Therapeutic massage guns are great for athletes and fitness enthusiasts. Can daily massage gun use be incorporated into a daily routine?
Contents
Daily Massage Gun Use
Athletes or individuals participating in recreational sports and exercise may want to consider adding a massage gun to their daily routine. Massage guns create short, repeated bursts of pressure on certain areas of the body. Most massage guns have multiple settings to allow for different preferences and levels of intensity. They can help by warming up the muscles and during recovery. While the benefits are still being researched, daily massage gun therapy can improve the quality of physical activity, exercise, and life.
Benefits
Because massage guns work by softly and repeatedly stimulating or massaging the muscles, they are gentle enough to use daily as long as they are used correctly. They offer several benefits, including increasing physical ability and reducing recovery time. One study found that consistently using a massage gun increased the quality of life in fibromyalgia patients, indicating potential beyond exercise and sports. (Kraft, K., Kanter, S., and Janik, H. 2013) Some of the benefits include:
Decrease Muscle Soreness
Delayed-onset muscle Soreness/DOMS is a feeling of soreness experienced after a workout or intense manual labor. An example is waking up and feeling sore from work or exercising the previous day (National Academy of Sports Medicine, 2024). A study compared the effectiveness of vibration and massage therapy on DOMS. Both were found to be equally effective in preventing delayed onset muscle soreness. (Imtiyaz, S., Veqar, Z., and Shareef, M. Y. 2014)
Help Prevent Muscle Fatigue
Muscle fatigue occurs when the muscles are overworked and cannot function. Reduced muscle performance can lead to shorter workouts and injuries. A study on non-athletic males found that massage therapy helped prevent or reduce muscle fatigue. Researchers also found that different massage gun settings prevented or prolonged the onset of muscle fatigue. (Otadi, K. et al., 2019)
Increase Range of Motion
Range of motion/ROM describes the flexibility of a muscle or joint in the body. When engaging in physical activity or exercise, it is vital to know and consider the range of motion of the joints to ensure proper form and decrease the risk of injury. One study found that massage therapy can improve joint performance by increasing an individual’s range of motion. (Lyu, B. J. et al., 2020) The performance of the joints depends in part on the muscles that expand and contract to move it. Another research study found that a five-minute massage on certain muscle groups improved muscle performance and range of motion. (Konrad, A. et al., 2020)
Increase Muscle Strength and Endurance
Muscle strength and endurance are key components of a healthy musculoskeletal system and are essential to avoid straining or overworking muscles. Muscle strength describes the immediate performance of a muscle or muscle group, and muscle endurance describes how long performance can be sustained. (Lyu, B. J. et al., 2020) Massage therapy has been shown to improve muscle strength and endurance by helping increase immediate performance and the number of repetitions an individual can endure. (García-Sillero, M. et al., 2021)
Improve Agility
Agility is the ability to accelerate, decelerate, stabilize, and quickly change directions while maintaining proper posture. (National Academy of Sports Medicine, 2024) It is a skill that needs to be developed. One study found that engaging in massage therapy before a workout could improve agility. (Lyu, B. J. et al., 2020)
Daily Use
A massage gun is safe to use daily as long as it is used properly. Using a massage device correctly will improve effectiveness and prevent discomfort or injury. Recommended daily usage of a massage gun includes:
Set the massage gun to the lowest setting.
Use a light touch.
Adjust the speed to comfort level, ensuring there is no pain.
Focus the massage gun on an area for 10 to 30 seconds.
Hover it across the muscle or tendon to allow the vibrations to do their job.
Do this over the desired areas as part of a warm-up and cool-down.
Safety
While massage guns are useful for warmups and workout recovery, they should be used cautiously. Individuals should use massage guns over muscles and not on bony or sensitive areas. Individuals should avoid massaging around vital organs and/or inflamed body areas as these areas could cause a jarring or uncomfortable sensation and lead to injury. If the massage gun is causing bruising, sensitivity, or discomfort, stop using it and allow the body to recover before trying again. If pain persists, talk to a healthcare provider or a physical therapist. They can determine what is causing issues, whether a massage gun is being used correctly, and whether it is an appropriate self-care treatment for the individual. There are situations where using a massage gun is not advised. Individuals should talk to a healthcare provider before using the device if they have any of the following:
Have a musculoskeletal condition like osteoporosis or arthritis.
