’t move correctly, the attached tendons remain under abnormal stress, hindering recovery and increasing the risk of reinjury.
Address Myofascial Restrictions: Using techniques like Active Release Technique (ART) and Graston Technique, we break down adhesions in the muscles and fascia surrounding the affected tendon. This improves flexibility, reduces muscle tension, and helps the tendon glide smoothly.
Prescribe Rehabilitative Exercises: After the procedure, a carefully graded exercise program is crucial. We start with gentle range-of-motion exercises and progress to eccentric loading exercises. Eccentric exercises (lengthening the muscle-tendon unit under load) are scientifically proven to stimulate collagen production and help the new tendon fibers align correctly, making them strong and resilient (Alfredson, 2005).
2. Functional Medicine and Nutritional Support
Healing is a metabolically demanding process. As a Certified Functional Medicine Practitioner (CFMP), I consider the biochemical factors that can support or hinder tissue repair. We may assess for and address:
Systemic Inflammation: Chronic inflammation can impede healing. We recommend anti-inflammatory diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and phytonutrients.
Nutrient Deficiencies: Key nutrients like Vitamin C, zinc, manganese, and certain amino acids (proline, glycine) are essential building blocks for collagen. We may recommend targeted supplementation to ensure the body has the raw materials it needs to build a strong new tendon.
Gut Health: Emerging research shows a strong link between gut health and systemic inflammation. Optimizing the gut microbiome can profoundly affect the body’s ability to heal.
3. Medical Oversight and Comprehensive Care
Having Dr. Cardenas as our medical director is invaluable. Her internal medicine expertise ensures we consider all aspects of the patient’s health. She provides medical clearance for procedures, manages any co-existing medical conditions (like diabetes or hypertension) that could affect healing, and can prescribe medications for pain management if necessary. This collaborative oversight ensures patient safety and a truly integrated standard of care that addresses the whole person, not just the injured tendon.
A New Era in Tendon Treatment
Percutaneous tenotomy represents a significant leap forward from older, more invasive methods. When skilled providers use it and integrate it into a comprehensive rehabilitation plan, this powerful tool delivers remarkable outcomes. It bridges the gap between failed conservative care and major surgery.
At our clinic, we use the latest evidence-based research to guide our practice. By combining advanced medical procedures like percutaneous tenotomy with the foundational principles of chiropractic care, functional medicine, and targeted rehabilitation, we create a synergistic healing environment. Our goal is to eliminate your pain, restore your function, strengthen your body, and empower you to return to the activities you love, stronger and more resilient than before.
If you have been struggling with chronic tendon pain, know that there are innovative and effective options available. It may be time to explore a more definitive solution that addresses the true source of your condition.
References
Alfredson, H. (2005). The chronic painful Achilles and patellar tendon: Research on basic biology and treatment. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 15(4), 252–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.00478.x
Seng, K., Mohan, P. C. S., & Koh, J. S. B. (2016). Percutaneous ultrasonic tenotomy for chronic tendinopathies: A systematic review. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery, 24(1), 92–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/160240021602400120
Hydrodistension Treatment for (Frozen) Shoulder Pain and Stiffness
Abstract
As a clinician dedicated to exploring the frontiers of musculoskeletal health, I’m excited to share insights into an advanced, evidence-based procedure for one of the most stubborn and painful conditions we encounter: adhesive capsulitis, more commonly known as frozen shoulder. This condition, marked by severe pain and a progressive loss of shoulder motion, can be debilitating. Today, we’ll journey through the intricacies of a procedure called hydroplasty, or hydrodistension, a technique designed to physically release the constricted shoulder joint capsule.
We’ll review the latest research from leading scientists, including a close look at a hydrodistension procedure performed by a primary care sports medicine doctor. I will explain the physiological basis of this condition, the step-by-step mechanics of the procedure, and most importantly, how we integrate this advanced intervention with our comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach at Injury Medical Clinic. Our model combines medical oversight from Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, with my expertise in chiropractic, functional medicine, and rehabilitation to create a powerful synergy that promotes not just relief, but true, lasting recovery.
Who We Are
Hello, I’m Dr. Alex Jimenez. With my extensive background in chiropractic, functional medicine, and family nursing, my mission has always been to provide my patients with the most effective, evidence-based treatments. At our clinic, we operate under a collaborative, integrative model. Our medical director, Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, a board-certified internist with over 40 years of experience, provides essential medical oversight. This partnership allows us to blend the best of conventional medicine with chiropractic care, physical rehabilitation, and functional medicine principles, creating a patient-centered treatment ecosystem.
Today, I want to focus on a particularly challenging condition: frozen shoulder. In our practice, we see many patients who have lost the ability to do simple daily tasks—combing their hair, reaching for a seatbelt, or lifting a grocery bag—because of the intense pain and stiffness of adhesive capsulitis. While conservative care is always our first line of defense, some cases require a more definitive intervention. This is where hydroplasty, also known as hydrodistension, comes in. This post presents the latest findings and highlights the work of leading experts, explaining how this procedure fits within our integrative chiropractic care framework to restore function and improve our patients’ quality of life.
Understanding Adhesive Capsulitis: The “Frozen” Shoulder
Before we explore the solution, it’s crucial to understand the problem. Adhesive capsulitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the glenohumeral joint capsule, the flexible, ligamentous sac that surrounds the ball-and-socket joint of the shoulder.
Pathophysiology: In a healthy shoulder, this capsule is elastic and allows for a wide range of motion. In frozen shoulder, the capsule becomes inflamed, thickened, and fibrotic. It develops adhesions, essentially becoming scarred and contracted. This process shrinks the capsule, physically restricting the movement of the humeral head within the glenoid socket.
The Three Phases: The condition typically progresses through three overlapping stages:
Freezing (Painful) Stage: This is characterized by the gradual onset of diffuse, severe shoulder pain. As the pain worsens, range of motion begins to decrease. Inflammation is the dominant process here.
Frozen (Stiff) Stage: During this phase, the pain may start to subside, but stiffness becomes the primary complaint. The joint capsule has significantly thickened and contracted, leading to a dramatic loss of both active and passive range of motion.
Thawing (Resolution) Stage: In this final stage, the shoulder’s range of motion slowly begins to improve. This phase can be very slow, sometimes lasting for months or even years.
Our goal with any intervention is to shorten these phases and restore function as quickly and completely as possible. This is where the synergy of medical procedures and chiropractic rehabilitation becomes invaluable.
Hydroplasty: A Targeted Intervention for a Constricted Joint
Hydroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure performed under ultrasound guidance. The core principle is simple yet powerful: to inject a large volume of sterile fluid directly into the glenohumeral joint capsule. The goal is to use hydraulic pressure to stretch and ultimately rupture the fibrotic adhesions restricting movement. Think of it like inflating a balloon until it stretches and breaks its constraints.
I want to showcase a respected primary care sports medicine physician. Their meticulous technique provides a clear, real-world example of how this procedure is performed. By understanding his approach, we can better appreciate the precision required and the rationale behind each step.
Here is a visual from an ultrasound-guided procedure. We are looking at the back of the shoulder, across the posterior glenohumeral joint. You can see the deltoid and infraspinatus muscles, the posterior capsule, and the humeral head. The needle is precisely positioned within the joint space, ready to deliver the therapeutic fluid. This image highlights the importance of ultrasound guidance to ensure accuracy and safety.
The Hydrodistension Procedure: A Step-by-Step Breakdown
The approach is methodical and prioritizes patient comfort and procedural success. It breaks down into three key stages. Let’s look at the “why” behind each one.
Step 1: The Suprascapular Nerve Block
The first step isn’t the joint injection itself, but a nerve block targeting the suprascapular nerve at the spinoglenoid notch.
