Back Clinic Mobility & Flexibility: The human body retains a natural level to ensure all its structures are functioning properly. The bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and other tissues work together to allow a range of movement and maintaining proper fitness and balanced nutrition can help keep the body functioning properly. Great mobility means executing functional movements with no restrictions in the range of motion (ROM).
Remember that flexibility is a mobility component, but extreme flexibility really is not required to perform functional movements. A flexible person can have core strength, balance, or coordination but cannot perform the same functional movements as a person with great mobility. According to Dr. Alex Jimenez’s compilation of articles on mobility and flexibility, individuals who don’t stretch their body often can experience shortened or stiffened muscles, decreasing their ability to move effectively.
How Motor Vehicle Accidents Impact Mobility and Flexibility: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction to Motor Vehicle Accidents and Their Impact
Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are a leading cause of injuries that can significantly affect a person’s ability to move freely and comfortably. Whether it’s a minor fender-bender or a severe collision, these accidents often result in physical injuries that limit mobility and flexibility, as well as emotional challenges that impact overall well-being. According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information, traffic accidents are the primary cause of spinal cord injuries in the United States, underscoring their serious consequences. This post examines the types of injuries caused by motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), their impact on daily life, and the crucial role of treatment and rehabilitation, offering special insights from Dr. Alexander Jimenez, a renowned chiropractor and nurse practitioner in El Paso, Texas, who specializes in treating victims of MVAs.
MVAs can lead to a range of injuries, from soft tissue damage like whiplash to severe spine and joint issues. These injuries often cause pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, making everyday tasks challenging. Beyond physical harm, victims may experience emotional distress, such as anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can further hinder recovery. Understanding these impacts is crucial for seeking timely medical care and legal support, especially in personal injury cases where accurate documentation is essential.
References
National Center for Biotechnology Information. (n.d.). Spinal Cord Injury.
Common Injuries from MVAs That Affect Mobility and Flexibility
MVAs can cause various injuries that impair mobility and flexibility. Below, we discuss three main categories: soft tissue injuries, spine injuries, and joint injuries, each with significant effects on movement and function.
Soft Tissue Injuries: Whiplash and Beyond
Whiplash is one of the most common injuries resulting from MVAs, affecting nearly 2 million Americans each year (Metairie Spine and Rehab). A sudden jerk of the head forward and backward strains the neck’s muscles and ligaments, causing whiplash. Symptoms include neck pain, stiffness, and a reduced range of motion, which can make it difficult to turn the head or perform tasks like driving or working at a computer. Other soft tissue injuries, such as sprains or strains, can cause swelling and pain, further limiting movement (Wall Family Chiropractic).
Spine Injuries: Herniated Discs and Spinal Cord Damage
Spine injuries are among the most severe outcomes of MVAs. Damage to the soft tissue between vertebrae, known as herniated discs, can result in pain, numbness, and weakness in the limbs, thereby limiting mobility. More severe cases, such as spinal cord damage, may lead to partial or complete paralysis, drastically altering a person’s ability to move. The National Center for Biotechnology Information notes that traffic accidents are the leading cause of spinal cord injuries in the U.S., highlighting their prevalence. These injuries often result in chronic pain and significant mobility loss (Cox & Cox Filo).
References
National Center for Biotechnology Information. (n.d.). Spinal Cord Injury.
Joint Injuries: Osteoarthritis and Long-Term Effects
Joint injuries, such as those to the knees, shoulders, or hips, are common in MVAs and can lead to long-term complications like osteoarthritis. This condition causes chronic pain and stiffness, which limits movement and affects daily activities. Research suggests that joint damage from MVAs may require ongoing medical treatment and rehabilitation to manage symptoms and prevent further deterioration (Kitchel Law).
How These Injuries Affect Daily Activities and Quality of Life
The injuries caused by motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) can profoundly impact a person’s ability to perform daily tasks and maintain a high quality of life. Physical limitations, such as difficulty walking, lifting, or bending, can make routine activities like household chores, work, or hobbies challenging. For example, whiplash-related neck stiffness may hinder driving or desk work, while a herniated disc could prevent lifting heavy objects (Simply PT).
Emotionally, MVA victims may experience frustration, depression, or anxiety due to their reduced independence and persistent pain. Indirect trauma, such as PTSD or adjustment disorder, affects over 30% of crash survivors, leading to symptoms like flashbacks, avoidance of driving, or emotional numbness (Michigan Auto Law). These psychological effects can exacerbate physical challenges, creating a cycle of pain and disability that lowers overall well-being.
Impact Area
Physical Effects
Emotional Effects
Daily Activities
Limited mobility, difficulty with tasks like lifting or walking
Frustration, reduced independence
Work
Inability to perform job duties, reduced productivity
Anxiety about job security
Social Life
Restricted participation in hobbies or social events
Isolation and depression due to limited engagement
The Role of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation in Recovery
Physical therapy and rehabilitation are crucial for regaining mobility and flexibility after a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Physical therapists utilize targeted exercises, manual therapy, and education to alleviate pain and enhance function. For instance, therapeutic exercises can help strengthen muscles weakened by whiplash, while manual therapy can improve joint mobility. (Sage Hill Physio).
