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Chiropractic

Back Clinic Chiropractic. This is a form of alternative treatment that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of various musculoskeletal injuries and conditions, especially those associated with the spine. Dr. Alex Jimenez discusses how spinal adjustments and manual manipulations regularly can greatly help both improve and eliminate many symptoms that could be causing discomfort to the individual. Chiropractors believe among the main reasons for pain and disease are the vertebrae’s misalignment in the spinal column (this is known as a chiropractic subluxation).

Through the usage of manual detection (or palpation), carefully applied pressure, massage, and manual manipulation of the vertebrae and joints (called adjustments), chiropractors can alleviate pressure and irritation on the nerves, restore joint mobility, and help return the body’s homeostasis. From subluxations, or spinal misalignments, to sciatica, a set of symptoms along the sciatic nerve caused by nerve impingement, chiropractic care can gradually restore the individual’s natural state of being. Dr. Jimenez compiles a group of concepts on chiropractic to best educate individuals on the variety of injuries and conditions affecting the human body.


Pain Management: A Comprehensive Guide After An Auto Accident

Pain Management: A Comprehensive Guide After An Auto Accident

Explore effective pain management strategies after a car accident. Learn how to recover and manage your discomfort.

Introduction

Numerous bodily injuries are often the outcome of auto accidents. Among the most frequent, soft tissue injuries sustained in vehicle accidents may cause severe pain and suffering in many different parts of the body, making everyday living difficult and necessitating a methodical approach to pain treatment. Do you have any headaches that make you want to be in a dark, quiet place? Do you think your shoulders have a limited range of motion? Or if you have lower back and shoulder ache that radiates? With an emphasis on soft tissue injuries, their symptoms, and both surgical and non-surgical treatment options, this article provides suggestions for managing pain after an accident..

 

Understanding Soft Tissue Injuries

Soft tissue injuries damage muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia. Common examples include whiplash, sprains, strains, and contusions. These injuries frequently occur during automobile accidents due to sudden forces exerted on the body, such as rapid deceleration or impact. The mechanisms of soft tissue injuries can become an issue as they can affect a person’s functionality, especially if the area has overlapping risk profiles. (Arosarena & Eid, 2021)

 

Symptoms of Soft Tissue Injuries

Various symptoms of soft tissue injuries depend on where the injury is located and how severe it is, but often include:

  • Pain and Tenderness: Localized or diffuse pain that worsens with movement or pressure.
  • Swelling: Inflammation due to fluid buildup in the affected area.
  • Stiffness: Reduced range of motion in joints or muscles.
  • Bruising: Discoloration from damaged blood vessels beneath the skin.
  • Muscle Spasms: Involuntary contractions causing discomfort.
  • Weakness: Reduced strength in the injured area, often noticeable in sprains or strains.
  • Neck or Back Pain: Common musculoskeletal pain associated with whiplash, where pain may radiate to the shoulders or arms due to a cracking sound within the cervical spine, causing pain to appear either hours or days. (Bannister et al., 2009)

 



Guidelines for Pain Management

Effective pain management after an automobile accident requires a comprehensive approach tailored to the individual’s injury severity, medical history, and response to treatment. The following guidelines provide a framework for managing pain associated with soft tissue injuries.

 

1. Initial Assessment & Diagnosis

  • Medical Evaluation: Individuals should seek immediate medical attention to assess the extent of injuries. A healthcare provider may use physical exams, imaging (e.g., X-rays, MRIs), or diagnostic tests to identify soft tissue damage.
  • Pain Assessment: Document pain levels using tools like the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to guide treatment planning.
  • Monitor Symptoms: Track symptoms over time, as some injuries, like whiplash, may have delayed onset.

 

2. Non-Surgical Treatment Options

Non-surgical treatments are typically the first line of management for soft tissue injuries, aiming to reduce pain and inflammation and promote healing.

 

RICE

  • Rest: Limit activities that exacerbate pain to allow tissues to heal.
  • Ice: Apply cold packs every fifteen to twenty minutes every hour to reduce swelling and numbness in the affected area. (Hubbard & Denegar, 2004)
  • Compression: Use elastic bandages to minimize swelling, ensuring not to wrap too tightly.
  • Elevation: Elevating the injured area above the heart level can help reduce fluid buildup.
  • Evidence: RICE is widely recommended for acute soft tissue injuries to manage initial symptoms affecting the musculoskeletal system.

 

Medications

  • Over-the-Counter Pain Relievers: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can temporarily help relieve pain and inflammation in soft tissues.
  • Muscle Relaxants: Prescribed for muscle spasms, particularly in whiplash cases.
  • Topical Analgesics: Creams or patches for localized pain relief.
  • Considerations: Long-term NSAID use should be monitored to avoid gastrointestinal or cardiovascular side effects.

 

Physical Therapy

  • Stretching and Strengthening: Guided exercises to restore mobility and strength.
  • Manual Therapy: Massage or myofascial release incorporates various techniques to reduce tension.
  • Modalities: Ultrasound, electrical stimulation, or heat therapy to enhance healing. (Papadopoulos & Mani, 2020)
  • Evidence: Physical therapy is effective for chronic whiplash and other soft tissue injuries, improving function and reducing pain.

 

Alternative Therapies

  • Acupuncture: May reduce pain by stimulating specific points in the body.
  • Chiropractic Care: Spinal adjustments to alleviate pain, particularly for neck and back injuries.
  • Massage Therapy: Helps promote relaxation and reduces muscle tension where the affected area needs attention.

Acupuncture and chiropractic care show promise for pain relief in soft tissue injuries through various results. Chiropractic care can incorporate soft tissue mobilization to increase internal rotation and improve range of motion by reducing musculoskeletal pain. (Jusdado-García & Cuesta-Barriuso, 2021)

 

Psychological Support

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps manage chronic pain by addressing emotional and psychological factors.
  • Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Reduces stress-related pain amplification.

 

3. Surgical Treatment Options

Surgery is rarely required for soft tissue injuries; however, they are considered during severe cases or when conservative treatments fail.

 

Arthroscopic Surgery

They are used to repair or remove damaged tissue from torn ligaments or tendons (e.g., rotator cuff tears). They are minimally invasive, utilizing smaller incisions to reduce persistent pain or instability, creating a faster recovery.

 

Tendon or Ligament Repair

  • Open surgery to reattach or reconstruct severely torn tendons or ligaments is often followed by extensive rehabilitation to restore function.
  • Indication: Complete tears causing significant functional impairment.