The “What”: A 5 mL syringe of 1% lidocaine is used to numb this nerve. The spinoglenoid notch is a small passageway located just medial to the shoulder joint, where the suprascapular nerve runs.
The “Why”: The suprascapular nerve provides approximately 70% of the sensory innervation to the shoulder joint. By blocking this nerve, we achieve significant analgesia (pain relief). This serves two purposes:
Procedural Comfort: It makes the subsequent, more intensive part of the procedure far more tolerable for the patient.
Short-Term Pain Relief: It provides immediate relief that can last several hours, breaking the pain cycle and allowing gentle movement after the procedure.
This initial step is a clear example of thinking ahead in patient care—addressing pain before it becomes a barrier to treatment.
Step 2: Numbing the Joint Capsule Pathway
Next, the doctor anesthetizes the pathway for the main injection.
The “What”: Using a smaller, 25-gauge needle, the doctor injects a small amount of buffered 1% lidocaine directly into the subcutaneous tissue and down to the posterior glenohumeral joint capsule. He adds sodium bicarbonate to the lidocaine to buffer it.
The “Why”: Lidocaine is naturally acidic, which can cause a stinging sensation upon injection. Adding a bicarbonate buffer raises the solution’s pH, bringing it closer to the body’s natural pH. This simple modification significantly reduces injection discomfort. This step ensures the path for the larger needle is completely numb, further enhancing patient comfort.
Step 3: The Main Injection – Distending the Capsule
This is the therapeutic core of the procedure.
The “What”: A larger, 18-gauge needle is guided under ultrasound into the posterior glenohumeral joint. It’s connected via IV tubing to a large syringe containing the injectate. In protocol, this is a 51 mL cocktail:
10 mL of 1% lidocaine (a short-acting anesthetic)
10 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine (a longer-acting anesthetic for sustained pain relief)
30 mL of sterile saline (the primary fluid for creating hydraulic pressure)
1 mL of Kenalog (40 mg) (a corticosteroid to reduce inflammation)
The “Why”: This is a two-person job for safety and efficacy. While the physician holds the ultrasound probe and guides the needle, a medical assistant pushes the fluid from the syringe. The physician feels the resistance and watches the ultrasound screen in real time. Initially, the fluid flows freely into the small joint space. As the injection continues, pressure builds. On the screen, you can see the posterior capsule dramatically lift off the humeral head as it distends.
The “pop” isn’t always audible, but it’s visible on ultrasound. You see the capsule expand rapidly, then suddenly deflate as the adhesions tear and fluid escapes the joint space. This visual confirmation signifies a successful procedure—the capsule has been released. The combination of anesthetics provides a window of pain relief, while the corticosteroid helps manage the post-procedural inflammation caused by the mechanical tearing of the adhesions.
The Critical Role of Integrative Chiropractic Care Post-Procedure
The hydrodistension procedure is a powerful “reset” button, but it is not the end of the treatment. It is the beginning of a crucial window of opportunity. The adhesions have been broken, but without immediate, proper rehabilitation, they can reform, and the stiffness can return. This is where our integrative model truly shines.
As a chiropractor, I immediately focus on capitalizing on this newly created mobility. The period after hydrodistension is when we can make the biggest gains.
Gentle Mobilization and Adjustments: Immediately after the procedure, while the joint is still numb, we begin gentle, passive range-of-motion exercises. My role includes specific chiropractic mobilizations of the glenohumeral joint and surrounding joints (scapulothoracic, acromioclavicular, and sternoclavicular). These aren’t forceful manipulations but precise, controlled movements designed to guide the joint through its newly regained range and prevent adhesions from reforming. We also assess and adjust the cervical and thoracic spine, as dysfunction in these areas often contributes to poor shoulder mechanics.
Targeted Physical Rehabilitation: Our rehabilitation team designs a progressive program that evolves with the patient.
Initial Phase (Days 1-7): The focus is on pendulum exercises, passive stretching, and active-assisted range of motion. The goal is to maintain the mobility gained from the procedure and manage inflammation.
Intermediate Phase (Weeks 2-6): We introduce active range-of-motion and isometric strengthening exercises for the rotator cuff and scapular stabilizers (like the serratus anterior and rhomboids). Restoring proper scapulohumeral rhythm—the coordinated movement of the scapula and humerus—is a primary objective.
Advanced Phase (Weeks 6+): The program progresses to include resistive strengthening and functional, sport-specific, or work-specific movements. We retrain the neuromuscular system to use the shoulder correctly and confidently.
Functional Medicine Support: From my functional medicine perspective, we also address underlying systemic factors that may contribute to inflammation. We might assess dietary habits, stress levels, and nutrient deficiencies that could be hindering the healing process. Providing nutritional guidance on an anti-inflammatory diet or recommending supplements like Omega-3 fatty acids, turmeric, or Vitamin C can support the body’s natural healing mechanisms from the inside out.
This integrated approach ensures we treat not just the shoulder, but the whole person. Dr. Cardenas’s medical procedure creates the opening, and the chiropractic and rehabilitative care I provide guides the patient through that opening toward full recovery. It’s a true partnership between intervention and rehabilitation.
Conclusion: A Modern, Synergistic Path to Recovery
Adhesive capsulitis can be a long and frustrating journey for patients. As leading experts have shown, hydrodistension offers a modern, evidence-based way to break the cycle of pain and stiffness. However, this intervention’s success is magnified when embedded in a comprehensive, integrative care plan.
At our clinic, we have seen this synergy in action. By combining the precision of ultrasound-guided medical procedures under Dr. Cardenas’s direction with the hands-on, functional approach of chiropractic care and physical rehabilitation that I lead, we provide our patients with a structured path back to a pain-free, active life. We unlock the frozen shoulder with the procedure and then retrain it for lasting function through dedicated rehabilitation. This is the future of musculoskeletal care—a collaborative, patient-centered model that leverages the best of multiple disciplines to achieve superior outcomes.
Clinical Walkthrough: Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodissection for Radial Tunnel Pain
Abstract
In this educational post, I present a clear, evidence-based walkthrough of ultrasound-guided hydrodissection for radial tunnel–related lateral elbow pain, grounded in modern musculoskeletal research and my clinical observations.
I explain why patients with forearm-burning pain aggravated by pronation and supination often benefit from targeted nerve hydrodissection, how we safely perform perineural injections under ultrasound guidance, and where integrative chiropractic care and rehabilitation accelerate functional recovery.
I also describe our multidisciplinary workflow at Injury Medical Clinic PA (Mission Plaza Injury Medical Clinic) in El Paso, Texas, where I collaborate with Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, to combine medical oversight with integrative chiropractic, functional rehabilitation, and personal injury care.
My focus here is on chiropractic and physical therapy–driven strategies, using medications and hormones only as background support when necessary.
By the end, you will understand the physiologic rationale for hydrodissection, how it reduces nerve irritation and restores movement, and how a coordinated plan supports lasting outcomes.
Hydrodissection For Radial Tunnel–Related Lateral Elbow Pain: A First-Person Clinical Walkthrough
As Dr. Alex Jimenez, DC, APRN, FNP-BC, CFMP, IFMCP, ATN, CCST, I routinely evaluate persistent lateral elbow and dorsal forearm pain—especially when classic “tennis elbow” does not fit the picture. When a patient reports a dull, burning discomfort in the dorsum of the forearm, worsened by pronation and supination, and tenderness is distal to the lateral epicondyle, I consider involvement of the deep branch of the radial nerve (posterior interosseous nerve) near the radial tunnel and the arcade of Frohse over the supinator muscle.
In the case described below, the patient experienced more than six months of pain. A 1 mL lidocaine test injection delivered to the vicinity of the radial nerve temporarily improved symptoms, corroborating a nerve-entrapment pain generator. From there, we proceeded with ultrasound-guided hydrodissection—a perineural technique using carefully controlled fluid volumes to free and “float” the nerve away from surrounding fascial planes, adhesions, and compressive interfaces.