Chiropractic care, often combined with physical therapy, focuses on spinal alignment and musculoskeletal health. Spinal adjustments and soft tissue therapy can alleviate pain and restore normal movement patterns. Studies, such as those published in the Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, suggest that combining these approaches leads to better outcomes in terms of mobility and pain reduction. (Wall Family Chiropractic).
Treatment Type
Techniques
Benefits
Physical Therapy
Manual therapy, therapeutic exercises, and education
Insights from Dr. Alexander Jimenez: Clinical Observations and Treatment Approaches
Dr. Alexander Jimenez, DC, APRN, FNP-BC, is a leading expert in treating motor vehicle accident (MVA)-related injuries in El Paso, Texas. At the El Paso Back Clinic, he specializes in personal injury and auto accident care, addressing conditions like whiplash, ligamentous injuries, and sciatica. His approach integrates chiropractic adjustments, physical therapy, and functional medicine to promote natural recovery without the need for unnecessary surgeries or medications (Dr. Alex Jimenez).
Dr. Jimenez utilizes advanced diagnostic tools, including X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans, to accurately assess the extent of injuries. These tools allow him to develop tailored treatment plans that address each patient’s unique needs. His comprehensive evaluations, which include posture assessments and neurological exams, ensure precise diagnoses. This precision is critical not only for effective treatment but also for providing detailed medical documentation required in personal injury cases, where he collaborates with legal teams to support claims (El Paso Back Clinic).
Personal Injury Cases in El Paso: Dr. Jimenez’s Expertise
In El Paso, Dr. Jimenez has established a reputation for treating a wide range of injuries related to motor vehicle accidents (MVAs), from soft tissue damage to complex musculoskeletal conditions. His clinic handles cases involving whiplash, compression injuries, thoracic outlet syndrome, and delayed symptoms from auto accidents. By working with a multidisciplinary team, including chiropractors, nutritionists, and nurse practitioners, he provides comprehensive care that addresses both physical and functional recovery (El Paso Back Clinic).
Dr. Jimenez’s ability to provide detailed medical records and testify in court makes him a valuable asset in personal injury cases. His documentation supports claims for compensation by clearly linking injuries to the accident, ensuring victims receive the support they need for recovery and financial relief.
The Importance of Advanced Imaging and Diagnostic Assessments
Advanced imaging and diagnostic assessments are crucial for both treating motor vehicle accident (MVA) injuries and supporting legal claims. Tools like X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans provide detailed views of internal damage, such as fractures, herniated discs, or soft tissue injuries. Dr. Jimenez collaborates with top diagnostic imaging clinics to ensure accurate diagnoses, which inform his treatment plans and enhance patient outcomes (El Paso Back Clinic).
In personal injury cases, these diagnostics are equally important for legal documentation. Precise medical records, supported by imaging results, strengthen claims for compensation by demonstrating the extent of injuries and their impact on the victim’s life. Dr. Jimenez’s expertise in correlating clinical findings with diagnostic results bridges the gap between medical treatment and legal requirements, benefiting his patients both in recovery and in court.
Addressing Indirect Trauma: Psychological Impacts of MVAs
Beyond physical injuries, MVAs can cause indirect trauma, such as emotional and psychological distress. Conditions like PTSD and adjustment disorders can cause symptoms such as flashbacks, avoidance behaviors, and anxiety, affecting over 30% of crash survivors. These issues can significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life, often requiring professional mental health support alongside physical treatment (Michigan Auto Law).
While Dr. Jimenez’s primary focus is on physical injuries, his holistic approach, which includes functional medicine, may address overall well-being, and he may refer patients to mental health specialists when needed. Recognizing and treating these psychological impacts is essential for comprehensive recovery.
Motor vehicle accidents can have a profound impact on mobility and flexibility, causing injuries like whiplash, herniated discs, and joint damage that limit movement and disrupt daily life. These physical challenges, combined with emotional distress like PTSD, can significantly reduce quality of life. However, with timely intervention through physical therapy, chiropractic care, and advanced diagnostics, recovery is possible. Dr. Jimenez’s expertise in El Paso exemplifies how comprehensive care, supported by precise diagnostics, can restore mobility and support legal claims in personal injury cases. BBy addressing both the physical and psychological impacts, victims can work toward achieving a full recovery and improved well-being.
Join the calisthenics movement and experience a versatile approach to fitness designed for all skill levels.
Introduction
Many people might suffer musculoskeletal ailments due to their stressful schedules and habits. Anyone at any age may be affected by it, from muscular imbalances to low back discomfort; therapy is required when people have overlapping risk profiles. Many patients begin seeking therapy for musculoskeletal diseases to lessen the pain they experience. Many would choose surgical treatment to alleviate the overlapping risk profiles depending on the degree. Others, conversely, could attempt non-surgical methods to alleviate musculoskeletal discomfort. Since musculoskeletal issues are one of the main causes of disability, non-surgical therapies may safely and affordably relieve the body’s misdirected pain. By aligning the spine and extending the afflicted muscles, non-surgical therapies such as chiropractic adjustments may help alleviate musculoskeletal problems. However, to assist patients in healing over the long term, chiropractors will create a personalized treatment plan that includes active movement exercises—where calisthenics comes in—to help rebuild muscle strength and mobility function.