 

Fasciotomy

  • Rarely used for severe contusions causing compartment syndrome, where pressure buildup threatens tissue viability.
  • Involves cutting the fascia to relieve pressure.
  • Risks: Infection, scarring, and prolonged recovery.

 

4. Rehabilitation & Long-Term Management

  • Gradual Return to Activity: Follow a structured rehabilitation plan to prevent re-injury.
  • Pain Monitoring: Regularly assess pain levels to adjust treatments as needed.
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Maintain a healthy weight, practice good posture, and avoid activities that strain the injured area.

Structured rehabilitation programs improve outcomes for soft tissue injuries by providing multimodal treatments that are customized for the individual. (Bussières et al., 2016)

 

Considerations & Precautions

  • Individualized Care: Treatment plans should account for age, overall health, and injury severity.
  • Avoid Overtreatment: Overuse of medications or unnecessary surgeries can lead to complications.
  • Follow-Up: Regular check-ups to monitor recovery and address persistent pain.
  • Legal and Insurance Aspects: Documents of injuries and treatments for insurance claims or legal proceedings should be related to the accident.

 

Conclusion

Following a car accident, pain treatment calls for a multimodal approach, especially for soft tissue injuries such sprains, strains, and whiplash. The combination of early medical examination, non-surgical therapies such as RICE, medication, physical therapy, and, in rare instances, surgical intervention may help people achieve successful pain relief and rehabilitation. The best results are ensured by seeking advice from medical experts and following evidence-based recommendations.


Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic

We associate certified medical providers who understand the importance of assessing individuals with pain-like symptoms affecting their musculoskeletal system. When asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to incorporate customized treatment plans for their pain correlated with musculoskeletal issues after being involved in an auto accident. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., uses this information as an academic service. Disclaimer


References

Arosarena, O. A., & Eid, I. N. (2021). Mechanisms of Soft Tissue Injury. Facial Plast Surg, 37(4), 424-431. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1727247

Bannister, G., Amirfeyz, R., Kelley, S., & Gargan, M. (2009). Whiplash injury. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume, 91-B(7), 845-850. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.91b7.22639

Bussières, A. E., Stewart, G., Al-Zoubi, F., Decina, P., Descarreaux, M., Hayden, J., Hendrickson, B., Hincapié, C., Pagé, I., Passmore, S., Srbely, J., Stupar, M., Weisberg, J., & Ornelas, J. (2016). The Treatment of Neck Pain–Associated Disorders and Whiplash-Associated Disorders: A Clinical Practice Guideline. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 39(8), 523-564.e527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2016.08.007

Hubbard, T. J., & Denegar, C. R. (2004). Does Cryotherapy Improve Outcomes With Soft Tissue Injury? J Athl Train, 39(3), 278-279. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15496998

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC522152/

Jusdado-García, M., & Cuesta-Barriuso, R. (2021). Soft Tissue Mobilization and Stretching for Shoulder in CrossFitters: A Randomized Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 575. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020575

Papadopoulos, E. S., & Mani, R. (2020). The Role of Ultrasound Therapy in the Management of Musculoskeletal Soft Tissue Pain. Int J Low Extrem Wounds, 19(4), 350-358. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534734620948343

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Spine and Back Pain: What to Expect After A Car Accident

Spine and Back Pain: What to Expect After A Car Accident

Here, you can find expert advice on coping with spine and back pain, the aftermath of a car accident, and improving your quality of life.

Introduction

People who have been in an automobile accident, even a little one, may have physical injuries to their back, spine, and upper and lower limbs. Acute or persistent pain may be the consequence of injuries brought on by the abrupt forces involved in a collision. Does stiffness affect your shoulders, back, and neck? Do you have back discomfort that radiates down? Or have you been unable to do your everyday chores due to persistent headaches? Today, we’ll examine and comprehend the reasons behind back and spine discomfort, identify its symptoms, and investigate how people may heal and reclaim their quality of life with the aid of efficient therapies like chiropractic adjustments.

 

Spine & Back Pain Causes After a Car Accident

The spine and back are vulnerable during a car accident due to the rapid acceleration, deceleration, and twisting motions that occur. Common causes of pain include:

  1. Whiplash and Soft Tissue Injuries: A person in a rear-end collision will experience a common injury known as whiplash. This musculoskeletal injury occurs when the head and neck are forcefully jerked forward and backward. (Stroke, 2023) This can strain or tear muscle tissue structures in the neck and upper back, leading to the development of pain and stiffness throughout the body.
  2. Herniated Discs: The impact of a car collision can cause the spinal segments to compress or displace the intervertebral discs, causing them to bulge or rupture. This may irritate nearby nerves, compressing them, resulting in back pain-associated numbness or weakness within the upper and lower extremities. (Ge et al., 2019)
  3. Spinal Misalignment: The sudden jolts and movements the body experiences after a car collision can misalign the spinal vertebrae, disrupting the spine’s natural curvature. This can lead to numerous pain-like symptoms, such as muscle spasms, restricted movement, and pain.
  4. Fractures or Dislocations: In severe accidents, the spinal vertebrae may fracture or dislocate, causing intense pain and potential nerve damage. These injuries can negatively influence an individual’s social and financial situation when being treated. (Fakharian et al., 2017)
  5. Facet Joint Injuries: The facet joints, which connect the vertebrae, can become sprained or damaged during a collision, leading to pain.

 

Symptoms of Spine & Back Pain

Depending on the collision’s severity, the spine and back can develop symptoms depending on the type of injury the person is experiencing. Common signs include:

  • Localized or Radiating Pain
  • Stiffness
  • Muscle Spasms
  • Numbness or Tingling
  • Headaches
  • Fatigue or Weakness

Delayed onset of symptoms is common, with pain or discomfort appearing hours or days after the accident. Seeking prompt medical evaluation is critical to prevent complications.

 



The Role Of Chiropractic Care in Treatment

Chiropractic care is a non-surgical treatment option focusing on restoring spinal alignment, improving mobility, and reducing pain within the musculoskeletal system. It is particularly effective for managing spine and back pain caused by car accidents. Key benefits of chiropractic care include:

  1. Spinal Adjustments: Chiropractors use controlled, manual techniques to realign the spine, relieve pressure on the compressed nerves, and restore joint function. This can reduce pain, improve mobility, and restore the normal range of spinal movement. (Choi et al., 2015)
  2. Soft Tissue Therapy: Chiropractors can incorporate massage or myofascial release techniques to help relax the tight muscles, reduce spasms, and promote healing in strained ligaments and tendons.
  3. Pain Management: Since chiropractic care can alleviate pain without reliance on medications, which may have side effects. Chiropractic adjustments and therapies target the root cause of discomfort.
  4. Rehabilitation Support: Chiropractors often provide exercises and stretches as part of the individual’s customized treatment plan to strengthen muscles and prevent future injuries.
  5. Holistic Approach: Chiropractic care emphasizes overall wellness, addressing physical symptoms and lifestyle factors that impact the person’s recovery process.