Take blood thinners.
Have anemia.
Have other blood-related conditions.
Are older than 65.
Take several medications.
Have a broken bone or a fracture.
Have varicose veins or a history of deep vein thrombosis.
Using a massage gun can help improve performance and reduce recovery time and can be incorporated into a daily routine.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic treats patients’ injuries and chronic pain syndromes. We focus on improving ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs tailored to the individual. We use in-person and virtual health coaching and comprehensive care plans to ensure every patient’s care and wellness outcomes. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans that include Functional Medicine, Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine principles. Our goal is to relieve pain naturally by restoring health and function to the body. Patients who need other treatment will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with the top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and premier rehabilitation providers to provide our community with the best clinical treatments.
Enhance Your Lifestyle With Chiropractic!
References
Kraft, K., Kanter, S., & Janik, H. (2013). Safety and effectiveness of vibration massage by deep oscillations: a prospective observational study. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2013, 679248. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/679248
National Academy of Sports Medicine. Kaminski, J. (2024). Muscle soreness & DOMS. NASM. https://blog.nasm.org/doms-muscle-sorenes
Imtiyaz, S., Veqar, Z., & Shareef, M. Y. (2014). To Compare the Effect of Vibration Therapy and Massage in Prevention of Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS). Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 8(1), 133–136. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2014/7294.3971
Otadi, K., Ghasemi, M., Jalaie, S., Bagheri, H., Azizian, M., Emamdoost, S., Sarafraz, H., & Sepahvand, M. (2019). A prophylactic effect of local vibration on quadriceps muscle fatigue in non-athletic males: a randomized controlled trial study. Journal of physical therapy science, 31(3), 223–226. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.31.223
Lyu, B. J., Lee, C. L., Chang, W. D., & Chang, N. J. (2020). Effects of Vibration Rolling with and without Dynamic Muscle Contraction on Ankle Range of Motion, Proprioception, Muscle Strength and Agility in Young Adults: A Crossover Study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(1), 354. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010354
Konrad, A., Glashüttner, C., Reiner, M. M., Bernsteiner, D., & Tilp, M. (2020). The Acute Effects of a Percussive Massage Treatment with a Hypervolt Device on Plantar Flexor Muscles’ Range of Motion and Performance. Journal of sports science & medicine, 19(4), 690–694.
García-Sillero, M., Jurado-Castro, J. M., Benítez-Porres, J., & Vargas-Molina, S. (2021). Acute Effects of a Percussive Massage Treatment on Movement Velocity during Resistance Training. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(15), 7726. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157726
National Academy of Sports Medicine. Miller, K. (2024). Speed, agility, and quickess: SAQ. NASM. https://blog.nasm.org/sports-performance/speed-agility-quickness-saq
For individuals who like sweet foods but want to maintain health, how do honey and maple syrup compare nutritionally?
Contents
Honey and Maple Syrup
Cutting back on sugar intake is recommended for overall health, but that does not mean eliminating sweeteners completely for most. Honey and maple syrup can flavor various dishes, baked goods, beverages, and more. Because of their natural origins, honey and maple syrup can seem interchangeable as they are brown, thick, and sweet. Maple syrup and honey can be part of a healthy diet in moderation, sweetening everything from breakfast to dinnertime dishes. Depending on individual dietary goals or taste preferences, individuals may have a personal favorite, but neither is better than the other. The nutritional makeup of these two sweeteners is distinct, and there are recommended practices for when to include each in cooking and baking.
Nutrition
Honey is slightly higher in calories, carbohydrates, and sugar than maple syrup and somewhat lower in fat. Maple syrup comprises more micronutrients, such as calcium and manganese, but it also has more sodium than honey. Nutrition information for
For food-labeling purposes, honey and maple syrup have different serving sizes:
One tablespoon of honey
1/4 cup of maple syrup
Nutritional Comparison
Honey 1 tbsp. Maple syrup 1 tbsp.