What is Calisthenics?
Also known as bodyweight training, calisthenics utilizes the person’s body to build muscle strength and increase flexibility while enhancing neuromuscular control. When people start incorporating regular physical activity into their routine, they will notice their health and quality of life improved, their fitness levels will increase, and the risk of several chronic diseases associated with the musculoskeletal body will be reduced. (Bellissimo et al., 2022) The best way to think about calisthenics is to think like push-ups, planks, squats, and dynamics stretches when working out. Additionally, calisthenics can be scalable and adaptable to any person’s fitness level without heavy gym equipment or HIIT workouts. For individuals dealing with musculoskeletal conditions like low back pain or associated pain symptoms, calisthenics is a safer and more effective option. Calisthenics can even help with cognitive decline associated with musculoskeletal disorders by reducing comorbidities correlated with the muscles and cognitive function. (Osuka et al., 2020)
How It Supports Musculoskeletal Health?
Musculoskeletal pain is a multi-factorial condition that involves environmental factors that cause long-term pain and disability. (Caneiro et al., 2021) Everyday motions can cause strain and fatigue to the various muscle groups and, over time, can affect the joints in the extremities. For individuals dealing with musculoskeletal disorders, calisthenics can offer numerous benefits to reduce pain-like symptoms associated with the musculoskeletal system:
Improved Core Stability: Calisthenics can help strengthen the core muscles, providing the necessary stability to reduce low back pain. (Zemkova & Zapletalova, 2022)
Enhanced Mobility: Calisthenics can utilize gentle functional movements within the upper and lower extremities to help preserve the joint’s range of motion.
Injury Prevention: Individuals incorporating calisthenics for muscle pain will notice that their postural muscles are getting stronger, thus improving body biomechanics and reducing compensatory movements.
Neuromuscular Re-education: Calisthenic exercises help retrain muscles to fire appropriately, which is excellent for individuals with a sedentary lifestyle. Individuals with a sedentary lifestyle who start doing calisthenic exercises will notice a positive effect on energy expenditure, endothelial function, and muscle improvement. (Mear et al., 2022)
Can Core Exercises Help With Back Pain?-Video
Calisthenics Integrated With Chiropractic Care
When it comes to incorporating non-surgical treatment with calisthenics, chiropractic care can help many individuals deal with overlapping pain symptoms associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Chiropractic care incorporates mechanical and manual spinal manipulation to help realign the spine and remobilize the body while reducing muscle pain. (Coulter et al., 2018) When chiropractors address the structural misalignment of the person’s spine through adjustments, they can pinpoint the causes and start to assess the individual by coming up with a personalized treatment plan that includes calisthenics as part of their active rehabilitation to reengage their musculoskeletal system to maintain the improvements. In chiropractic and functional medicine settings, calisthenics is often prescribed as part of active rehabilitation. After addressing structural misalignments through manual adjustments, patients are encouraged to reengage their musculoskeletal system to maintain improvements.
Here’s how calisthenics fits in:
Post-Adjustment Stabilization: Exercises help “lock in” structural corrections by reinforcing proper posture and movement.
Corrective Exercise Protocols: Practitioners may prescribe targeted calisthenics to improve muscular imbalances contributing to pain.
Home Programs: These exercises are ideal for patients to perform safely at home with little to no equipment.
Calisthenic Exercises For Low Back Pain
For individuals dealing with acute or chronic low back pain, these beginner-friendly calisthenics exercises can help relieve muscle tension in the lower back while promoting postural stability. It is always important to consult a doctor before starting a new exercise routine.
Glute Bridge
Glute bridges can help decompress the lumbar spine while strengthening the glutes and hamstrings.
How to do it:
Laying down on your back with knees bent and feet flat on the floor.
By engaging the core muscles, lift the hips towards the ceiling.
Hold the position for 5 seconds, then lower slowly.
Repeat 10–15 times for three sets.
Bird-Dog
Bird-Dog can be an excellent exercise to help individuals improve their spinal stability by engaging their core and multifidus muscles to reduce back pain.
How to do it:
Be on a mat on your hands and knees to have a neutral spine alignment.
Simultaneously extend the right arm and left leg while keeping your spine neutral.
Hold the position for 5-10 seconds, then slowly switch sides.
Perform 10 reps per side for three sets.
Wall Sit
Wall sit exercises are excellent for individuals with low back pain. They help strengthen the surrounding muscles in the lumbar spine and activate the quadriceps to support neutral pelvic alignment.
How to do it:
Stand up straight with your back against a wall and slide to a seated position with the thighs parallel to the floor
Engage the core muscles and hold between 10-30 seconds. Tip: Gradually increase the time for an effective workout.
Repeat 3–5 times for three sets.
Pelvic Tilt
For individuals dealing with tension and low back pain in their lumbar spine, pelvic tilts can help provide relief while improving core muscle control.
How to do it:
Lay on your back with bent knees on a mat.
Gently lower your lower back into the mat while engaging the core muscles.
Hold the position for 10 seconds before relaxing.
Repeat the motion for 10–15 times for three sets.