Chiropractic care is effective for conditions like whiplash, which is associated with neck and lower back pain. Compared to standard medical care, it reduces pain and improves function. (Bryans et al., 2014)

 

Other Treatment Options

While chiropractic care is highly effective, a comprehensive treatment plan may include:

  • Physical Therapy: To restore strength and flexibility back to the body while reducing low back and neck pain. (Alrwaily et al., 2019)
  • Pain Management: Over-the-counter or prescription medications for short-term relief.
  • Medical Imaging: X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans to diagnose fractures or herniated discs.
  • Surgery: In rare cases, for severe injuries like spinal fractures or significant disc herniations.

 

When to Seek Care

Individuals involved in a car accident must have a prompt evaluation by a healthcare provider, such as a chiropractor or physician. Even if symptoms are mild, this is essential because if the injuries are untreated, they can cause overlapping risk profiles or long-term complications to the body. A chiropractor can assess spinal alignment, recommend a personalized treatment plan, and coordinate with other providers.

 

Conclusion

Following a vehicle accident, those who have back and spine pain may find that their everyday lives are significantly impacted, but recovery may be aided by prompt action and the right treatment. A safe and efficient method for controlling pain, regaining function, and averting chronic problems is chiropractic therapy. A chiropractor may help people recover from accidents by determining the root causes of pain-like symptoms and promoting general wellbeing.

 


Injury Medical Chiropractic & Personal Injury Clinic

We associate certified medical providers who understand the importance of assessing individuals with pain-like symptoms affecting their spines and backs. When asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to incorporate customized treatment plans for their pain correlated with musculoskeletal issues. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., uses this information as an academic service. Disclaimer


References

Alrwaily, M., Schneider, M., Sowa, G., Timko, M., Whitney, S. L., & Delitto, A. (2019). Stabilization exercises combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Braz J Phys Ther, 23(6), 506-515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.10.003

Bryans, R., Decina, P., Descarreaux, M., Duranleau, M., Marcoux, H., Potter, B., Ruegg, R. P., Shaw, L., Watkin, R., & White, E. (2014). Evidence-based guidelines for the chiropractic treatment of adults with neck pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 37(1), 42-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2013.08.010

Choi, J., Lee, S., & Jeon, C. (2015). Effects of flexion-distraction manipulation therapy on pain and disability in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis. J Phys Ther Sci, 27(6), 1937-1939. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.1937

Fakharian, E., Mohammadzadeh, M., Saberi, H. R., Fazel, M. R., Rejali, M., Akbari, H., Mirzadeh, A. S., & Mohammadzadeh, J. (2017). Spinal injury resulting from car accident: Focus to prevention. Asian J Neurosurg, 12(2), 180-184. https://doi.org/10.4103/1793-5482.152110

Ge, C. Y., Hao, D. J., Yan, L., Shan, L. Q., Zhao, Q. P., He, B. R., & Hui, H. (2019). Intradural Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Case Report and Literature Review. Clin Interv Aging, 14, 2295-2299. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S228717

Stroke., N. I. o. N. D. a. (2023). Whiplash Information Page.  Retrieved from https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/whiplash

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Whiplash: A Comprehensive Guide for Patients

Whiplash: A Comprehensive Guide for Patients

Find essential information on whiplash, including signs, prevention tips, and recovery strategies for optimal health.

Introduction

An abrupt impact, whether from a vehicle accident, sports injury, or fall, may cause symptoms that start off as a small shock and progress to crippling pain and functional impairment. Whiplash is one such ailment that often lacks recognition due to its intricacy. Although it is often linked to rear-end crashes, whiplash is a complex injury that, if ignored, may have long-term consequences for the musculoskeletal system and cervical spine. Have you had shoulder and neck stiffness before? Do you have persistent, chronic headaches? Or does it seem like your neck’s range of motion is limited? We’ll talk about whiplash’s frequent origins, symptoms, effects on the cervical spine and musculoskeletal system, and evidence-based therapy options to lessen the pain-like symptoms in today’s post.

What Is Whiplash?

Whiplash is a type of neck injury associated with a rapid back-and-forth head-and-neck motion, mimicking the crack of a whip, hence the name. This causes persistent physical complaints and disability, and complaints when left untreated. (Mayou & Radanov, 1996) Medically, it is categorized under cervical acceleration-deceleration (CAD) injuries. This abrupt motion can damage muscles, ligaments, intervertebral discs, and even the neural structures of the cervical spine.

Common Causes Of Whiplash

While motor vehicle accidents are the most recognized cause, many mechanisms can precipitate a whiplash injury:

  • Rear-end car collisions
  • Contact sports (e.g., football, hockey, wrestling)
  • Physical assault or shaken trauma
  • Slips, trips, and falls
  • Roller coaster rides or sudden jolts

Even minor collisions at speeds as low as 5–10 mph can produce enough force to cause whiplash symptoms in vulnerable individuals.

 

Symptoms of Whiplash

When individuals are experiencing whiplash, the symptoms can appear immediately or may be delayed for 24–72 hours post-injury. Additionally, whiplash injuries are considered soft tissue injuries to the neck with various clinical symptoms that vary in severity and may include: (Chen et al., 2009)

  • Neck pain and stiffness
  • Reduced range of motion
  • Shoulder and upper back pain
  • Headaches, especially originating at the base of the skull
  • Jaw pain or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction
  • Dizziness or visual disturbances
  • Tingling or numbness sensations in the arms (cervical radiculopathy)
  • Fatigue and cognitive issues (“whiplash-associated disorders” or WAD)

 

How Whiplash Affects the Cervical Spine and Musculoskeletal System

Whiplash is more than just a soft tissue injury, as it impacts several interconnected systems:

1. Cervical Spine

The rapid motion during a whiplash injury can lead to:

  • Cervical facet joint irritation
  • Intervertebral disc compression or herniation
  • Muscle strain or ligamentous sprain
  • Altered cervical lordosis, leading to chronic postural imbalances

This causes pain, stiffness, and tenderness in the neck area due to injuries within the bony, muscular, and ligamentous regions. (Alektoroff & Papanagiotou, 2021)

 

2. Musculoskeletal Dysfunction

Whiplash often initiates a cascade of biomechanical issues:

  • Myofascial pain syndromes, especially in the trapezius, levator scapulae, and sternocleidomastoid muscles
  • Compensatory thoracic or lumbar strain
  • Poor proprioception and neuromuscular control
  • Chronic trigger points and fibrotic tissue development

The longer these musculoskeletal imbalances persist, the more likely they will evolve into chronic pain syndromes and central sensitization.