Why Hydrodissection? Physiologic Rationale And Evidence
Entrapment physiology:
The radial tunnel is a tight anatomical corridor where fascial thickening, muscle hypertonicity, or micro-adhesions can compress the deep branch of the radial nerve.
This compression causes ischemia, mechanical deformation, and neurogenic inflammation—manifesting as burning pain, weakness in wrist or finger extension, and symptom provocation with forearm rotation.
Perineural hydrodissection mechanism:
Using ultrasound guidance, a needle is advanced to the perineural plane—never intraneural—and small, pulsed injections of fluid are delivered circumferentially.
The fluid creates a “halo” effect around the nerve, gently separating it from tight fascial envelopes and adjacent tissues, reducing local mechanical stress and improving microvascular perfusion.
The result is decreased nociceptor activation, improved axoplasmic flow, and the potential restoration of normal neurodynamics during movement (Brown et al., 2022; Cass et al., 2021).
Evidence-based insight:
Ultrasound-guided perineural hydrodissection has been studied in peripheral nerve entrapments, showing favorable short- and mid-term outcomes, especially when combined with rehabilitation to address root causes and movement patterns (Wu et al., 2017; Lam et al., 2021).
The superiority of ultrasound guidance lies in precise needle visualization, reduced risk of intraneural placement, and real-time confirmation of fluid spread (Özçakar et al., 2018).
Clinical Orientation: What I See On Ultrasound
Landmarks:
Brachioradialis lies superficially and laterally; the supinator wraps around the proximal radius; the deep branch of the radial nerve courses between them, just proximal to the arcade of Frohse.
The neurovascular bundle is identified between the brachioradialis and supinator, with the nerve appearing as a honeycomb structure in short axis.
Approach:
I position a linear ultrasound probe for a short-axis view of the deep branch of the radial nerve.
Using an in-plane technique, I introduce a fine needle (often a 25-gauge) under ultrasound visualization, advancing through the brachioradialis toward the perineural space around the nerve.
Confirmation:
I watch for muscle twitching when passing through contractile tissue—expected and typically benign—and constantly verify needle-tip location relative to the nerve.
The target is the perineural plane. We avoid the nerve fascicles themselves. The goal is a circumferential fluid halo that elevates and frees the nerve from adhered tissue.
Step-By-Step Hydrodissection: Perineural, Not Intraneural
Preparation and safety:
Anesthetize the skin with a cold spray or local infiltration.
Strict sterile technique with probe cover and sterile gel.
Real-time ultrasound ensures continuous visualization of the needle path and the nerve.
We check for prior response to diagnostic local anesthetic—useful for confirming the pain generator.
Needle movement and fluid delivery:
I make very small, subtle adjustments of the needle tip while keeping the ultrasound beam aligned.
I pulse small aliquots of fluid—often lidocaine with a minute dose of corticosteroid or buffered saline—to create gentle blunt dissection around the nerve.
I rotate the needle around the nerve’s perimeter (above, lateral, and below) to complete the halo, avoiding direct nerve penetration.
Why these choices?
Lidocaine provides immediate analgesia, facilitating comfortable movement post-procedure.
A small corticosteroid component may reduce perineural inflammation for several weeks, giving tissue time to remodel and patients time to implement corrective rehabilitation (Chang et al., 2019).
The hydrodissection itself is the primary mechanical solution—releasing entrapment and normalizing glide.
Integrative Chiropractic Care: How We Restore Function After Hydrodissection
Hydrodissection relieves the mechanical compression, but patients achieve durable results when we address biomechanics and neuromuscular control. At El Paso’s Injury Medical Clinic PA (Mission Plaza Injury Medical Clinic), I integrate chiropractic, functional rehabilitation, and physical therapy to correct movement patterns that feed radial tunnel stress.
Chiropractic neuro-biomechanical assessment:
I evaluate cervical and thoracic alignment, scapular mechanics, first rib mobility, and radial head mechanics.
Dysfunctions at the cervical spine (particularly C5–C7) can alter motor patterns through the radial nerve distribution; thoracic stiffness can disrupt scapulothoracic rhythm, increasing demand on forearm musculature.
Specific chiropractic techniques and reasoning:
Radial head mobilization: Restores proximal radio-ulnar mechanics, reducing supinator strain on the deep radial nerve during pronation-supination cycles.
Cervical and thoracic adjustments: Improve segmental mobility, reduce aberrant muscle guarding, and normalize descending motor control—beneficial for forearm extensor loading.
First rib and scapular mobilization: Optimizes scapular upward rotation and reduces compensatory forearm overuse.
Physical therapy integration:
Nerve gliding for the radial nerve: Gentle, pain-free sliders that encourage normal neural excursion and reduce post-procedure adhesiogenesis. We avoid aggressive tensioners early to protect the perineural interface (Shacklock, 2005).
Isometric extensor loading: Early-stage isometrics reduce pain via central modulation and prepare tissues for progressive strengthening.
Eccentric-concentric forearm training: Targets extensor carpi radialis brevis/longus and supinator-pronator balance, gradually building resilience.
Proprioceptive and motor control drills: Wrist stabilization, scapular setting, and kinetic chain integration to reduce forearm overload during work or sport.
Soft tissue and myofascial methods:
Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization and precise myofascial release around the supinator-brachioradialis interval can complement hydrodissection by promoting glide and lymphatic flow.
Dry needling may be considered for myofascial trigger points, performed conservatively to avoid nerve irritation.
Medical Oversight With Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD: Safety And Coordination
Our multidisciplinary clinic benefits from the seasoned medical direction of Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD (Board Certified in Internal Medicine, NPI #1164426749, Texas MD License #J2933), who has practiced internal medicine for over 40 years. She collaborates with me across personal injury, musculoskeletal pain, and functional recovery settings.
Role of medical oversight:
Ensures patient selection, contraindication screening (e.g., bleeding disorders, anticoagulant use, active infection), and medically appropriate use of local anesthetics and corticosteroids during hydrodissection.
Coordinates diagnostic frameworks and follow-up schedules, including consideration of imaging if atypical features emerge (e.g., profound weakness suggesting true posterior interosseous nerve palsy).
Provides backup strategies for complex cases where systemic factors—like diabetes or inflammatory conditions—increase neuropathic vulnerability.
Why this matters:
Interprofessional collaboration increases procedural safety and supports evidence-based care—from diagnosis to post-procedure rehabilitation—while keeping medication and hormonal therapy in the background unless clearly indicated for comorbidities.
Functional Medicine In Context: Keeping It Focused On Movement
Although my credentials include advanced functional medicine training, at El Paso Back Clinic we focus on movement-based solutions and reserve metabolic or hormonal interventions for select cases. Where appropriate:
We may recommend anti-inflammatory nutrition basics to support tissue healing.
We prioritize sleep optimization, stress modulation, and graded activity, all shown to affect pain perception and recovery trajectories (Clarke et al., 2023).
Supplements, if used, are adjuncts—not replacements—for chiropractic and physical therapy.
Personal Injury Care: Documentation And Recovery Pathways
In personal injury cases, clear causation and precise documentation are crucial:
High-resolution ultrasound documentation of nerve appearance, surrounding fascial tightness, and fluid spread during hydrodissection.
Objective measures: Grip strength, dynamometry, range-of-motion in pronation-supination, and functional tests tied to occupational demands.
Return-to-work plans: Staged exposure with ergonomic coaching and task modifications to prevent recurrence.
My Clinical Observations: What Patients Experience And Why
Drawing from years of care at El Paso Back Clinic and my clinical notes shared via our platforms, including our website and professional profiles:
Patients with dorsal forearm burning pain often report rapid reduction in symptoms after hydrodissection, particularly when the fluid halo is well established and the radial tunnel is decompressed.