Conclusion
Calisthenics is more than simply a bodyweight exercise; it’s a fantastic therapeutic technique that can be used in conjunction with chiropractic adjustments. By using exercises to reenergize the musculoskeletal system and lessen muscular soreness, calisthenics may motivate people to take charge of their health and wellbeing. Calisthenic exercises may hasten rehabilitation, avert more injuries, and enhance general functional ability since the body’s primary function is mobility. People who begin using calisthenics into their everyday practice will see that their movement improves and that their fitness objectives are met.
Injury Medical & Functional Medicine Clinic
We associate with certified medical providers who understand the importance of assessing individuals with musculoskeletal disorders affecting their daily routines. When asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to incorporate exercises like calisthenics to help reengage the musculoskeletal system while reducing muscle pain within the lumbar region. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., uses this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.
References
Bellissimo, G. F., Ducharme, J., Mang, Z., Millender, D., Smith, J., Stork, M. J., Little, J. P., Deyhle, M. R., Gibson, A. L., de Castro Magalhaes, F., & Amorim, F. (2022). The Acute Physiological and Perceptual Responses Between Bodyweight and Treadmill Running High-Intensity Interval Exercises. Front Physiol, 13, 824154. doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.824154
Caneiro, J. P., Bunzli, S., & O’Sullivan, P. (2021). Beliefs about the body and pain: the critical role in musculoskeletal pain management. Braz J Phys Ther, 25(1), 17-29. doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.06.003
Coulter, I. D., Crawford, C., Hurwitz, E. L., Vernon, H., Khorsan, R., Suttorp Booth, M., & Herman, P. M. (2018). Manipulation and mobilization for treating chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Spine J, 18(5), 866-879. doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2018.01.013
Mear, E., Gladwell, V. F., & Pethick, J. (2022). The Effect of Breaking Up Sedentary Time with Calisthenics on Neuromuscular Function: A Preliminary Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 19(21). doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114597
Osuka, Y., Kojima, N., Sasai, H., Ohara, Y., Watanabe, Y., Hirano, H., & Kim, H. (2020). Exercise Types and the Risk of Developing Cognitive Decline in Older Women: A Prospective Study. J Alzheimers Dis, 77(4), 1733-1742. doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200867
Zemkova, E., & Zapletalova, L. (2022). The Role of Neuromuscular Control of Postural and Core Stability in Functional Movement and Athlete Performance. Front Physiol, 13, 796097. doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.796097
Can understanding how leg cramps feel, their causes, and prevention help individuals with treatment options?
Leg Cramp Causes
A leg cramp is an involuntary contraction of the muscles in the leg, typically the calf muscle. It causes a sudden, sharp, and painful tightening of the muscle. They commonly occur from
Dehydration
Muscle overexertion
They can be a symptom of an underlying health condition, such as type 2 diabetes or kidney failure.
They can also be a side effect of certain medications.
Sensation
Leg cramps typically cause sudden, severe pain in the affected muscle. Individuals may also feel a hard knot or twitching of the muscle. The calf muscles are the most common site. (Harvard Health Publishing, 2024)
Causes
The underlying cause of leg cramps isn’t always known. However, work, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions can play a role. Common causes include:
Dialysis – treatment to remove excess fluid from the blood when kidneys fail.
Respiratory diseases of the lungs and airways
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lou Gehrig’s disease, a neurological condition affecting the brain, nerves, and muscles)
Self-Care
Leg cramps often go away on their own after a few minutes. However, other self-care can help. Recommendations: (Harvard Health Publishing, 2024)
Change Body Positions
Moving can help relieve tension and pain.
If the leg cramps happen at night, stand up and take a few steps.
Massage
Gently rubbing the cramped muscle can help it relax.
Stretch
Stretching the cramping muscle can help it relax.
Apply Heat
If the leg cramp lasts more than a few minutes, apply a heating pad or take a warm shower to increase blood circulation to and around the muscle to help it relax.
Treatment
There are no medications specifically for treating leg cramps. However, if symptoms are caused by another medical condition, treating the underlying condition might help reduce cramp frequency. Dehydration or low electrolytes can cause leg cramps; in these cases, drinking water or electrolyte-infused beverages can help. If cramps are related to overexercising, consider reducing the intensity of your activity or exercising in a cooler environment. (Maughan R. J. & Shirreffs S. M. 2019) Magnesium supplements are usually marketed to relieve muscle cramps; they are not proven to alleviate them. (Garrison, S. R. et al., 2020)
Exercises and Stretches
It is important to know which muscle to target when stretching the leg. If the cramp does not resolve after the first stretch attempt, try again.
Place palms flat against the wall at shoulder height.
Step the cramping leg away from the wall around 12 to 18 inches.
Keep your heels flat on the floor.
Keeping the back leg straight, bend the front knee slowly and lean forward until you feel a stretch along the calf.
Hold for 30 to 60 seconds.
Prevention
They can’t always be prevented. However, if they are related to dehydration or other lifestyle factors, individuals may be able to prevent them from occurring or decrease the frequency. Try the following: (Harvard Health Publishing, 2024)
Drink plenty of water.
Stretch the leg muscles before you go to bed.