 


Why Choose Chiropractic?-Video


Diagnosing Whiplash

Diagnosis is largely clinical, supported by a thorough history and physical exam. Imaging may be required to rule out more severe pathology:

  • X-rays: To rule out fractures or malalignment
  • MRI: For soft tissue or disc pathology
  • CT scans: If fracture or serious trauma is suspected
  • Functional assessments: Range of motion, palpation, neurologic evaluation

Evidence-Based Treatments for Whiplash

Treatment for whiplash should be multimodal and individualized, focusing on restoring function, reducing inflammation, and promoting healing. (Bussieres et al., 2016)

 

1. Chiropractic Care

Chiropractic adjustments can offer significant benefits in managing whiplash-associated disorders:

  • Spinal manipulation therapy (SMT): Restores joint mobility, reduces cervical stiffness, and re-establishes biomechanical balance.
  • Myofascial release and soft tissue mobilization: Target muscle tension, trigger points, and fascial restrictions.
  • Postural retraining and ergonomic correction: Essential for long-term resolution.

Additionally, chiropractic patients experienced significant improvements in neck pain and function.

 

2. Physical Therapy

Individuals dealing with neck pain associated with whiplash can benefit from physical therapy to improve neck pain and disability. (Chrcanovic et al., 2022) Rehabilitative exercises are fundamental:

  • Neck range-of-motion drills
  • Isometric strengthening
  • Scapular stabilization and postural correction
  • Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)

 

3. Functional Medicine Approach

From a functional medicine standpoint, addressing systemic inflammation, nutritional deficiencies, and stress response can enhance recovery:

  • Anti-inflammatory nutrition (e.g., omega-3s, curcumin)
  • Magnesium and B-complex supplementation for nerve healing
  • Sleep optimization and cortisol balance

 

4. Other Complementary Treatments

  • Acupuncture: Improves blood flow and pain modulation while alleviating pain and promoting relaxation. (Moon et al., 2014)
  • Gua Sha or cupping therapy: Relieves muscular tension
  • Dry needling: Effective for persistent trigger points
  • Manual lymphatic drainage: For patients experiencing edema or prolonged inflammation

 

Recovery and Prognosis

With consistent and proper treatment, many individuals recover within a few weeks. However, approximately 30–50% of individuals may develop chronic symptoms if not properly managed early on. Factors predicting prolonged recovery include:

  • High initial pain intensity
  • Poor coping mechanisms
  • History of prior neck injury
  • Psychosocial stressors

Early intervention using a holistic, integrative care model offers the best outcomes in preventing chronic whiplash-associated disorders.

 

Final Thoughts

Beyond the common “neck strain” classification, whiplash is a complicated neuromusculoskeletal injury that requires careful consideration by both patients and medical experts. Accurate diagnosis and successful treatment depend on an understanding of the complex effects on the cervical spine, neurology, and musculoskeletal function. Reducing symptoms and improving quality of life may be achieved by combining non-surgical treatments as part of a personalized treatment strategy.


Injury Medical & Personal Injury Clinic

We associate certified medical providers who understand the importance of assessing individuals with whiplash associated with their necks. When asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to incorporate customized treatment plans for their pain associated with whiplash. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., uses this information as an academic service. Disclaimer


References

Alektoroff, K., & Papanagiotou, P. (2021). [Whiplash injury of the cervical spine]. Radiologe, 61(8), 710-713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-021-00877-5 (Schleudertrauma der Halswirbelsaule.)

Bussieres, A. E., Stewart, G., Al-Zoubi, F., Decina, P., Descarreaux, M., Hayden, J., Hendrickson, B., Hincapie, C., Page, I., Passmore, S., Srbely, J., Stupar, M., Weisberg, J., & Ornelas, J. (2016). The Treatment of Neck Pain-Associated Disorders and Whiplash-Associated Disorders: A Clinical Practice Guideline. J Manipulative Physiol Ther, 39(8), 523-564 e527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2016.08.007

Chen, H. B., Yang, K. H., & Wang, Z. G. (2009). Biomechanics of whiplash injury. Chin J Traumatol, 12(5), 305-314. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19788851

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1008127509600651?via%3Dihub

Chrcanovic, B., Larsson, J., Malmstrom, E. M., Westergren, H., & Haggman-Henrikson, B. (2022). Exercise therapy for whiplash-associated disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Pain, 22(2), 232-261. https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2021-0064

Mayou, R., & Radanov, B. P. (1996). Whiplash neck injury. J Psychosom Res, 40(5), 461-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(95)00586-2

Moon, T. W., Posadzki, P., Choi, T. Y., Park, T. Y., Kim, H. J., Lee, M. S., & Ernst, E. (2014). Acupuncture for treating whiplash associated disorder: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2014, 870271. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/870271

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Histamine Intolerance and Your Diet Explained

Histamine Intolerance and Your Diet Explained

Learn everything about histamine intolerance and its effects on your health. Discover symptoms and dietary tips to manage it.

Introduction

How often does eating cause discomfort or a burning feeling in your stomach? After consuming a certain dish, does your skin get heated and irritated? Or have you seen that your upper muscles begin to hurt as a result of your frequent sneezing? A histamine assault that affects the body and immune system may be the cause of these circumstances for many people. The function of histamine in the body, its symptoms, the reasons of histamine intolerance, and potential dietary strategies to lessen histamine-related bodily responses will all be covered in today’s article.

What Is Histamine?

The immune system serves as the body’s first line of defense against any external invaders found within the human body. The human body needs histamine to function. As a chemical messenger, it functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain and aids in controlling inflammatory and immunological responses as well as the production of stomach acid. In addition to being present in many foods, it is naturally created by mast cells, basophils, and certain neurons. Throughout the body, histamine attaches itself to histamine receptors (H1, H2, H3, and H4). (Patel & Mohiuddin, 2025) These receptors mediate the following processes:

  • Vasodilation, or blood vessel widening
  • Secretion of gastric acid
  • Contraction of smooth muscles
  • Signaling in the nervous system
  • Activation of the immune system

To put it briefly, histamine is necessary for preserving homeostasis and protecting the body from infections. But balance is essential. Excess histamine causes symptoms that are frequently confused with allergies, gastrointestinal issues, or hormone imbalances, particularly when the body is unable to effectively break it down.