Those who adhere to nerve glides, proximal kinetic chain correction, and graded strengthening experience more durable outcomes.
When cervical or scapular mechanics are neglected, symptoms tend to creep back during high-repetition tasks. Addressing the whole chain prevents over-reliance on the forearm extensors.
Safety Considerations And How We Minimize Risk
Perineural, not intraneural: We never inject directly into the nerve fascicles; ultrasound confirms placement.
Conservative volumes: Adequate to create separation without excessive tissue pressure.
Real-time visualization: The needle tip is visible throughout the procedure; we observe and respect tissue twitch.
Post-procedure monitoring: We encourage gentle movement the same day to promote neural glide and reduce stiffness. We advise patients on transient numbness from lidocaine and set expectations for gradual improvement over days to weeks.
When Hydrodissection Is Appropriate—And When It’s Not
Appropriate when:
Pain localizes distally in the dorsal forearm, worse with rotation, and examination indicates radial tunnel irritation.
The patient demonstrates temporary relief with a diagnostic local anesthetic block.
There is no frank motor deficit suggesting a complete posterior interosseous nerve palsy requiring surgical evaluation.
Consider alternatives or adjuncts when:
Pure lateral epicondylitis without nerve involvement is present—then tendinopathy protocols dominate the plan (eccentric loading, manual therapy).
Systemic neuropathies or inflammatory arthropathies are the primary drivers—then medical and rheumatologic collaboration guides care.
Putting It All Together: A Patient-Centered Care Pathway
Initial visit:
Thorough history, functional assessment, and targeted ultrasound of the radial tunnel.
Rule in nerve involvement with examination maneuvers and consider a small test lidocaine injection.
Procedure day:
Ultrasound-guided perineural hydrodissection using a fine needle and pulsed fluid delivery.
Immediate post-procedure instructions: gentle range of motion; avoid aggressive loading on day one.
Rehabilitation phase:
Begin radial nerve sliders, isometric extensor work, and scapular posture drills.
Progress to eccentric-concentric strengthening and functional task replication.
Maintenance:
Address workstation ergonomics, grip variation strategies, and sport technique refinements.
Periodic rechecks to ensure sustained neurodynamics and joint mechanics.
Summary
Today’s post provides a transparent, first-person account of how I identify and treat radial tunnel–related lateral elbow pain using ultrasound-guided hydrodissection, followed by integrative chiropractic and physical therapy. The core physiologic goals are to reduce perineural compression, normalize nerve glide, and retrain movement patterns across the kinetic chain. With medical oversight by Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, we execute a safe, coordinated plan that emphasizes manual care, exercise therapy, and patient education—keeping medications and hormones in the background unless clinically necessary. This integrated approach delivers rapid symptom relief and durable function for forearm-burning pain aggravated by pronation and supination.
Key Takeaways
Hydrodissection creates a perineural fluid halo that frees the deep branch of the radial nerve in the radial tunnel.
Ultrasound guidance improves safety and precision and confirms fluid spread.
Integrative chiropractic and physical therapy restore biomechanics, ensuring durable results.
Medical oversight ensures appropriate selection, safety, and follow-up, especially in complex cases.
As a practitioner dedicated to the forefront of integrative and functional medicine, I constantly seek the latest evidence-based research to better serve my patients. It is also my privilege to share the work of leading researchers. I translate their advanced findings into practical, understandable knowledge for you.
My name is Dr. Alex Jimenez, and I hold several credentials, including DC, APRN, FNP-BC, CFMP, IFMCP, ATN, and CCST. At our clinic, Injury Medical Clinic PA, we pride ourselves on a multidisciplinary approach. This means we combine various specialties in one location to provide comprehensive care. Furthermore, our team is under the medical direction of Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, an internist with over 40 years of experience. This team integrates chiropractic care, functional medicine, rehabilitation, and medical oversight to create personalized treatment plans. Today, I want to share insights into an advanced technique for treating chronic tendinopathy. We often see this condition in our practice.
Understanding Brisement and High-Volume Injections for Tendinopathy
Abstract
This educational post discusses a minimally invasive procedure called brisement, or high-volume injection (HVI), for treating chronic tendinopathies like Achilles and patellar tendinopathy. As Dr. Jimenez, I will guide you through the physiological basis of this technique and explain how it differs from other treatments like fenestration. We will also cover the procedure itself, from patient positioning to the injection process. We use insights from leading researchers like Dr. Fran O’Connor. The focus is on the mechanical and physiological effects of the injection, particularly hydrostatic decompression and the disruption of problematic neovessels and neonerves that contribute to chronic tendon pain. We will also discuss how this innovative medical procedure integrates seamlessly with our chiropractic and rehabilitative care at Injury Medical Clinic. This promotes optimal healing, restores function, and provides long-term relief for our patients.
What Is Tendinopathy, and Why Does It Become Chronic?
Before we dive into the specifics of the procedure, let’s understand the condition it treats: tendinopathy. Many people use the term “tendinitis,” which implies inflammation. However, in chronic cases, we often find not active inflammation but degeneration and a failed healing response within the tendon. This is more accurately called tendinopathy.
In a healthy healing process, the body repairs damaged tissue. However, with chronic tendinopathy, this process goes awry. The body attempts to heal the area by growing new, disorganized blood vessels and nerve endings. This process is called neovascularization and neoinnervation. These new structures, or neovessels and neonerves, are not beneficial. In fact, they are often the primary source of the persistent pain that patients experience. The disorganized tissue and these new nerve endings create a cycle of pain and dysfunction. This cycle is difficult to break with conventional treatments alone.
At our clinic, we often see athletes, laborers, and individuals with chronic tendon pain from repetitive strain. My clinical observations have shown that conditions like Achilles tendinopathy can be incredibly stubborn, significantly impacting a person’s ability to walk, run, or even stand comfortably. This is where advanced interventions become necessary.
Introducing Brisement: A Targeted Hydrostatic Approach
So, what is brisement, also called a high-volume injection (HVI)? It’s an advanced, ultrasound-guided technique designed to address the root cause of chronic tendon pain. The term “brisement” is French for “breaking” or “disruption.” This procedure is distinct from other needle-based treatments like fenestration or tenotomy. In those treatments, the goal is to repeatedly puncture the tendon itself to stimulate a healing response.
With brisement, the focus is entirely different. We are not targeting the tendon directly. Instead, the needle is carefully guided to the space next to the tendon—specifically, the interface between the tendon and adjacent soft tissues, like the paratenon (the sheath around the tendon) or a nearby fat pad (such as Kager’s fat pad behind the Achilles tendon).
The goal of brisement is twofold:
Mechanical Disruption: To physically break up the fine, pain-causing neovessels and neonerves that have grown into the area.
Hydrostatic Decompression: To use the pressure of the injected fluid to separate tissues that have become adhered or scarred together, freeing the tendon and relieving compressive forces.
Think of it as using a precise stream of fluid to gently peel apart layers of tissue that are stuck together. At the same time, we wash away the very structures that transmit pain signals.
The Brisement Procedure: A Step-by-Step Journey
Drawing from the work of experts like Dr. O’Connor, let’s walk through how this procedure is performed, illustrating the precision and care required. For this example, we’ll focus on Achilles tendinopathy, a common and challenging condition.
1. Patient Preparation and Imaging
The first step is proper positioning. The patient is typically placed prone (lying face down), with their feet hanging off the edge of the treatment table. This position provides excellent access to the Achilles tendon. The area is then meticulously prepped and draped to maintain sterility.
Next, we use a high-frequency ultrasound probe to visualize the tendon. This is not just a preliminary step; ultrasound guidance is critical throughout the entire procedure. We examine the tendon in both long-axis (lengthwise) and short-axis (cross-section) views. This allows us to:
Pinpoint the exact area of tendinopathy, which often appears as a thickened, disorganized, and sometimes darker region on the ultrasound image.