Calories: 64 – 52
Fat: 0g – >1g
Sodium: >1mg – 2.4mg
Carbohydrates: 17.3g – 13.4g
Fiber: >1g – 0g
Sugars: 17.2g – 12.1g
Protein: >1g – >1g
Calcium: 1.26mg – 20.4mg
Manganese: 0.17mg – 0.582mg
Zinc: 0.046mg – 0.294mg
Riboflavin: 0.008mg – 0.254mg
Similarities
Honey and maple syrup are similar liquid sweeteners nutritionally. Both contain no substantial amount of fat or protein, with carbohydrates from sugar supplying all their calories. Both also contain some micronutrients and antioxidants. Research has revealed promising levels of antioxidants in honey (Schramm, D. D. et al., 2003) and maple syrup (Li, L., and Seeram, N. P. 2011) that could contribute to reducing oxidative stress, a key component in preventing some chronic diseases.
Differences
The nutrition differences between maple syrup and honey are more significant. Although a tablespoon of honey has only eight more calories than maple syrup, this can add up depending on the amount used. In a quarter cup, honey contains 32 more calories than maple syrup or 128 more calories in 1 cup. The carbohydrate count of maple syrup and honey is similar, but there is a difference of one teaspoon of added sugar. Honey and maple syrup are not identical in micronutrient levels. Honey contains small amounts of vitamins C and B, but individuals would have to consume a lot of honey to receive the benefits. In 100 grams, around five tablespoons of honey, individuals receive about 1% of the RDA for vitamin C. Maple syrup is a healthy source of manganese, riboflavin, and zinc.
Health Benefits
Honey Health Benefits
Honey’s antioxidants help clean cells of damaging free radicals. It can also be used as food and medicine during cold and flu season. Research has shown that a spoonful could be a more effective treatment for a cough than over-the-counter medications. (Oduwole, O. et al., 2018) Those with allergies may want to consider visiting a local beekeeper. While inconclusive, some studies (Asha’ari, Z. A. et al., 2013) have found that eating local raw honey can help improve seasonal allergy symptoms.
Maple Syrup Health Benefits
Maple syrup offers health benefits, particularly because it contains high amounts of manganese and riboflavin. Manganese is a trace mineral the body does not need very much of but does need to operate efficiently. It is essential to bone and tissue formation, blood clotting, proper immune response, and sexual function. Riboflavin helps create usable energy from food and could help prevent cancer and migraines. (National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements, 2022) Maple syrup also offers benefits for individuals with certain chronic health conditions. Its lower glycemic index makes it recommended for those with diabetes or other blood sugar conditions. Because of the type of sugar it contains, those with irritable bowel syndrome/IBS may be able to digest maple syrup better than honey. Maple syrup and honey both contain simple sugars; however, fructose in honey may not be digested as well in individuals with IBS who need a low FODMAP diet.
Preparation and Cooking
Honey and maple syrup have distinctive flavors, so the individual can choose where and when to use each. Maple syrup has a more earthy, woodsy taste, while honey has floral hints and a thicker texture. Honey does well in salad dressings and marinades, where it can cling to other foods, whereas maple syrup blends easily in baked goods. Both work well in various food preparations. Rules of thumb for using honey and maple syrup include:
Both can be used in place of sugar as long as the liquid in the recipe is adjusted.
For every cup of sugar replaced by honey or maple syrup, decrease other liquid ingredients by three to four tablespoons.
Scaling back a little is recommended if using either as a substitute for table sugar.
Both maple syrup and honey are sweeter than sugar; replacing sugar requires only three-fourths of either.
Lifestyle and Safety
Sometimes, when to use honey and maple syrup has nothing to do with nutrition or taste. Vegans, for example, often choose not to consume honey because it’s an insect by-product. A vegan lifestyle may prefer maple syrup, which is 100% plant-based. Parents of infants under one should keep honey off the menu. Honey can contain small amounts of the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, which can cause botulism poisoning in babies; for babies under 12 months old, maple syrup or other sweeteners are recommended in baked goods or cooked meals. However, while honey can be harvested almost anywhere honeybees live, maple syrup is native only to a small region of eastern North America, and obtaining the syrup may not be possible.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, chiropractic adjustments, functional medicine, acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, and sports medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.