 

What Is Histamine Intolerance

An actual allergy is not histamine intolerance. Rather, it describes a diminished capacity of the body to metabolize histamine, frequently as a result of low levels of the enzymes histamine-N-methyltransferase (HNMT) and diamine oxidase (DAO), which are both involved in this process. (Comas-Baste et al., 2020) Histamine builds up when these enzymes are compromised or overloaded, leading to a series of symptoms that can be transient, sporadic, or chronic, contingent on hormone levels, gut health, food consumption, and environmental circumstances.

 

Symptoms of Histamine Intolerance

Since histamine intolerance impacts several systems, it is frequently challenging to identify when a patient is receiving treatment. This is because histamine is a strong inflammatory mediator linked to allergic reactions that alters the body’s tissues and arteries. (Branco et al., 2018) The following symptoms can range in severity from mild to severe:

 

Dermatological:

  • Flushing or redness of the skin
  • Hives (urticaria)
  • Eczema or unexplained itching

Gastrointestinal:

  • Bloating, gas, or abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea or constipation
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Heartburn (due to increased stomach acid)

Respiratory:

  • Nasal congestion or a runny nose
  • Asthma-like symptoms
  • Difficulty breathing (in severe cases)

Cardiovascular:

  • Low blood pressure
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Rapid or irregular heartbeat

Neurological:

  • Headaches or migraines
  • Anxiety
  • Insomnia or sleep disturbances
  • Brain fog or difficulty concentrating

Reproductive:

  • Menstrual irregularities
  • Worsened symptoms during estrogen surges (e.g., ovulation, PMS)

If symptoms improve with a low-histamine diet or DAO supplementation, this may point toward histamine intolerance.

Causes and Risk Factors of Histamine Intolerance

1. Enzyme Deficiency

The most direct cause is a deficiency or dysfunction in the enzymes DAO (in the gut) or HNMT (in tissues), which are responsible for breaking down histamine.

2. Gut Dysbiosis

When the gut microbiome becomes imbalanced with environmental factors, it can lead to increased histamine production by certain bacteria and reduced DAO activity, especially in cases of:

  • Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
  • Leaky gut syndrome

This is because gut bacteria play a crucial role in the body, providing food digestion and immune activation, and regulating the entero-endocrine signaling pathways to ensure the body works properly. (Dicks, 2022)

3. Genetic Polymorphisms

Variants in genes encoding DAO or HNMT enzymes may reduce their function, increasing susceptibility to histamine intolerance.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies

Vitamin B6, copper, and vitamin C deficiency—all cofactors for DAO activity—can impair histamine metabolism.

5. Medications

Several medications are known to block DAO or trigger histamine release, such as:

  • NSAIDs (ibuprofen, aspirin)
  • Antidepressants (SSRIs, MAO inhibitors)
  • Muscle relaxants
  • Diuretics
  • Certain antibiotics

6. Hormonal Fluctuations

Estrogen can inhibit DAO, which explains why many women experience worsened histamine symptoms during PMS, pregnancy, or estrogen-dominant conditions like PCOS or endometriosis.


Fighting Inflammation Naturally-Video


High-Histamine Foods to Avoid

To manage histamine intolerance, a low-histamine diet is often a first-line approach. Common high-histamine or histamine-liberating foods include:

  • Aged cheeses (Parmesan, blue cheese)
  • Processed meats (salami, ham, bacon)
  • Fermented foods (sauerkraut, soy sauce, kombucha, yogurt)
  • Alcohol (especially red wine and beer)
  • Vinegar and pickled products
  • Tomatoes, eggplants, and spinach
  • Citrus fruits
  • Shellfish
  • Chocolate
  • Nuts (especially walnuts, cashews, peanuts)

This is because environmental factors like eating various foods can lead to food intolerances, thus causing histamine accumulation. (Jochum, 2024)

Foods That May Help Reduce Histamine Reactions

A well-structured anti-histamine diet should include foods that are low in histamine and support DAO activity and gut health.  A low histamine diet can reduce the chances of histamine reactions by eliminating foods that contain histamine and cause responses in the body. (Sanchez-Perez et al., 2021) Here are some food categories that may help minimize histamine burden:

1. DAO-Supportive Nutrients

  • Vitamin C: Bell peppers, broccoli, kiwi, strawberries
  • Vitamin B6: Bananas, turkey, sunflower seeds
  • Copper: Shiitake mushrooms, sesame seeds, cashews (with caution)

2. Natural Antihistamine Foods

These help stabilize mast cells and reduce histamine release:

  • Quercetin-rich foods: Apples (peeled), onions, kale, green tea
  • Turmeric: Contains curcumin, which has mast-cell-stabilizing properties
  • Ginger: Helps with nausea and inflammation
  • Holy basil (tulsi): Adaptogen and natural antihistamine

3. Gut-Healing Foods

  • Bone broth (if tolerated; avoid long cooking times to reduce histamine)
  • Fresh meats and poultry (cooked and eaten immediately)
  • Non-citrus fruits like pears, blueberries, and watermelon
  • Gluten-free whole grains (quinoa, rice, millet)

Functional Medicine Approach to Histamine Intolerance

When finding a holistic approach for reducing histamine intolerance, many healthcare professionals can devise a customized treatment plan to assess the individual.  Histamine intolerance often exists alongside broader systemic dysfunctions such as:

  • Chronic stress
  • Heavy metal toxicity
  • Hormonal imbalance
  • Environmental triggers
  • Autoimmune conditions

In addressing histamine intolerance, it’s important to:

  1. Identify underlying triggers using functional lab testing (e.g., gut microbiome panels, food sensitivity testing, genetic SNP analysis).
  2. Rebuild DAO capacity with nutrient repletion and, if necessary, temporary DAO supplementation.
  3. Support detoxification pathways, especially the liver and gut.
  4. Heal the gut barrier through probiotics (non-histamine producing), prebiotics, and anti-inflammatory foods.

Final Thoughts: Empowering Healing Through Nutrition and Insight

Histamine intolerance may have a significant impact on many people’s quality of life, although it is often misdiagnosed or ignored. Many people find great comfort by comprehending the symptoms, identifying the underlying causes, and implementing thoughtful food and lifestyle adjustments. Like any chronic illness, bio-individuality is important. One person’s triggers could be quite harmless to another. Trial and error, close observation, and sometimes expert advice are all common steps on the road to recovery. A personalized holistic treatment plan may help people with histamine intolerance regain equilibrium and enhance their overall health.