Identify the crucial interface between the anterior (front) border of the Achilles tendon and the underlying Kager’s fat pad, which is our target zone.
2. Anesthesia
Once the target is identified, we ensure the patient’s comfort. A very fine needle (typically 25- or 27-gauge) is used to administer a local anesthetic, such as lidocaine, to numb the skin and the subcutaneous tissues along the planned needle path. This helps keep the main part of the procedure as painless as possible.
3. The High-Volume Injection
With the area anesthetized, the main procedure begins. A slightly larger needle (21- or 22-gauge) is used for the high-volume injection. The injectate is a combination of a local anesthetic (like lidocaine, for continued pain control) and a large volume of sterile normal saline.
Under continuous ultrasound guidance, the needle is advanced to the target space—the potential space anterior to the Achilles tendon. What happens next is the core of the brisement technique.
As the fluid is injected, we can see it in real-time on the ultrasound screen. The fluid begins to spread, creating a visible separation between the tendon and the adjacent fat pad. This is hydrostatic decompression in action. You can literally watch the layers of tissue peel apart.
The pressure and volume of the fluid mechanically “strip” or disrupt the delicate neovessels and neonerves that have infiltrated this space. By breaking these connections, we are directly targeting the source of the pain.
The amount of fluid used can vary significantly, with literature describing volumes anywhere from 5 to 100 cc. The endpoint is determined by either patient tolerance or when we feel significant resistance to further injection. This indicates the space has been sufficiently filled and decompressed. While large volumes are effective, caution is necessary to avoid complications like tendon rupture or compartment syndrome. Therefore, precise, real-time guidance is non-negotiable.
The Integrative Approach: How Chiropractic Care Complements Brisement
A procedure like brisement is a powerful tool. However, in our integrative model at Injury Medical Clinic, it’s one part of a larger, more comprehensive recovery strategy. This is where our expertise in chiropractic, physical therapy, and functional medicine comes into play. Dr. Cardenas provides essential medical oversight for these procedures. Meanwhile, my role focuses on restoring the body’s biomechanical function.
Here’s how we integrate this care:
Addressing the Root Biomechanical Cause: Why did the tendinopathy develop in the first place? Often, it’s due to underlying biomechanical imbalances. This could be poor foot mechanics (like overpronation), pelvic misalignment, or muscular imbalances in the kinetic chain (the interconnected system of the feet, ankles, knees, hips, and spine). As a chiropractor, my first step is to perform a thorough biomechanical assessment. I use techniques like spinal and extremity adjustments, soft tissue mobilization, and myofascial release to correct these imbalances. By restoring proper joint alignment and muscle function, we reduce abnormal load on the healing tendon and help prevent re-injury.
Post-Procedure Rehabilitation: After the brisement procedure has disrupted the pain-generating tissues, the body needs to heal correctly. This is where a structured rehabilitation program is crucial. Our physical therapy team designs a progressive loading program. This starts with gentle range-of-motion exercises to maintain mobility without stressing the tendon. It then progresses to eccentric exercises (lengthening the muscle-tendon unit under load), which have been shown to stimulate proper collagen remodeling and strengthen the tendon (Alfredson, H., Pietilä, T., Jonsson, P., & Lorentzon, R., 1998).
Enhancing Healing with Functional Medicine: From a functional medicine perspective, we look at the body’s internal environment. Healing requires the right nutrients. We may recommend specific supplements like Vitamin C, manganese, zinc, and certain amino acids (proline, glycine) that are essential building blocks for collagen, the primary protein in tendons. We also focus on reducing systemic inflammation through diet and lifestyle modifications, which creates a more favorable environment for tissue repair.
Pain and Inflammation Management: In the initial phases after the procedure, we use non-pharmacological methods to manage discomfort and support healing. This can include modalities like laser therapy or acoustic wave therapy, which can help modulate inflammation and enhance cellular repair processes. Chiropractic adjustments also strongly affect the nervous system, helping downregulate pain signals and improve overall function.
By combining the targeted medical intervention of brisement with holistic chiropractic and rehabilitative care, we create a powerful synergy. The injection provides the “reset” by eliminating the chronic pain source. Meanwhile, our therapies address the underlying cause and guide the body through a robust, complete healing process. This integrated model, overseen by Dr. Cardenas and implemented by our dedicated team, ensures that we are not just treating a symptom. We are restoring the patient to full, pain-free function.
Barbotage for Calcific Tendinopathy Relief in El Paso
Abstract
In this educational post, I will explore the advanced, ultrasound-guided procedure known as barbotage, a highly effective treatment for the often debilitating pain caused by calcific tendinopathy. We will journey through the physiological basis of this condition, detailing what happens when calcium deposits form within tendons, most commonly in the shoulder’s rotator cuff. I will explain the meticulous techniques involved in barbotage, including both single-needle and double-needle approaches, and share insights from leading researchers to illustrate the procedure in action.
Furthermore, I will connect this advanced intervention to our integrative care model, explaining how chiropractic care, rehabilitation, and medical oversight work in concert to restore function, alleviate pain, and promote long-term musculoskeletal health. This post is designed to provide patients and practitioners with a clear, evidence-based understanding of how we target and resolve calcific tendinopathy using modern, minimally invasive methods.
As a practitioner with a diverse background spanning chiropractic, advanced practice nursing, and functional medicine, I am driven to pursue the most effective, evidence-based treatments for my patients. My goal is to bridge gaps between medical disciplines to create a cohesive, powerful treatment plan. Today, I want to share insights on a sophisticated technique that exemplifies this integrative approach: ultrasound-guided barbotage for calcific tendinopathy. Drawing from the work of leading experts in the field, I aim to demystify this procedure and show how it fits into a comprehensive strategy for musculoskeletal recovery.
At our practice, Injury Medical Clinic, this philosophy is at the core of everything we do. Under the medical direction of Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, a seasoned internist, our team provides a distinctive combination of care. We integrate the diagnostic and therapeutic skills of internal medicine with the hands-on, biomechanical focus of chiropractic, functional medicine, and targeted rehabilitation. This multidisciplinary framework allows us to address conditions like calcific tendinopathy not just as isolated issues, but as part of a whole-person health picture. While we may utilize advanced procedures like barbotage, our primary focus remains on restoring function through conservative means like chiropractic adjustments and physical therapy, using medical interventions as a powerful adjunct when necessary.
Understanding Calcific Tendinopathy: When Calcium Invades Tendons
Before we get into the procedure itself, it’s crucial to understand the condition it treats. Calcific tendinopathy is a disorder characterized by the deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals within a tendon. While it can occur in various locations, such as the patellar tendon in the knee or the gluteus medius tendon in the hip, it is most commonly diagnosed in the rotator cuff tendons, particularly the supraspinatus tendon.
Physiologically, this isn’t just a simple calcium buildup. The process is believed to occur in distinct phases:
Pre-calcific Stage: This is a silent phase where cellular changes occur within the tendon, creating an environment ripe for calcification. The tissue undergoes a metaplastic transformation in which tendon cells (tenocytes) change into cartilage-producing cells (chondrocytes).
Formative Phase: During this stage, the chondrocytes begin to produce a matrix that then calcifies. Calcium crystals are deposited, forming chalky, non-inflammatory deposits within the tendon fibers. These deposits can be hard and well-defined.
Resorptive Phase: This is often the most painful phase. The body initiates an inflammatory response to reabsorb the calcium. Phagocytic cells, like macrophages, are recruited to the site to “eat away” at the deposit. The deposit becomes softer and more paste-like, and increased pressure and inflammation within the tendon can cause severe, acute pain.