Balancing Body and Metabolism
References
U.S. Department of Agriculture, FoodData Central. (2018). Syrups, maple. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169661/nutrients
U.S. Department of Agriculture, FoodData Central. (2018). Honey. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169640/nutrients
Schramm, D. D., Karim, M., Schrader, H. R., Holt, R. R., Cardetti, M., & Keen, C. L. (2003). Honey with high levels of antioxidants can provide protection to healthy human subjects. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 51(6), 1732–1735. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf025928k
Li, L., & Seeram, N. P. (2011). Further investigation into maple syrup yields 3 new lignans, a new phenylpropanoid, and 26 other phytochemicals. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 59(14), 7708–7716. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf2011613
Oduwole, O., Udoh, E. E., Oyo-Ita, A., & Meremikwu, M. M. (2018). Honey for acute cough in children. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 4(4), CD007094. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007094.pub5
Asha’ari, Z. A., Ahmad, M. Z., Jihan, W. S., Che, C. M., & Leman, I. (2013). Ingestion of honey improves the symptoms of allergic rhinitis: evidence from a randomized placebo-controlled trial in the East coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Annals of Saudi medicine, 33(5), 469–475. https://doi.org/10.5144/0256-4947.2013.469
National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements. (2022). Riboflavin: Fact sheet for health professionals. Retrieved from https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Riboflavin-HealthProfessional/
Can Tabata training help burn more calories during and after workouts for individuals who do interval training?
Contents
Tabata Training
Also known as the Tabata Protocol, Tabata training can bring variety to workouts, burn more calories, and get more out of exercise time. This workout is a form of high-intensity interval training, or HIIT, designed to increase heart rate in the hard anaerobic zone for short periods. The intervals are short, the workouts are fast, and the body benefits. The recommendation is to add Tabata training once a week to see how the body responds.
Protocol Format
This HIIT workout is so effective because of the work-to-rest ratio. Individuals only get 10 seconds of rest between each 20-second session of exercise. That short interval is insufficient to recover fully, but it is great for building endurance and getting in shape. The format consists of:
Twenty seconds of a very high-intensity exercise – sprints, burpees, squat jumps, etc.
Tabata training can improve two of the body’s main energy systems. It targets the anaerobic energy system responsible for short, high-intensity exercises like sprints and the aerobic energy system for endurance exercises like long, slow running. In traditional interval training, moderate intensity and steady-state cardio target the aerobic system. Still, unless the individuals work way out of their comfort zone, they don’t necessarily improve the anaerobic system. (Astorino, T. A. et al., 2012) However, high-intensity interval training with a rest period shorter than the work period can target both systems, providing benefits for athletes and fitness enthusiasts. (Tabata, I. et al., 1996)
Safety Precautions
However, these workouts are not for everyone. Tabata training is advanced and best suited to athletes and experienced fitness enthusiasts. Beginners should start with lighter interval training and gradually work their way up to this level of intensity. Try 20 seconds on/10 seconds off with easier exercises like walking or low-impact moves like marching in place, step touches, or knee lifts.
Workout Tips
Individuals can do Tabata training with almost any activity or cardiovascular machine. This Tabata cardio workout includes a variety of bodyweight exercises that, if done at full intensity, will increase heart rate.
Warm-Up
Before trying this type of workout, ensure the body is thoroughly warmed up for at least 10 minutes.
Start Slow
Individuals new to this type of training start with 5 to 6 cycles of each exercise and increase rest to 20 or 30 seconds.
As the body gets used to the workout and builds stamina, gradually shorten the rest periods and increase the number of cycles.
Rest Between Sets
Individuals who do more than one Tabata set as many workouts call for rest for at least 60 seconds between sets.
Monitor Intensity Frequently
Intensity accumulates through each cycle, peaking at the end of the workout when muscles are tired, and form becomes sloppy, increasing the risk of injury.
Take Rest Days
The recommendation is that the workout be done no more than 1 to 2 times a week, with rest in between, to avoid overtraining and injury.