Try drinking a beverage with electrolytes for longer workouts or activities in hot weather.
Warm up before exercise, such as with a slow jog, before getting into more intense exercises.
Properly cool down after a workout.
Stretch the leg muscles before and after exercising.
Maintain a healthy body weight.
Contact a Healthcare Provider
Leg cramps can sometimes signify something more serious than a Charley horse. See a healthcare provider if any of the following symptoms present (National Library of Medicine, 2020)
Change in skin color, including redness or a deeper tone than normal
Cramps that last more than a few minutes or occur frequently
Muscle weakness
Severe pain from the cramps
Swelling
Warm skin
Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic
Talk to a healthcare provider about leg cramps to learn what interventions would help the most. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.
Maughan, R. J., & Shirreffs, S. M. (2019). Muscle Cramping During Exercise: Causes, Solutions, and Questions Remaining. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 49(Suppl 2), 115–124. doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01162-1
Garrison, S. R., Korownyk, C. S., Kolber, M. R., Allan, G. M., Musini, V. M., Sekhon, R. K., & Dugré, N. (2020). Magnesium for skeletal muscle cramps. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 9(9), CD009402. doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD009402.pub3
For individuals with lower back pain when walking, could they have injured a muscle or have an underlying condition affecting the joints, ligaments, or nerves?
Back Pain When Walking
Lower back pain when walking can occur for a variety of reasons. It can result from poor posture, injuries, muscle fatigue, or an underlying condition. Specific injuries, like muscle strains, can affect the ligaments in the spine and cause pain. Muscles that have not been used often can result in fatigue and pain. Specific health conditions, such as degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, herniated discs, sciatica, or even sacroiliac joint dysfunction, can cause lower back pain. Factors like overexertion or improper gait can exacerbate it.
Muscle Issues
Muscle strains, ligament sprains, or fatigue can cause lower back pain when walking. Pain can occur after walking or come on gradually from wear and tear without an apparent cause, as follows (American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 2024)
Strains
Occur when the fibers in the back are overstretched or torn.
Pain from muscle strains is usually worse during activity and better when resting.
Sprains
It occurs when the ligaments that connect bone to bone become detached.
If the muscles do not adequately support the spine, the spinal joints absorb more pressure, which can lead to injury to the spinal ligaments.
Fatigue
It can happen from overexertion and lead to lower back pain when walking.
It could occur when walking longer than the body is used to, on uneven surfaces that make the muscles work harder to help maintain balance, or climbing hills that cause you to lean forward while walking.
Degenerative Disc Disease
Between each vertebra is a disc that provides cushioning between the bones.
As the disc wears down, surrounding muscles, ligaments, joints, and nerves in the spine absorb more pressure, causing damage.
Degenerative disc disease is a wear-and-tear condition that becomes more common as individuals age and is a common cause of lower back pain.
Healthcare providers recommend walking as a low-impact activity for individuals with the disease. However, if the condition is more severe, individuals could experience pain from this exercise, especially when walking on hard surfaces. (Hospital for Special Surgery, 2024)
Sciatica
Sciatica pain occurs when a nerve exiting the spine in the lower back becomes compressed or pinched. It is a common symptom of a herniated disc, in which a disc moves out of place and puts pressure on nearby nerves. In addition to lower back pain, sciatica can cause pain in the hip, the back of the thigh, and down the leg. Sciatica can also cause: (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2021)
Numbness
Tingling
Muscle cramps
Leg muscle weakness
Healthcare providers often recommend walking as a safe form of physical activity for individuals with sciatica. However, individuals should avoid twisting or bending forward. (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2021) To decrease pain, avoid walking on uneven surfaces or uphill.
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Spinal stenosis is a wear-and-tear condition that often affects the lumbar spine/five vertebrae in the lower back.
It causes the space surrounding the spinal cord to narrow.
Lumbar spinal stenosis typically causes pain when standing upright, including when walking.
Many with this condition find that leaning slightly forward helps to reduce the pain by opening up the compressed areas.
Hyperlordosis
Lordosis describes the normal curve in the spine in the lower back. However, when this curve is exaggerated, it causes hyperlordosis or swayback. (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2020) Hyperlordosis affects the range of motion, putting abnormal pressure on the muscles, ligaments, and joints. It also reduces the spine’s ability to absorb shock correctly when walking, leading to pain. (Cedars-Sinai, 2025)
Prevention Strategies
Individuals can take steps to reduce their risk of lower back pain when walking, even if they’ve been diagnosed with a condition that can potentially cause this symptom. Walking can decrease chronic low back pain for some. (Suh J. H. et al., 2019) As with any new exercise program, check with a healthcare provider to ensure that walking for exercise is appropriate for the injury, condition, or disease and is safe. Recommended tips: (Harvard Health Publishing, 2015)
Wear shoes made for walking.
Perform gentle lower back stretches before walking.
Start slowly by walking for a few minutes, then gradually increase the time.
Walk on a smooth surface, such as a sidewalk or athletic track, or indoors, such as in a shopping center or mall.
Warm up and cool down by walking slowly at the beginning and end of the walk.
This allows the back and leg muscles to warm up before exercise and recover afterward.