Post-calcific Stage: Once the calcium is resorbed, the space is filled with granulation tissue, which eventually remodels into new tendon tissue.
The pain associated with calcific tendinopathy is not from the calcium itself, but from the mechanical pressure it creates within the tendon and the intense inflammatory reaction during the resorptive phase. Ultrasound can visualize these deposits with stunning clarity: bright, hyperechoic structures that cast a dark acoustic shadow behind them. This shadow is a key diagnostic marker, as it signifies a dense object blocking ultrasound waves from penetrating deeper.
Barbotage: A Precision-Guided Solution
Barbotage, a French term meaning “to bubble” or “to splash,” is an elegant and precise procedure designed to physically break down and aspirate these calcium deposits under real-time ultrasound guidance. The goal is to decompress the tendon, alleviate the inflammatory pressure, and accelerate the body’s natural healing process.
The technique involves repeatedly injecting a solution (typically saline) into the deposit and then aspirating the resulting calcium-laden fluid. Insights and video demonstrations from my colleague, Dr. Nate Nye, offer an exceptional window into how this procedure is performed with meticulous care.
The Tools and Techniques of Barbotage
Two primary methods exist for performing barbotage, each with its advantages.
Two-Needle Technique:
The first needle is inserted into the lower part of the calcium deposit.
A second needle is inserted parallel and just above the first, creating a “washing circuit.”
Saline, often warmed to improve efficacy, is injected through one needle to dissolve the deposit.
The pressure from the injection forces the liquefied, milky calcium out through the second needle and into a collection syringe.
This continuous flushing allows for efficient, complete evacuation of softer deposits.
Single-Needle Technique:
A single, slightly larger gauge needle is inserted directly into the calcium deposit.
The clinician alternates between injecting a small amount of saline to liquefy the calcium and aspirating to draw the mixture back into the same syringe.
This method is often combined with fenestration, which involves repeatedly puncturing the deposit with the needle tip to mechanically break up harder, more consolidated calcifications.
The choice between these techniques often depends on the consistency of the calcium. Soft, paste-like deposits are ideal for aspiration, and you can see the satisfying return of a chalky, white fluid into the syringe. Hard, rock-like deposits, however, may not yield much fluid. In these cases, the primary therapeutic action comes from the fenestration, which breaks the deposit into smaller fragments that the body can then more easily reabsorb over time.
A Step-by-Step Look at an Ultrasound-Guided Barbotage Procedure
Let’s walk through the procedure as demonstrated by Dr. Nye, which showcases the single-needle technique. This narrative provides a clear picture of the precision and care required.
Step 1: Preparation and Sterile Field
The foundation of any successful invasive procedure is impeccable preparation. The patient is positioned to optimally expose the rotator cuff, often with their arm placed behind their back. The skin is thoroughly cleaned with an antiseptic like chlorhexidine, and a sterile field is established. The ultrasound probe itself is covered with a sterile sheath, and sterile gel is used to ensure a clean interface and clear imaging.
Step 2: Anesthetizing the Pathway
Patient comfort is paramount. Before the main procedure, a local anesthetic (like lidocaine) is injected. Using ultrasound guidance, the needle is tracked in real time as it advances through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and deltoid muscle. The anesthetic is carefully deposited in the subacromial bursa—the space above the rotator cuff—and along the planned needle trajectory. This not only numbs the area but also helps to hydro-dissect tissues, creating a clearer path for the subsequent needle.
Step 3: Targeting and Fenestrating the Deposit
With the area anesthetized, the main procedure begins. A new, slightly larger needle is introduced along the same track. The clinician meticulously guides the needle tip directly into the heart of the calcific deposit, which is clearly visible on the ultrasound screen.
Here, the mechanical work starts. The clinician performs fenestration, repeatedly puncturing and breaking up the deposit with the needle. Dr. Nye’s technique demonstrates a crucial point: he moves the ultrasound probe to view the deposit from both a long-axis and short-axis perspective. This ensures a thorough, three-dimensional breakdown of the entire calcification, not just one plane. As he fenestrates, he injects saline to help dissolve the calcium and create a slurry.
Step 4: Aspiration and Lavage
Throughout the fenestration process, the clinician periodically pulls back on the syringe plunger to aspirate. If the deposit is soft, a milky, calcium-rich fluid will be drawn into the syringe. This process of injecting and aspirating—the “barbotage” itself—is repeated until no more calcium can be withdrawn. Even if little calcium is returned, the mechanical disruption and flushing are highly therapeutic. A key observation during this phase is the change in the ultrasound image. As the dense calcium is broken up, the dark acoustic shadow behind it begins to diminish, indicating that the ultrasound beam can now penetrate deeper. This is a real-time sign of a successful procedure.
Following the barbotage, it is common practice to perform a subacromial corticosteroid injection. After the mechanical irritation of the procedure, a reactive bursitis or inflammatory flare-up can occur. Injecting a small amount of a corticosteroid (like Kenalog) mixed with lidocaine into the bursa helps to preemptively manage this inflammation, significantly improving post-procedure comfort and facilitating a smoother recovery.
The Role of Integrative Chiropractic Care in Recovery
While barbotage is a powerful intervention for the calcific deposit itself, it does not exist in a vacuum. True and lasting recovery requires addressing the underlying biomechanical issues that may have contributed to the tendon pathology in the first place. This is where our integrative care model truly shines.
At our clinic, we manage patients undergoing such a procedure holistically. As a Doctor of Chiropractic and advanced practice provider, I can oversee both the biomechanical and medical aspects of their care.
Chiropractic and Biomechanical Assessment: Why did this patient develop calcific tendinopathy? Often, the answer lies in faulty movement patterns, poor posture, or instability in the shoulder girdle. As a chiropractor, I perform a detailed assessment of the cervical and thoracic spine, scapular (shoulder blade) mechanics, and overall shoulder joint function. Spinal misalignments, particularly in the neck and upper back, can alter nerve function and affect shoulder muscle control, leading to chronic impingement and tendon stress.
Targeted Chiropractic Adjustments: Gentle, specific chiropractic adjustments restore proper motion to the spine and shoulder complex. By improving joint mechanics and reducing nerve interference, we can create a better environment for the rotator cuff to function without abnormal stress, reducing the risk of recurrence.
Soft Tissue and Rehabilitation Protocols: Following a procedure like barbotage, a structured rehabilitation program is essential. Our team guides patients through exercises designed to:
Restore Range of Motion: Gentle, pain-free movements to prevent stiffness.
Strengthen the Rotator Cuff and Scapular Stabilizers: A progressive program to rebuild strength and endurance in the muscles that support the shoulder. This is critical for preventing future impingement and tendon overload.
Improve Posture and Movement Patterns: We re-educate the patient on proper ergonomics for daily activities, work, and exercise to eliminate the root causes of the initial injury.
This comprehensive approach ensures that we are not just removing the calcium deposit; we are rebuilding a stronger, more resilient shoulder. Dr. Cardenas’s medical oversight ensures all treatments are performed safely and appropriately, with careful consideration of the patient’s overall health, while my chiropractic and functional medicine expertise focuses on restoring optimal function and preventing future problems. This synergy between advanced medical procedures and foundational chiropractic and rehabilitative care leads to the best possible outcomes for our patients.
References
O’Connor, F. (n.d.). Barbotage Technique. [Video demonstration and description within presentation]. As referenced in McNabb, J. W. (Ed.). Textbook on musculoskeletal ultrasound.
Nye, N. (n.d.). Ultrasound-Guided Barbotage of Calcific Tendinopathy. [Video demonstration].