Listen to your body when doing any high-intensity exercise. High-intensity interval training is very taxing on the body, so it’s easy to overdo it if you’re not careful. If you feel too breathless, extend recovery times or take extra breaks. If you are in pain or discomfort, take a break, try different exercises, or stop for the day.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic treats patients’ injuries and chronic pain syndromes. We focus on improving ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs tailored to the individual. We use in-person and virtual health coaching and comprehensive care plans to ensure every patient’s personalized care and wellness outcomes. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans that include Functional Medicine, Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine principles. Our goal is to relieve pain naturally by restoring health and function to the body. If he feels the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them as Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with the top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and premier rehabilitation providers to provide our community with the best clinical treatments.
Improving Athletic Performance Through Chiropractic
References
Emberts, T., Porcari, J., Dobers-Tein, S., Steffen, J., & Foster, C. (2013). Exercise intensity and energy expenditure of a tabata workout. Journal of sports science & medicine, 12(3), 612–613.
Tabata, I., Nishimura, K., Kouzaki, M., Hirai, Y., Ogita, F., Miyachi, M., & Yamamoto, K. (1996). Effects of moderate-intensity endurance and high-intensity intermittent training on anaerobic capacity and VO2max. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 28(10), 1327–1330. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199610000-00018
Astorino, T. A., Allen, R. P., Roberson, D. W., & Jurancich, M. (2012). Effect of high-intensity interval training on cardiovascular function, VO2max, and muscular force. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 26(1), 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318218dd77
Are there ways to make ramen noodles healthier for those who enjoy them?
Contents
Ramen Noodles
Instant ramen noodles are dehydrated noodles flavored with powders. They are inexpensive and easy to prepare by adding hot water. However, these packaged noodles are high in fat and sodium. One package of ramen noodles has around 1,330 milligrams of sodium. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2019) However, a ramen meal can be made healthier by adding a source of protein and a serving of vegetables.
Nutrition
Ramen noodles have about 190 calories, 27 grams of carbohydrates, and 7 grams of total fat, including 3 grams of saturated fat. Unfortunately, they do not have any health benefits other than containing iron, which is necessary for moving oxygen throughout the body and preventing fatigue and anemia or iron deficiency. (Miller J. L. 2013) Because these noodles are low in fiber and nutrients, which are important factors in losing weight, they do not help with weight loss. The high sodium content can lead to bloating and water retention, which is not helpful when losing weight.
Healthy Ramen Makeover
Individuals can improve their nutritional value by adding ingredients low in calories and high in nutrients. This way, individuals can still have an inexpensive meal that isn’t entirely bad while increasing the volume. Adding chicken and vegetables adds vitamins and protein without much fat. Although each serving is still around 200 calories, it contains only 4.5 grams and less than 2 grams of saturated fat. This also increases the fiber from 1 gram to about 2.5 grams, adding vitamin A, lutein, and B vitamins. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2019) Adding vegetables and lean meats adds volume to the meal and helps increase the feeling of being full. (Mayo Clinic, 2024)
Recipe
A recipe for noodles with healthy fats, vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
Package of ramen noodles or cup of noodles.
One cup of cooked chicken breast.
One cup of frozen mixed vegetables like peas, carrots, and onions or a combination.
Prepare the noodles by cooking one package in three cups of boiling water until the noodles are soft.
Add the flavor packet.
Add cooked chicken breast meat and frozen vegetables.
Stir until vegetables are heated thoroughly.
Complete the meal with a small salad dressed with olive oil, vinegar, or light salad dressing.
Try out other Recipes
Try other proteins, vegetables, and flavorings. Shrimp or cooked fish can add healthy omega-3 essential fatty acids (Swanson, D. et al., 2012), or vegetarian protein like tofu or legumes for added protein. Enhance the flavor with sesame oil, mushrooms, bean sprouts, etc. Reduce the amount of powder from the flavoring pack to reduce sodium even more. To compensate for the loss of flavor, try supplementing with garlic, pepper, or favorite herbs. For those who prefer the cups of noodles, remember each cup is two servings. Prepare a cup of hot water and place the noodles on top of cooked vegetables and meat.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic providers use an integrated approach to create personalized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, and sports medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.