Walk at a slow to moderate pace/speed that allows one to converse.
Standing up straight while walking or standing upright reduces pressure on the lower back.
Alternative Exercise
If there is still back pain when walking, it might not be an appropriate exercise for the individual and/or how their condition presents symptoms. Alternate activities can include: (Hospital for Special Surgery, 2023)
Elliptical Trainer
This exercise keeps the feet in contact with the pedals, putting less shock-absorbing pressure on the spine than walking.
Recumbent Biking
will keep the back upright, which is recommended if there is more pain when bending forward.
Upright Stationary Biking
This is recommended if the back pain improves when bending forward.
Walking In A Pool
This activity provides benefits while reducing pressure on the spine.
To target different muscles, try walking laps in waist-deep water in multiple directions (forward, backward, and side to side).
Water Aerobics
This activity provides cardiovascular health benefits with decreased pressure on the back.
Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic
See a physical therapist for a personalized exercise program to reduce back pain and appropriate for your condition. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.
Beyond Adjustments: Chiropractic and Integrative Healthcare
Suh, J. H., Kim, H., Jung, G. P., Ko, J. Y., & Ryu, J. S. (2019). The effect of lumbar stabilization and walking exercises on chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine, 98(26), e16173. doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000016173
Can stretching quadriceps help relieve stiffness and pain and improve flexibility for individuals with consistently tight quadriceps?
Quadriceps Stretches
Walking, running, biking, and other daily activities can tighten the quadriceps muscles. The quadriceps are four muscles in the front of the thigh that extend the leg and strengthen the knee. Stretching the quadriceps may be a part of a home or gym exercise program or physical therapy treatment to maintain quadricep flexibility. Resting the quadriceps with an exercise program can greatly maximize mobility and prevent injury.
Tight quadriceps may sometimes result from injuries such as patellofemoral stress syndrome or iliotibial band friction syndrome. The quads may also become tight for individuals with spinal stenosis or other related problems with the lower back. (International Sports Sciences Association, 2023) Ely’s test, also known as the Duncan-Ely test, is one way to determine whether your quadriceps are tight. It is a physical examination used to assess the flexibility and potential spasticity of the rectus femoris muscle (a quadriceps muscle) by passively flexing the patient’s knee. Lie on your stomach and try to touch your foot to your buttocks. If you can’t, the rectus femoris, one of the main muscles, may be tight and benefit from quadricep stretches. (Olivencia, O. et al., 2020)
Safety and Precautions
Before trying this or any other exercise program, consult a healthcare provider to ensure exercise is safe for you and your conditions. A professional can help diagnose any overuse injury that might be causing tight quadriceps. Quadriceps stretches will be a little more comfortable after warming up. A few minutes of walking or biking will warm the quadriceps muscles to stretch more easily.
Stretches
To stretch the quadriceps, try the standing, side-lying, and prone quadriceps stretch once fully warmed up and after a workout. Individuals who frequently experience quadriceps tightness should stretch them daily. Incorporate all or some of these stretches into a cool-down or off-day flexibility routine.
Standing Stretch
The standing quadriceps stretch can be done anywhere in the office, gym, or outside. All you need is a place to stand. Here is how:
While standing, hold onto a countertop or back of a chair to help with balance.
Bend your knee by grasping your ankle.
Move your foot toward your buttocks.
Gently pull on your ankle to bend your knee as far as possible.
Maintain position for 30 seconds.
Return to the standing position.
Repeat the exercise 3 to 5 times with each leg.
Stop stretching if there are any sharp pains.
Side-Lying Stretch
The side-lying quad stretch lengthens the quadriceps. On the floor in a supported position can help focus on the stretch. Here’s how:
Lie on your side.
Bend the knee of your top leg as far as you can, gently pulling with your hand.
Maintain position for 30 seconds.
Return to the starting position.
Repeat the exercise 3 to 5 more times with each leg.
Prone Stretch
Stretch the quadriceps while lying on your stomach. In this position, the floor helps to stabilize the pelvis, minimizing rocking and maximizing the stretch. To do the stretch:
Lie on your stomach.
Bend your knee back as far as you are able.
Grab your ankle to pull your foot toward your buttocks.
Maintain position for 30 seconds.
Return to the starting position.
Repeat the exercise 3 to 5 more times with each leg.
If you have difficulty reaching your ankle, pull the leg up, wrap a towel or strap around the ankle, and use it to pull. This can help stretch the quadriceps effectively even if you cannot reach the ankle easily.
Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic
Consult a healthcare provider or physical therapist to learn the recommended quadriceps stretches or other strengthening exercises. Keeping the quadriceps healthy will help keep the knees moving and maximize functional mobility. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.
Olivencia, O., Godinez, G. M., Dages, J., Duda, C., Kaplan, K., Kolber, M. J., Kaplan, & Kolber (2020). THE RELIABILITY AND MINIMAL DETECTABLE CHANGE OF THE ELY AND ACTIVE KNEE EXTENSION TESTS. International journal of sports physical therapy, 15(5), 776–782. doi.org/10.26603/ijspt20200776
For individuals dealing with posture problems causing neck, back, and shoulder pain, can pectoralis minor stretches designed to work these areas be a part of physical therapy or as regular exercises at home?