From Emergency Discharge to Measurable Recovery: How Integrative Care Breaks the Wait-and-See Loop
Abstract
Conventional personal injury treatment often sends accident victims home from the emergency department with muscle relaxers and NSAIDs. Those medicines can hide immediate discomfort. They do little to repair joint, ligament, nerve, or cellular injury. This article explains why that wait-and-see loop can stall healing and weaken a claim. It then follows the path used at Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Injury Medical Clinic PA in El Paso: instant multimodal assessment, chiropractic mechanical alignment, regenerative therapies, tissue-rebuilding peptides, laser therapy, dual FNP-BC and DC care under one roof, SOAP notes, functional impairment mapping, and a three-phase plan from acute pain to Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI).
The Wait-and-See Loop After the Emergency Department
A crash can sprain ligaments, bruise discs, pinch nerves, and knock the spine out of line. The emergency department is built to find life-threatening problems. If no fracture needs surgery, many people go home with rest, ice, a muscle relaxer, and an anti-inflammatory pill. Pain may drop for a short time. Structural and cellular injury can remain.
When discomfort fades, people may think they are fine. Days or weeks later, stiffness, headaches, numbness, or sleep problems appear. Insurers often treat that gap as proof the crash was minor or that something else caused the symptoms. A delay can also let a fresh sprain become a long-term problem. That is how wait-and-see care can leave a person with both a slower recovery and a weaker claim.
Why Delayed Care Hurts Healing and the Record
Personal injury claims rest on records. Strong files show three facts: the crash caused the injury, care started soon, and treatment was reasonable and tracked over time. Late or thin notes give an adjuster room to argue that the injury was small, old, or unrelated.
Notes that list range of motion, nerve findings, daily limits, and progress help turn “I hurt” into measurable facts. Clinics that document function—work, driving, sleep, and lifting—give attorneys a clearer picture of damages. Thorough documentation can support a stronger settlement picture because it shows medical need and real-life impact, not only a pain score.
Harmonized Care Under One Roof
Dr. Alexander Jimenez, DC, APRN, FNP-BC, CCST, CFMP, IFMCP, ATN, is dually credentialed as a Family Nurse Practitioner and a Doctor of Chiropractic. That mix lets patients receive structural care and medical care in one place. They do not have to coordinate with separate clinics for alignment work, medical review, imaging decisions, and injury documentation.
This dual-scope model matters after a crash because injuries are rarely only “a sore neck.” Joints may be restricted. Soft tissue may be inflamed. Nerves may be irritated. Sleep and inflammation can slow repair. A provider who can examine mechanics and medical risk in the same visit can build one plan instead of two disconnected plans.
Medical Direction With Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas
Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, is board-certified in internal medicine (NPI #1164426749, Texas MD License #J2933). She has more than 40 years of experience as an internist and serves as medical director and collaborative physician at Injury Medical Clinic PA in El Paso, Texas.
This multidisciplinary setup is common in integrative and injury-care clinics. An MD provides medical direction. A chiropractor leads mechanical and functional care. Dr. Jimenez provides chiropractic care, functional medicine, personal injury documentation, and rehabilitation guidance. Dr. Cardenas provides medical oversight, risk review, and coordination for advanced services. The team also integrates rehabilitation and related injury services so care stays aligned under one roof.
Instant Multimodal Assessment
The clinic interrupts the wait-and-see cycle with an early, complete exam rather than a “come back if it still hurts” packet.
A typical first visit includes:
History of the collision and delayed symptoms
Orthopedic and neurologic testing
Range-of-motion and posture checks
Review of emergency-department notes and imaging when needed
Mapping of joints, muscles, ligaments, and nerves involved
Dr. Jimenez has observed that many accident injuries are missed at first because they involve soft tissue rather than a broken bone. Whiplash, ligament sprain, and nerve irritation may not show on a basic X-ray. That is why early motion testing and timely follow-up imaging matter.
From that exam, care can combine chiropractic mechanical alignment with modern medical procedures. Regenerative therapies, tissue-rebuilding peptides, and laser therapy may be added when the findings support them. Functional medicine looks at sleep, nutrition, and inflammation that can stall repair.
How Integrative Chiropractic Care Fits
Integrative chiropractic care is the mechanical core. Gentle adjustments, soft-tissue work, traction, and spinal decompression aim to restore joint motion, ease nerve pressure, and reduce muscle guarding. When the spine and joints move better, blood flow and nerve signals improve. That gives regenerative and rehab work a better chance to succeed.
Integrative chiropractic does not stand alone. The clinic pairs it with:
Regenerative therapies such as PRP, platelet-rich fibrin, or microfragmented adipose tissue when medically appropriate, to support tendon, ligament, and joint repair
Tissue-rebuilding peptides studied for signaling related to inflammation, collagen support, and blood vessel growth
Laser therapy (photobiomodulation / MLS laser) that uses light to support cellular energy and local circulation
Rehabilitation to rebuild strength, balance, and work-ready movement
Medical oversight from Dr. Cardenas for safety, referrals, and internal medicine issues that can affect healing
The point is simple: line up the frame, then support the tissue that must rebuild.
SOAP Notes and Functional Impairment Mapping
Even with proper care, a claim can still be denied if the chart is thin. The clinic uses detailed SOAP notes to track a patient from the initial injury to MMI.
Subjective: pain, sleep, work limits, and daily tasks in the patient’s words
Objective: motion degrees, strength, spasm, and neurologic signs
Assessment: how findings link to the crash
Plan: why the next step is needed
Functional impairment mapping goes further. It tracks how the injury changes driving, sitting, lifting, and household tasks. Those details help show why care continues and when the patient reaches MMI—the point at which further major improvement is not expected. Clear notes also help explain any pause in care so insurers cannot treat every gap as proof the injury was gone.
Attorneys look for this kind of file because it is easier to defend. It shows causation, timely care, and a reasoned path rather than a stack of pain pills.
A Scannable Three-Phase Recovery Plan
Recovery is easier to follow when it has stages. The clinic uses a phase-by-phase approach that patients and attorneys can scan.
Phase 1: Acute pain alleviation (days 1–14)
Calm inflammation and muscle spasm
Restore basic joint motion with gentle chiropractic care
Use laser therapy and supportive medical care as needed
Start a paper trail that links symptoms to the crash
Protect sleep and basic daily function
Care in this window helps prevent the “it must not have been serious” argument. It also reduces the chance that a sprain becomes long-term instability.
Phase 2: Cellular regeneration and stability (weeks 3–8)
Continue alignment work so tissue heals in a better position
Add regenerative therapies or peptides when the exam supports them
Use laser and soft-tissue methods to support repair
Address nutrition, hydration, and inflammation through functional medicine
Recheck motion, strength, and nerve findings
Feeling a little better is not the finish line. The team looks for tissue stability, not only a lower pain score.
Phase 3: Functional rehabilitation to MMI (8+ weeks)
Build strength, endurance, and work or driving tolerance
Correct posture and movement patterns that keep re-irritating the injury
Document remaining limits and future care needs
Reach MMI with a clear summary of what improved and what remains
MMI does not always mean perfect. It means the chart can show the true end of expected medical gain. That honesty protects both the patient and the claim.
Clinical Observations From Dr. Alexander Jimenez
From years of accident and sports-injury work in El Paso, Dr. Jimenez notes that people often look “fine” on a first X-ray and still have ligament, disc, or nerve injury that shows up later. He also notes that care works best when mechanical correction and cellular support run together. Adjusting a joint while nearby tissue stays inflamed or poorly supplied can stall progress. Pairing chiropractic care with regenerative tools, peptides, laser therapy, and medical direction is meant to close that gap.
The same observations apply to documentation. A note that only says “patient improved” is weak. A note that shows degrees of motion gained, tasks the patient can now do, and why the next phase is needed is useful in both the treatment room and a settlement file. Dual-credentialed care, plus medical direction from Dr. Cardenas, lets the clinic tell that story from both a chiropractic and a medical viewpoint.