Injury Medical & Functional Medicine Clinic

We associate with certified medical providers who understand the importance of assessing individuals with histamine intolerances affecting their bodies. When asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to incorporate small changes in their routine to reduce the chances of aggravating histamine symptoms from affecting the body. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., uses this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.


References

Branco, A. C. C. C., Yoshikawa, F. S. Y., Pietrobon, A. J., & Sato, M. N. (2018). Role of Histamine in Modulating the Immune Response and Inflammation. Mediators of Inflammation, 2018, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/9524075

Comas-Baste, O., Sanchez-Perez, S., Veciana-Nogues, M. T., Latorre-Moratalla, M., & Vidal-Carou, M. D. C. (2020). Histamine Intolerance: The Current State of the Art. Biomolecules, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10081181

Dicks, L. M. T. (2022). Gut Bacteria and Neurotransmitters. Microorganisms, 10(9), 1838. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091838

Jochum, C. (2024). Histamine Intolerance: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Beyond. Nutrients, 16(8), 1219. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081219

Patel, R. H., & Mohiuddin, S. S. (2025). Biochemistry, Histamine. In StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32491722

Sanchez-Perez, S., Comas-Baste, O., Veciana-Nogues, M. T., Latorre-Moratalla, M. L., & Vidal-Carou, M. C. (2021). Low-Histamine Diets: Is the Exclusion of Foods Justified by Their Histamine Content? Nutrients, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13051395

Disclaimer

Perimenopause: Managing Changes and Challenges

Perimenopause: Managing Changes and Challenges

Find useful information on perimenopause, including potential symptoms and expert tips to cope effectively.

Introduction

Regarding one’s health and well-being, many people often become aware of how their bodies are naturally changing. This may include both male and female hormonal changes as well as the normal skeletal deterioration that occurs inside the joints. Andropause is the period of time when male testosterone levels begin to diminish. Menopause is the natural aging process that begins for women when their levels of the hormones progesterone and estrogen start to decline. Nevertheless, women experience perimenopause prior to menopause taking place. This article will discuss the definition and symptoms of perimenopause, its effects on the musculoskeletal system, and strategies for managing these problems.

 

What Is Perimenopause?

Do you experience mental fogginess, where you can’t remember what you were doing? How often do your joints ache after doing a simple errand? Or how frequently does your bladder feel full that you constantly need to go to the bathroom? Many of these issues are associated with hormonal changes within the body. For women, perimenopause is a transformative menopausal stage that usually occurs in women in their 40s and early 50s, which is widely recognized for hormonal shifts and reproductive changes in the body.

Functional Medicine Doctor for Women's Hormones | El Paso, TX Chiropractor

Additionally, perimenopause usually starts when a woman is dealing with a persistent difference in their menstrual cycle length after 12 months. (Lega & Jacobson, 2024) This is due to the ovarian hormone production of estrogen and progesterone fluctuating unpredictably.

 

Common Symptoms Of Perimenopause

When it comes to perimenopause, it can affect women differently with its symptoms. Since hormones during perimenopause fluctuate unpredictably. This is because for women, ovarian hormones like estrogen play an important role in maintaining health and homeostasis by modulating the body’s nervous, endocrine, and immune function. (Priyanka & Nair, 2020) Some of the other symptoms that are included with perimenopause are:

  • Vasomotor symptoms: Hot flashes, night sweats
  • Sleep disturbances: Insomnia, early waking
  • Mood changes: Irritability, anxiety, depression
  • Cognitive difficulties: Brain fog, memory lapses
  • Urogenital symptoms: Vaginal dryness, urinary urgency
  • Menstrual irregularities: Skipped, prolonged, or heavy periods

Additionally, since perimenopausal symptoms vary from woman to woman, perimenopause can also affect the musculoskeletal system in the body.

 


Assessing Hormone Therapy- Video


How Perimenopause Affects The Musculoskeletal System

The musculoskeletal system’s various muscles, tissues, and ligaments allow the body to be mobile and flexible without pain. However, environmental factors like physical inactivity, poor dietary habits, and chronic issues affect the musculoskeletal system, leading to overlapping risk profiles affecting the body. For perimenopausal women, their musculoskeletal system is affected by fluctuating estrogen hormone levels. When it comes to perimenopause, the musculoskeletal system will begin to develop various issues that can affect the body over time. When a woman is going through perimenopause, their bone mineral density is reduced as well as their muscle mass due to the decline of estradiol. (Wright et al., 2024) This causes the musculoskeletal system to develop:

  • Increased joint stiffness (especially in the morning) and muscle pain
  • Osteopenia and osteoporosis
  • Sarcopenia (loss of muscle mass)

This is due to hormones being associated with inflammation. When a woman has low or fluctuating estrogen hormone levels, it can lead to developmental changes in their pain perception in their muscles. The hormone estrogen is responsible for inhibiting the actions of inflammatory mediators in osteoblasts and stromal cells to ensure that bone mass is reabsorbed into the skeletal system. When perimenopause naturally occurs in the body, estrogen levels decline, and the development of musculoskeletal issues starts to appear.

 

Managing Perimenopausal Symptoms

Now, when it comes to managing perimenopausal symptoms, many women can start researching non-surgical treatments and incorporating various techniques to help manage the symptoms and reduce any pain from musculoskeletal issues associated with perimenopause. Below are some therapeutic options for perimenopausal women to manage their symptoms and restore their musculoskeletal system.

 

Hormone Therapy

For many women, hormone replacement therapy remains the gold standard for treating moderate to severe vasomotor and musculoskeletal symptoms. Hormone therapy for perimenopausal women can help restore estrogen production to the body and accelerate skeletal growth. (Moustakli & Tsonis, 2023) Estrogen therapy can:

  • Reduce joint and muscle pain
  • Slow bone density loss
  • Improve overall well-being

Note: HRT is not suitable for everyone, particularly those with a history of breast cancer, thromboembolic disease, or certain cardiovascular conditions. Always conduct a thorough risk-benefit analysis.