Atherosclerosis: The Joint Pain Connections
References
U.S. Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central. (2019). Nissin, Top Ramen, Ramen Noodle Soup, Chicken. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/410139/nutrients
Miller J. L. (2013). Iron deficiency anemia: a common and curable disease. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 3(7), a011866. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a011866
Mayo Clinic. (2024). Weight loss: Feel full on fewer calories. https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/weight-loss/in-depth/weight-loss/art-20044318
Swanson, D., Block, R., & Mousa, S. A. (2012). Omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA: health benefits throughout life. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 3(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.111.000893
For individuals dealing with constipation issues, can using an osmotic laxative help treat and prevent constipation?
Contents
Osmotic Laxative
Osmotic laxatives can help treat or prevent constipation by increasing the amount of water in the colon, softening stools, and making them easier to pass. Some osmotic laxatives are used for bowel preparation to help clear the colon before a colonoscopy. They are available over the counter and by prescription and can contain different active ingredients, including polyethylene glycol/PEG, lactulose, sorbitol, magnesium citrate, and magnesium hydroxides.
How They Work
Constipation occurs when stools are irregular and hard to pass, as they are usually hard and dry. An osmotic laxative helps relieve constipation by increasing the amount of fluid in the intestines. They pull water from the colon’s wall to the inside, softening stools and making them easier to pass. The term osmotic refers to the movement of fluids through a membrane with the concentration equal on both sides. In individuals with constipation problems, the concentration of water in the colon’s wall and the inside of the colon/lumen is balanced but insufficient to compensate for hard, dry stools. This is especially true of those who don’t drink enough water. Osmotic laxatives alter the balance with substances like salts, sugars, and other organic compounds to encourage water movement into the lumen.
How Are They Different?
Most laxatives are generally used for the treatment of occasional constipation. Osmotic laxatives work differently because they are used to prevent or treat chronic constipation. Other types of laxatives include:
Emollient
These are made with a surfactant called docusate.
Surfactants are substances that draw and spread fats and water.
Docusate increases the passage of water and fats into stools to soften them.
Lubricant
These are made with oily substances, like mineral oil, that help the stool slide through the intestine.
Stimulant
These laxatives relieve constipation by causing the intestines to contract and push out the stools.
Osmotic Laxatives
The common osmotic laxatives are made with different active ingredients that include:
Polyethylene Glycol – PEG
This organic compound is derived from petroleum and can be safely ingested to manage constipation.
Available over the counter.
These include Miralax and GlycoLax.
Lactulose
This is a type of sugar that is not absorbed by the intestine.
Instead, the sugar sits and ferments in the intestines, producing fatty acids that pull water into the lumen.
Available by prescription, including Cephulac, Duphalac, Kristalose, and others.
Sorbitol
This is also a non-absorbable sugar with activation similar to lactulose.
Over-the-counter and prescription versions include Arlex and GeriCare.
Magnesium Citrate
Magnesium citrate is magnesium in salt form combined with citric acid.
The salts help pull water into the lumen.
Over-the-counter versions include Citrate of Magnesia, Citroma, and LiquiPrep.
Magnesium Hydroxide
This milder form of magnesium is sold under the brand Milk of Magnesia.
Milk of Magnesia is also an antacid and is available over the counter.
Potential Side Effects
As with all medications, there can be potential side effects. Most are relatively mild and resolve independently within a few days. Common side effects include:
Abdominal cramping
Bloating
Nausea
Diarrhea
Flatulence
Overusing laxatives can cause dehydration and the loss of electrolytes like sodium, calcium, potassium, minerals the body needs to regulate heartbeat, muscle contractions, and other essential functions. (Tropini, C. et al., 2018) Consult with a healthcare provider to ensure you use any laxative correctly, whether over-the-counter or prescription. For those thinking about using osmotic laxatives, be sure to follow the dosing instructions carefully, avoid complications, and use only when needed. Individuals with chronic constipation should see a healthcare provider so that they can identify the underlying cause. Diet, exercise, and increased fluid intake can sometimes improve the condition. Others may require treatments that extend beyond the use of laxatives.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to create personalized treatment programs. We passionately focus on treating patients’ injuries and chronic pain syndromes. Using an integrated approach to improve ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs tailored to the individual. Our providers use Functional Medicine, Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine principles. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and rehabilitation providers if other treatments are needed. Our goal is to relieve pain naturally by restoring health and function to the body.