Pectoralis Minor Muscle Stretches
The pectoralis minor is a small, triangular muscle situated deep to the pectoralis major in the anterior chest wall. It originates from the margins of the third to fifth ribs adjacent to the costochondral junction and connects to the coracoid process of the scapula. The pectoralis minor helps with posture, mobility, and shoulder stability and aids breathing. Muscle tightness can cause pain in the chest, shoulder, and neck and a restricted range of motion. Strain and injuries can occur during activities involving overhead movements or forceful pushing. Pectoralis minor stretches are designed to work these muscles that span the ribs and connect to the shoulder to help improve posture and relieve pain and chest weakness. They can help reduce muscle tightness and other conditions like thoracic outlet syndrome. (Kaur U. et al., 2023) (Wagner E. R. et al., 2023) Talk with a healthcare provider Before starting any exercise or stretching program.
Corner Pectoralis Stretch
A corner pec stretch is similar to a wall push-up, except the emphasis is on staying in a position that lengthens the chest muscles. It’s important to move the whole body as a unit and not bend.
Stand facing a corner with a relaxed, upright posture.
Place your feet so they are parallel, and bend your knees slightly.
Stay as relaxed as possible during the movement to protect your joints.
Keep your gaze forward.
Place your forearms and palms over the walls where two walls connect at a right angle.
With your elbows bent to 90 degrees, move forward into the corner of the wall until you feel a comfortable stretch in the pectorals.
The doorway stretch is similar to the corner stretch. It works the pectoralis major and the minor muscles and helps with mobility. To perform: (Maryland Pain & Wellness Center, 2025)
Stand in a doorway with your feet placed together.
Place the palms and forearms on either side of the doorway.
Your elbows should be even with your shoulders and bend at a 90-degree angle.
Keep your back straight.
Take a step forward, leaning into the doorway.
You should feel the stretch in the muscle.
Repeat the stretch with the other foot.
Exercise and ergonomic changes to your chair or desk height can help improve posture and relieve muscle tightness. (Kaur U. et al., 2023)
T Stretch
The T stretch stretches the front of the chest and is done on the floor, typically with a foam roller placed directly under the spine. To perform: (OrthoCarolina, N.D.)
Lie down on your back with the foam roller aligned to the spine.
Make sure your head and tailbone are supported.
Open your arms straight out like a T.
Hold the position while stretching.
Y Stretch
The Y stretch is similar to the T stretch; both reduce chest muscle tightness and discomfort. To perform: (OrthoCarolina, N.D.)
Use the same foam roll position, lying on your back with the head and tailbone supported and aligned.
Stretch the arms out above your head, placing them into the shape of a Y.
Allow the chest muscles that connect to the arms to relax.
Studies have examined how quickly a prone scapular retraction can help stretch the back and shoulders. Results suggest the exercises must be performed longer before the pectoralis minor is lengthened to improve symptoms. (Dye J., Allyn M., & Frank C. 2024) However, further research is needed.
Health Conditions
Pectoralis minor stretches may be part of a personalized therapy program to improve mobility, posture, and/or breathing and sleep quality with health conditions that include:
Stretching and strengthening exercises can help improve their flexibility and function. Exercises can improve strength and function by standing or lying down, depending on the stretch.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
The pectoralis minor muscles are often overlooked in clinical examinations but can contribute to musculoskeletal pain and dysfunction. A healthcare provider can teach about stretches, how they can help, and whether they are safe for the individual’s injury and/or condition. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. The clinic can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Doorway Stretching Routine
References
Kaur, U., Shrestha, D., Hussain, M. A., Dalal, P., Kalita, M., Sharma, V., & Sharma, S. (2023). Prompt Impact of Muscle Energy Technique on Pectoralis Muscle Tightness in Computer Users: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 13(2), 123–128. doi.org/10.15280/jlm.2023.13.2.123
Wagner, E. R., Gottschalk, M. B., Ahmed, A. S., Graf, A. R., & Karzon, A. L. (2023). Novel Diagnostic and Treatment Techniques for Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Techniques in hand & upper extremity surgery, 27(2), 100–114. doi.org/10.1097/BTH.0000000000000419
Dye, J., Allyn, M., & Frank, C. (2024). Is there an immediate effect on pectoralis minor length after performing a prone scapular retraction exercise using typical sets and repetitions in pain-free participants? Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 40, 1014–1019. doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.07.026
Chankavee, N., Amatachaya, S., Hunsawong, T., Thaweewannakij, T., & Mato, L. (2023). Effects of modified long stick exercise on hyperkyphosis, muscle imbalance, and balance control in elderly community-dwelling women with hyperkyphosis. Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation, 36(5), 1151–1162. doi.org/10.3233/BMR-220350
Liao, Y. X., Saiken, A., Chang, X., Guo, Y. F., Tan, Z., Deng, F., Meng, Q. L., Zhen, H., Li, Y. M., & Fang, B. M. (2025). Associations of fat, bone, and muscle indices with disease severity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 29(1), 82. doi.org/10.1007/s11325-024-03241-8
Thongchote, K., Chinwaro, U., & Lapmanee, S. (2024). Effects of scapulothoracic exercises on chest mobility, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function in male COPD patients with forward shoulder posture: A randomized controlled trial. F1000Research, 11, 1284. doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.126832.2
Can walking backward on a treadmill aid in treating conditions and injuries, improving strength, gait, and mobility in the lower extremities and knee, hip, and ankle range of motion (ROM)?