 

Exercise & Nutrition

For perimenopausal women, proper nutrition and exercise can help manage the perimenopausal symptoms and maintain muscle tone. Incorporating nutritional foods with high protein, calcium, and vitamin D can help maintain skeletal muscle mass and regulate proper hormone functioning. (Erdélyi et al., 2023) Combined with exercises, it can help strengthen weak muscles, improve bone density, and promote flexibility while retaining the joint’s range of motion. Exercises like tai chi are excellent for perimenopausal women as they combine meditation through slow and gentle movements that can lower fracture risk, improve muscle strength, and restore balance functionality. (Li et al., 2023)

 

Manual Therapies

Many women find relief with:

  • Acupuncture: Shown to help reduce chronic pain affecting the joints and provide anti-inflammatory effects to the musculoskeletal system. (Zhao et al., 2023)
  • Mind-body therapies: Meditation, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to address mood swings and insomnia
  • Chiropractic and physical therapy: Effective in managing musculoskeletal discomfort

 

Final Thoughts

For many women, the perimenopause is a normal time of life, and it significantly affects musculoskeletal health. Women may handle this shift with fortitude and resiliency if they remain proactive with lifestyle changes, medical treatments, and routine monitoring. In order to help women feel strong and supported throughout their perimenopausal journey, a customized treatment plan that honors their individual needs might be helpful.


Injury Medical & Functional Wellness Clinic

We associate with certified medical providers who understand the importance of assessing individuals dealing with musculoskeletal issues related to perimenopause. When asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to incorporate numerous techniques to reduce pain-like symptoms related to the musculoskeletal system. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., uses this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.


References

Erdélyi, A., Pálfi, E., Tűű, L., Nas, K., Szűcs, Z., Török, M., Jakab, A., & Várbíró, S. (2023). The Importance of Nutrition in Menopause and Perimenopause—A Review. Nutrients, 16(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010027

Lega, I. C., & Jacobson, M. (2024). Perimenopause. CMAJ, 196(34), E1169. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.240337

Li, J., Guo, J., Wang, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Bu, M., Yao, X., & She, Y. (2023). Efficacy and safety of tai chi exercise on bone health: An umbrella review. Osteoporos Int, 34(11), 1853-1866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-023-06830-7

Moustakli, E., & Tsonis, O. (2023). Exploring Hormone Therapy Effects on Reproduction and Health in Transgender Individuals. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 59(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59122094

Priyanka, H. P., & Nair, R. S. (2020). Neuroimmunomodulation by estrogen in health and disease. AIMS Neurosci, 7(4), 401-417. https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2020025

Wright, V. J., Schwartzman, J. D., Itinoche, R., & Wittstein, J. (2024). The musculoskeletal syndrome of menopause. Climacteric, 27(5), 466-472. https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2024.2380363

Zhao, F.-Y., Zheng, Z., Fu, Q.-Q., Conduit, R., Xu, H., Wang, H.-R., Huang, Y.-L., Jiang, T., Zhang, W.-J., & Kennedy, G. A. (2023). Acupuncture for comorbid depression and insomnia in perimenopause: A feasibility patient-assessor-blinded, randomized, and sham-controlled clinical trial. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1120567

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Muscles Retighten: The Importance of Ongoing Care

Muscles Retighten: The Importance of Ongoing Care

Why do the muscles retighten days or weeks later for individuals who have received massage or chiropractic adjustments?

Muscles Retighten: The Importance of Ongoing Care

Muscles Retighten

Muscles can retighten again days or weeks after chiropractic treatment and/or a massage. A few factors may cause this.

  • Muscle memory: The body’s natural tendency to return to its previous state of tension.
  • This includes all the unhealthy postures/positioning
  • Delayed inflammatory response.
  • The body’s natural healing process
  • How muscles respond to manipulation
  • The need for ongoing maintenance of muscle health

After a massage, muscles can experience a temporary increase in soreness or tightness as the body heals from any minor damage or inflammation caused by the massage. Additionally, if the underlying issue causing muscle tightness is not addressed, the muscles may revert to their original state over time. (Cleveland Clinic, 2024)

Causes

Causes for muscles to retighten.

Underlying Issues

  • If the root cause of the muscle tightness is not addressed, such as unhealthy posture, injuries, repetitive motions, or muscle imbalances, it can lead to further complications.
  • In that case, the muscles may return to their original state after a few days or weeks.

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

  • For example, muscles feel sore after intense exercise, and individuals can also experience DOMS after a massage, especially if they are particularly tight or if it’s been a while since their last massage. (Healthline, 2020)

Delayed Inflammatory Response

  • Massage can sometimes cause microscopic tears or inflammation in muscle tissue, which triggers the body’s natural healing process.
  • This response can cause soreness and temporary tightness, as the body repairs the damaged tissue even after the initial massage. (Essential Chiropractic, 2025)

Muscle Memory

  • The body tends to revert to habitual patterns of muscle tension, especially if the underlying cause of the tightness isn’t addressed.
  • Muscles can retain how they were manipulated during the massage and may revert to their original tightness if they haven’t been consistently relaxed.

Muscle Guarding

  • The individual and body can subconsciously tense muscles to avoid pain or soreness, even after the massage.
  • This muscle guarding can counteract the benefits of the massage and lead to a renewed cycle of tension. (Bhimani R. H., & Soomar D. 2019)

Muscle Health Maintenance

  • Regular Maintenance
  • Muscles need consistent care to maintain their optimal state of health and function.
  • Regular massages and other lifestyle changes, such as stretching and strengthening exercises, can help maintain muscle flexibility and reduce the likelihood of muscle tightness returning.

Individual Variation

  • Factors like the type of massage received, the frequency of massages, and individual body responses can all influence how long a massage’s benefits last. (Cleveland Clinic, 2024)

Massage Treatment

Muscles can retighten after a massage due to the body’s response to the pressure and manipulation during the treatment. This can include individual sensitivity to massage, the type of massage, and hydration levels, which can also play a role.

Type of Massage

  • Deep tissue massage, which focuses on specific muscle groups and applies deeper pressure, may cause more soreness than other types of massage.
  • Some individuals may be more sensitive to massage and experience soreness, even with a gentle massage. (Cleveland Clinic, 2024)

Muscle Fiber Manipulation

  • Deep tissue massage can break down spasms or microtears in muscle fibers, leading to soreness.
  • This is similar to the microscopic tears that occur during exercise, which are necessary for muscle repair and growth.