Poop Testing: What? Why? and How?
References
Tropini, C., Moss, E. L., Merrill, B. D., Ng, K. M., Higginbottom, S. K., Casavant, E. P., Gonzalez, C. G., Fremin, B., Bouley, D. M., Elias, J. E., Bhatt, A. S., Huang, K. C., & Sonnenburg, J. L. (2018). Transient Osmotic Perturbation Causes Long-Term Alteration to the Gut Microbiota. Cell, 173(7), 1742–1754.e17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.05.008
For individuals and athletes with a gluteal contusion with severe bruising, can a healthcare provider determine if there are any other injuries to underlying structures, including muscle or tendon tears?
Contents
Gluteal Contusion
A gluteal contusion is an injury, in this case, a bruise to the buttocks’ gluteal muscles caused by damage to muscle fibers and blood vessels. A buttock bruise is caused by direct bodily impact, typically from falls, automobile collisions, accidents, bumping into something, or being struck by an object or person. Like all bruises, a gluteal bruise most often results in pain and visible discoloration of the skin at the injury site, varying in severity from grade I to grade III, with higher-graded bruises requiring more time to heal. Most butt bruises can heal on their own with time and rest, but if bruising is severe, individuals may require physical therapy to restore full muscle function.
Symptoms
A contusion is a muscle injury that can affect the body’s skeletal muscles. A gluteal contusion can be painful, with a black and blue mark that changes color over time. Other symptoms may include: (Mount Sinai, 2024)
Tenderness to touch over the injury site
Increased pain with contraction of the glutes
Swelling
Discomfort with sitting
Causes
A contusion occurs from direct trauma and forceful impact on the gluteal muscles, causing damage to underlying blood vessels, muscle fibers, and sometimes bone, resulting in bleeding under the skin. (MedlinePlus, 2016) Direct impacts to the gluteal muscles that can cause a contusion include:
Falls
Car accidents
Direct hits to the buttocks from a piece of sports equipment or person.
Bumping into furniture, a door, or a counter.
Intramuscular injections into the gluteal muscles.
Individuals who take blood thinners or anticoagulant medication have an increased risk of bruising from direct contact injuries.
Diagnosis
A gluteal contusion is usually diagnosed through a physical examination and is generally straightforward to diagnose based on physical appearance, symptoms, and type of injury. Contusions can be graded based on the severity according to the following criteria (Fernandes, T. L. et al., 2015)
Grade I
An injury that affects only a small amount of muscle fibers, resulting in minimal pain, tenderness, and possible swelling.
Causes minimal or no loss of strength in the affected muscle or range of motion limitations.
Muscle use is typically unaffected.
Grade II
An injury that causes significant damage to muscle fibers, resulting in increased pain and impaired muscle contraction.
A small muscle defect can be felt to the touch.
Discoloration increases over the first few days after injury.
Grade III
An injury that involves extensive muscle fiber damage and bleeding across an entire area of a muscle that results in severe, and sometimes total, loss of muscle function.
Causes severe pain and significant discoloration of the skin.
When contusions are larger, deeper, and involve significant blood pooling and swelling, they are called hematomas.
If the bruising is severe, a diagnostic ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may be used to determine whether any underlying structures are damaged.
Treatment
Contusions are generally mild injuries. Treatment typically involves rest to allow the muscles to heal from the bleeding and the bruising to dissipate.
Applying ice to the injury site can help relieve pain and inflammation.
If the bruising is severe, significant physical activity like sports, dancing, running, jumping, and weight lifting should be avoided until the muscles heal. (Mount Sinai, 2024)
With more severe bruising, contraction and stretching of the glutes are painful and can require longer healing and recovery time.
Physical therapy rehabilitation may be needed for more significant injuries to restore muscle function.
Prognosis
A mild injury usually heals on its own with time and rest. More significant injuries take longer to heal and may require physical therapy to build strength and range of motion if muscle function is affected.
Healing Time and Recovery
Healing and recovery times for gluteal contusions vary depending on the severity of the injury (Fernandes T. L. et al., 2015)
Grade I
Minor injuries that cause minimal discomfort typically heal fully in five days to two weeks.