A Clearer Path From Injury to MMI
Conventional personal injury treatment often keeps accident victims in a prolonged state of uncertainty. Muscle relaxers and NSAIDs can mask immediate discomfort while structural and cellular injury go unaddressed. Dr. Jimenez’s clinic interrupts that cycle with instant multimodal assessment, harmonized structural and medical care under one roof, and objective tracking from first injury to MMI.
The journey is straightforward: ease acute pain in days 1–14, support cellular regeneration and stability in weeks 3–8, then rebuild function from week 8 onward. For people in El Paso facing auto or work injuries, that structure can protect both recovery and the record that supports fair compensation.
Regenerative Options for Disc Herniations After Car and Work Accidents: How PRP, MFAT, and Integrative Chiropractic Care Support Recovery
Abstract: Car crashes and workplace accidents often damage the soft cushions between the bones of the spine. These injuries can create disc protrusions, extrusions, or tears in the outer ring of the disc. Many people feel sharp pain, numbness, or weakness that travels into the arms or legs. This article explains the most common types of these disc problems. It also shows how regenerative treatments such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), microfragmented adipose tissue (MFAT), platelet-fibrin products, and supportive IV infusions can help the body repair tissue.
Integrative chiropractic care plays a key role by improving spinal movement and reducing pressure on the injured discs. At Injury Medical Clinic PA in El Paso, Texas, a team led by Dr. Alexander Jimenez and Medical Director Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas combines these approaches for personal injury patients. The goal is clearer healing without jumping straight to surgery when possible.
Understanding Disc Herniations After Accidents:
Spinal discs sit between the vertebrae like shock absorbers. Each disc has a tough outer ring called the annulus fibrosus and a soft, gel-like center called the nucleus pulposus. Sudden forces from a motor vehicle accident or a heavy lift at work can crack or push this material out of place. When that happens, the disc may press on nearby nerves and cause pain, tingling, or muscle weakness.
These injuries are common after rear-end collisions, side impacts, or falls at work. The good news is that many people improve with non-surgical care. Regenerative therapies use the patient’s own blood or fat tissue to deliver growth factors that support repair. Integrative chiropractic care helps restore proper joint motion so the disc can heal under less stress. Together they form a practical path for many patients.
Common Types of Disc Injuries from MVAs and Work Accidents:
Doctors describe disc injuries by how far the material has moved and whether the outer ring is torn. The three types most often linked to trauma are protrusions, extrusions, and annular tears.
Disc protrusion: The soft center pushes against the outer ring but stays mostly contained. The base of the bulge is wider than the tip. This creates a localized bump that can still irritate a nerve.
Disc extrusion: The soft material breaks through the outer ring and extends farther into the spinal canal. A narrow neck often connects the extruded piece to the rest of the disc. This type can put stronger pressure on nerves.
Annular tear: A crack forms in the tough outer ring. Even without a large bulge, the tear can leak inflammatory chemicals or allow the soft center to start moving outward. Tears are frequently found with both protrusions and extrusions.
These patterns appear on MRI after many car accidents and workplace injuries. Trauma can happen in a single hard impact or from repeated strain that finally overwhelms the disc.
How Accidents Cause These Injuries:
In a car crash, the body is thrown forward or sideways while the seat belt holds the torso. This rapid bending and twisting loads the discs unevenly. The same forces occur when a worker lifts a heavy object incorrectly or falls from a height. The outer ring can tear, and the soft center can shift. Once the disc is damaged, nearby muscles tighten, and joints lose normal motion. This extra stress can slow natural healing.
Early evaluation with imaging and a full exam helps match the right treatment to the exact type and severity of the injury.
Regenerative Therapies That Support Healing:
Regenerative treatments aim to repair tissue rather than only mask pain. They use concentrated cells and growth factors taken from the patient’s own body.
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP): A small amount of blood is drawn and spun in a centrifuge to concentrate the platelets. These platelets release growth factors that calm inflammation and encourage collagen production. PRP can be injected near the disc or into the epidural space under imaging guidance. Studies show it can reduce pain and improve function in many people with herniated discs. Results vary with the size of the tear and how long the problem has existed.
Platelet-Fibrin Products (PFP) and Microfragmented Adipose Tissue (MFAT): PFP creates a natural scaffold that holds growth factors in place longer. MFAT is made from a small sample of the patient’s own fat. The fat is processed into tiny pieces that contain supportive cells and signaling molecules. These materials can help larger or more chronic disc problems by providing structure and reducing ongoing inflammation. Early research and clinical use suggest they support matrix repair inside the disc.
Supportive IV Infusions: Intravenous nutrient and anti-inflammatory infusions deliver vitamins, minerals, and other compounds directly into the bloodstream. They help lower overall inflammation and supply building blocks the body needs for tissue repair. When combined with local regenerative injections, IV support can improve the healing environment for the spine.
Efficacy depends on the severity of the tear, the patient’s overall health, and consistent follow-up care. Mild-to-moderate protrusions and annular tears often respond best. More severe extrusions may still improve enough to avoid or delay surgery.
The Role of Integrative Chiropractic Care:
Chiropractic care restores proper motion to the spinal joints and reduces mechanical stress on the injured disc. Gentle adjustments, spinal decompression, and soft-tissue work help the vertebrae move more freely. This unloading allows the regenerative materials to work in a better environment.
Patients often notice less muscle guarding and improved posture after a series of visits. When chiropractic care is paired with PRP or MFAT, the combination addresses both the biology of the tissue and the biomechanics of the spine. Clinical observations show that many personal-injury patients regain function faster with this dual approach.
A Team Approach at Injury Medical Clinic PA in El Paso.
At Injury Medical Clinic PA, a coordinated team delivers care. Dr. Alexander Jimenez, DC, APRN, FNP-BC, CCST, CFMP, IFMCP, ATN, provides the chiropractic and functional-medicine side of treatment. He focuses on spinal alignment, rehabilitation exercises, and root-cause factors such as inflammation and nutrition.
Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas, MD, Board Certified in Internal Medicine (NPI #1164426749, Texas MD License #J2933), serves as Medical Director and Collaborative Physician. With more than 40 years of experience as an internist, she supplies medical oversight, reviews patient health status, and helps guide the safe use of regenerative procedures. This multidisciplinary model is common in modern injury clinics: the chiropractor restores movement while the medical doctor ensures overall medical safety and coordination.
Together, the team also includes functional-medicine strategies, personal-injury documentation, and rehabilitation services. Patients receive a clear plan that may combine spinal adjustments, imaging-guided injections, supportive IV therapy, and progressive exercise. Dr. Jimenez’s clinical observations, available through his practice sites, note that many accident-related disc patients improve mobility and reduce pain when biomechanics and regenerative support are used together.
What Patients Can Expect:
Most people start with a detailed history, physical exam, and review of imaging. If regenerative therapy is appropriate, the injection is performed under guidance to place the material accurately. Mild soreness can follow for a few days. Improvement often begins within several weeks and continues over months as tissue remodels.
Chiropractic visits continue in parallel to keep the spine moving well. Home exercises and nutrition guidance support the process. Follow-up imaging or exams track progress. Not every disc injury responds the same way, so the team adjusts the plan based on individual response.
Conclusion:
Disc protrusions, extrusions, and annular tears from car and work accidents are serious but often manageable without immediate surgery. Targeted regenerative therapies such as PRP, MFAT, and supportive IV infusions supply the body with tools to repair tissue. Integrative chiropractic care reduces mechanical stress and improves joint function. At Injury Medical Clinic PA in El Paso, the collaboration between Dr. Alexander Jimenez and Dr. Maria Guadalupe Cardenas brings both chiropractic expertise and medical direction under one roof. This combined approach gives many patients a practical path toward reduced pain and restored activity. Anyone dealing with post-accident disc problems should seek a thorough evaluation to learn which options fit their specific injury.
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