Dehydration

  • Individuals who are not adequately hydrated may experience increased soreness after a massage. (Cleveland Clinic, 2024)

Lactic Acid Buildup

  • During an intense massage, particularly deep tissue, lactic acid can build up in the muscles, leading to soreness and tightness.
  • (Healthline, 2020)

Muscle Tensions

  • If the muscles were particularly tense or knotted before the massage, the manipulation could lead to soreness as the knots get worked out.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

As a Family Practice Nurse Practitioner, Dr. Jimenez combines advanced medical expertise with chiropractic care to address various conditions. Our clinic integrates Functional MedicineAcupunctureElectro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine to create customized care plans that promote natural healing, mobility, and long-term wellness. By focusing on flexibility, agility, and strength, we empower patients to thrive, regardless of age or health challenges. At El Paso’s Chiropractic Rehabilitation Clinic & Integrated Medicine Center, we passionately focus on treating patients after injuries and chronic pain syndromes. We focus on improving your ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs tailored for all age groups and disabilities. We use in-person and virtual health coaching and comprehensive care plans to ensure every patient’s personalized care and wellness outcomes.


Secrets of Optimal Wellness


References

Cleveland Clinic. (2024). How to Relieve Muscle Soreness After a Massage. https://health.clevelandclinic.org/why-does-my-body-feel-worse-after-a-massage

Healthline. (2020). How to Relieve Sore Muscles After a Massage. https://www.healthline.com/health/sore-after-massage#causes-of-soreness

Essential Chiropractic and Physiotherapy. (2025). Muscle Ache After Massage: Common Causes and Relief. https://essentialchiropractic.co.uk/muscle-ache-after-massage-common-causes-and-relief/#:~:text=Post%2Dmassage%20soreness%20is%20a,hours%20as%20the%20muscles%20recover.

Bhimani, R. H., & Soomar, D. (2019). Understanding Symptoms of Muscle Tightness, Weakness, and Rigidity From a Nursing Perspective. Rehabilitation Nursing: The Official Journal of the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses, 44(5), 271–281. https://doi.org/10.1097/rnj.0000000000000151

Center of Gravity: Understanding Body Balance

Center of Gravity: Understanding Body Balance

What is the body’s center of gravity to understand and maintain a healthy posture and balance?

Center of Gravity: Understanding Body Balance

Center of Gravity

The human center of gravity, or COG, also known as the center of mass, with the two terms being interchangeable, is where the body’s weight appears to be concentrated. It’s a point in space where the entire body’s mass can be concentrated. When standing upright, the COG is generally located behind the navel and in front of the sacrum, around the level of the second vertebra. (Le Huec, J. 2011) The center of gravity is related to posture, including issues such as swayback, the design of posture exercise programs, and much more.

  • Gravity is a downward pull or force the Earth exerts on the body, creating weight. (NASA, 2013)
  • The center of gravity (COG) is where a body’s weight is equally balanced in all directions. (Physiopedia, 2025)
  • When the COG is defined, it is done from the reference of a static, standing position.
  • Because the body is in motion when we change positions, the COG is located in a new position with each new position.
  • The center of gravity is the point around which all the parts balance, which may be inside or outside the body.
  • Even slight changes in position can change where the COG is. (Physiopedia, 2025)

Key aspects of the COG

Location

  • When standing upright, the COG is typically found at the second vertebral level, behind the navel and in front of the sacrum. (Le Huec, J. 2011)

Shifting COG

  • The COG can shift depending on body position, posture, and movements like bending forward or backward. (Physiopedia, 2025)

Balance Impact

  • The relationship between the COG and the base of support (the area of the body in contact with the ground) is fundamental to maintaining balance.

Variations

  • There can be variations in the COG location based on factors like gender (men tend to have a slightly higher COG), body shape, and even conditions like obesity or chronic low back pain. (Physiopedia, 2025)

Biomechanics

  • Understanding the COG is crucial in biomechanics and movement analysis, as it’s an index of total body motion and how the body responds to external forces.

The Human Center

The center of gravity is the point at which the body’s mass is equally balanced. This point changes depending on one’s position:

  • Arms up/down
  • Leaning
  • Turning

With strength and flexibility training, the human body can change its center of gravity, as gymnasts and dancers do.

  • When standing, the center of gravity is normally located behind the navel and in front of the sacrum bone (made up of five vertebrae fused vertically) at about the second vertebra level. (Hasegawa K. et al., 2022)
  • Because the body has moving parts, its overall shape changes every time it moves. Carrying something like a suitcase or grocery bag or wearing a backpack adds weight to some areas but not others, changing the center of gravity as it does.
  • The center of gravity is a continually changing point inside or outside the body that represents where the weight or mass of the rest of the body is equally balanced in every direction.
  • This point can and does change based on what is being carried and how it is carried, as well as body position and movements.

Chronic Lower Back Pain

  • A study in the Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation found that individuals with chronic lower back pain tend to have their center of gravity located excessively towards the back. (Kim D. H., Park J. K., & Jeong M. K. 2014)
  • In the study, the individuals had decreased low back strength upon extension and a reduced normal low back curve.
  • The researchers found that those with chronic lower back pain whose center of gravity was too far back may need physical therapy to retrain the body to overcome strength and balance challenges to re-establish and maintain a healthy posture.

Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic

As a Family Practice Nurse Practitioner, Dr. Jimenez combines advanced medical expertise with chiropractic care to address various conditions. Our clinic integrates Functional MedicineAcupunctureElectro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine to create customized care plans that promote natural healing, mobility, and long-term wellness. By focusing on flexibility, agility, and strength, we empower patients to thrive, regardless of age or health challenges. At El Paso’s Chiropractic Rehabilitation Clinic & Integrated Medicine Center, we passionately focus on treating patients after injuries and chronic pain syndromes. We focus on improving your ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs tailored for all age groups and disabilities. We use in-person and virtual health coaching and comprehensive care plans to ensure every patient’s personalized care and wellness outcomes.


Enhance Your Lifestyle Today with Chiropractic Care


References

Le Huec, J. C., Saddiki, R., Franke, J., Rigal, J., & Aunoble, S. (2011). Equilibrium of the human body and the gravity line: the basics. European spine journal: official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 20 Suppl 5(Suppl 5), 558–563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-011-1939-7

NASA. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. (2013). What is gravity? Retrieved from https://gracefo.jpl.nasa.gov/news/5/what-is-gravity/

Physiopedia. (2025). Centre of gravity. https://www.physio-pedia.com/Centre_of_Gravity

Hasegawa, K., Amabile, C., Nesme, M., & Dubousset, J. (2022). Gravity center estimation for evaluation of standing whole body compensation using virtual barycentremetry based on biplanar slot-scanning stereoradiography – validation by simultaneous force plate measurement. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 23(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04948-5

Kim, D. H., Park, J. K., & Jeong, M. K. (2014). Influences of posterior-located center of gravity on lumbar extension strength, balance, and lumbar lordosis in chronic low back pain. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 27(2), 231–237. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-130442

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