Walking Backward On A Treadmill
Walking backward is often used in physical therapy to treat multiple conditions and injuries and help improve strength, gait, balance, and mobility in the lower extremities. It is also used to improve knee, hip, and ankle range of motion and lower back pain and burn calories.
The Difference Backward vs. Forward
The difference from forward walking is that certain motions are normal gait characteristics.
First, the leg swings through the air, and the heel lands on the ground.
Then, the straight knee bends slightly as you roll from heel to toe.
As this occurs, the opposite leg rolls from the toes and up into the air.
This heel-to-toe motion repeats, and normal walking takes place.
Reverse walking creates the opposite gait process.
The leg swings through the air and reaches backward with a bent knee.
The toes contact the ground, and the bent knee straightens as you roll from toe to heel.
Then, the heel leaves the ground with the knee straight, repeating the process.
Reverse walking can help increase knee extension range of motion. (Zhang M. et al., 2022)
Individuals with knee injuries, surgeries, or arthritis may lose their knee extension or the knee’s ability to straighten.
The bent knee straightens fully when walking backward, moving from the toes onto the heel.
This helps to improve the range of motion into knee extension.
Quadriceps Function
Reverse walking can improve the function of the quadriceps muscles in the upper thighs. (Alghadir A. H. et al., 2019)
The quads are active when straightening the knee.
Exercises like quad sets, short arc quads, and straight leg raises increase quad strength.
Hamstring Flexibility
The hamstrings are located in the back of the upper thighs and work to bend the knees and extend the hips.
For individuals with tight hamstrings, a therapist may have you walk backward on the treadmill to improve the flexibility of the muscle group. (BBC, 2023)
When walking backward, the hamstring contracts to bend the knee as it swings through the air.
Then, the hamstring is stretched from the toe to heel movement, and the knee straightens.
Walking backward can help reset one’s gait and improve one’s ability to walk forward.
A study on stroke patients found that backward walking training was superior to standing balance training for improving balance and walking speed. (Rose, D. K. et al., 2018)
Burns Calories
Backward walking has been found to burn more calories than forward walking.
As a result, it improves heart and lung health better.
Conditions That Benefit
Individuals with a lower extremity impairment that results in loss of normal walking mobility may benefit from reverse walking. Common conditions that may help include: (BBC, 2023) (DelMastro H. M. et al., 2023)
Hamstring strain
Sciatica with tightness in hamstrings
Hip, knee or ankle surgery
Lower extremity fracture
Cerebral palsy
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson’s disease
Stroke
A physical therapist will decide if an individual’s condition warrants reverse walking as part of a rehabilitation program.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.
Control Foot Motion and Posture
References
Cha, H. G., Kim, T. H., & Kim, M. K. (2016). Therapeutic efficacy of walking backward and forward on a slope in normal adults. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(6), 1901–1903. doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1901
Zhang, M., Pang, J., Lu, J., Kang, M., Chen, B., Jones, R. K., Zhan, H., & Liu, A. (2022). The Immediate Effect of Backward Walking on External Knee Adduction Moment in Healthy Individuals. Journal of Healthcare Engineering, 2022, 4232990. doi.org/10.1155/2022/4232990
Alghadir, A. H., Anwer, S., Sarkar, B., Paul, A. K., & Anwar, D. (2019). Effect of 6-week retro or forward walking program on pain, functional disability, quadriceps muscle strength, and performance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial (retro-walking trial). BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 20(1), 159. doi.org/10.1186/s12891-019-2537-9
Balasukumaran, T., Olivier, B., & Ntsiea, M. V. (2019). The effectiveness of backward walking as a treatment for people with gait impairments: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Rehabilitation, 33(2), 171–182. doi.org/10.1177/0269215518801430
Rose, D. K., DeMark, L., Fox, E. J., Clark, D. J., & Wludyka, P. (2018). A Backward Walking Training Program to Improve Balance and Mobility in Acute Stroke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy: JNPT, 42(1), 12–21. doi.org/10.1097/NPT.0000000000000210
Thomas, K. S., Hammond, M., & Magal, M. (2018). Graded forward and backward walking at a matched intensity on cardiorespiratory responses and postural control. Gait & posture, 65, 20–25. doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.06.168
DelMastro, H. M., Ruiz, J. A., Simaitis, L. B., Gromisch, E. S., Neto, L. O., Cohen, E. T., Wong, E., Krug, R. J., & Lo, A. C. (2023). Effect of Backward and Forward Walking on Lower Limb Strength, Balance, and Gait in Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Feasibility Trial. International journal of MS care, 25(2), 45–50. doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2022-010
IFM's Find A Practitioner tool is the largest referral network in Functional Medicine, created to help patients locate Functional Medicine practitioners anywhere in the world. IFM Certified Practitioners are listed first in the search results, given their extensive education in Functional Medicine