Grade II
During the first two to three days, contusions develop, increasing discoloration under the skin, and complete healing can take two to three weeks.
Return to sport is typically resumed after a month.
Grade III
Contusions can take up to four to six weeks to heal, often requiring rehabilitation to restore muscle strength and range of motion.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
At Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic, we passionately focus on treating patients’ injuries and chronic pain syndromes. We focus on improving ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs tailored to the individual. We use in-person and virtual health coaching and comprehensive care plans to ensure every patient’s personalized care and wellness outcomes. Our providers use an integrated approach to create personalized care plans that include Functional Medicine, Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine principles. Our goal is to relieve pain naturally by restoring health and function to the body. If he feels the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them as Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with the top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and premier rehabilitation providers to provide our community with the best clinical treatments.
Building a Stronger Body
References
Mount Sinai. (2024). Bruise. https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/injury/bruise
MedlinePlus. (2016). Bruises. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/bruises.html
Fernandes, T. L., Pedrinelli, A., & Hernandez, A. J. (2015). MUSCLE INJURY – PHYSIOPATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND CLINICAL PRESENTATION. Revista brasileira de ortopedia, 46(3), 247–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2255-4971(15)30190-7
Can the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire help assess how low back pain impacts individuals’ ability to perform everyday tasks and activities and help physical therapists incorporate the outcome measure into an effective treatment plan?
Contents
Oswestry Disability Questionnaire
The Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, also known as the Oswestry Disability Index, provides objective data about an individual’s lower back pain. It determines the severity of the pain and how much it limits their daily activities. The questionnaire is a validated measure backed by research that can be used to justify the need for medical treatment. It includes questions regarding the symptoms and severity of low back pain and how these symptoms interfere with regular activities. Lower back pain can result from various causes (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2020)
Arthritis, including inflammatory types of arthritis like psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Lumbar vertebrae compression fractures – usually from trauma or osteoporosis.
Low back surgery – including spinal fusions, discectomies, and laminectomies.
Spinal stenosis
Spondylolisthesis
Scoliosis
How The Questionnaire Works
The Oswestry Disability Questionnaire consists of 10 questions about the impact of lower back pain on daily life. The questions are divided into the following categories: (American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, N.D.)
Pain Intensity
How intense is the pain?
If painkillers are used, how much symptom relief do they provide?
Personal Care
Can the patient perform self-care activities like bathing and dressing when experiencing significant pain or limitations?
Whether physical assistance from another person is needed?
Lifting
Can the patient lift objects like weights with or without pain?
Can lifting be performed from the floor or a higher surface like a table if the objects are light, moderate, or heavy?
Walking
If and to what extent does the pain limit the patient’s walking distance and independence?
If an assistive device like a cane or crutches are needed?
Sitting
If so, how much pain limits the patient’s sitting tolerance?
Standing
If so, how much pain limits the patient’s standing tolerance?
Sleeping
If so, how much pain limits a patient’s sleeping duration?
Whether pain medication is needed to help the patient sleep comfortably?
Social Life
If and to what extent a patient’s social activities are limited because of pain symptoms?
Traveling
If so, to what extent does pain limit a patient’s ability to travel?
Employment and/or Homemaking Duties
Does pain limit a patient’s ability to perform job-related and/or household activities, including physically demanding and light duties?
Patients self-report the information and complete it on their own based on their understanding of the extent of their lower back pain and disability.
Each question can be scored between 0 and 5, with 0 indicating no limitations and 5 indicating complete disability.
The scores from all the questions are added together for a cumulative total score of 50 points.
Scores
The Oswestry Disability Questionnaire assesses how much a patient’s lower back pain limits daily activities. This information is used in clinical documentation for medical services. A higher score indicates a greater level of disability, according to the following scoring criteria:
0–4: No disability
5–14: Mild disability
15–24: Moderate disability
25–34: Severe disability
35–50: Completely disabled
Physical therapists must create individualized goals for each patient to develop a treatment plan and receive authorization from insurance companies. One of the most important aspects of a physical therapy goal is that it must be measurable. The Oswestry Disability Questionnaire provides a numerical score to track functional limitations and monitor the range of motion and strength testing. A baseline measurement is taken at the beginning of treatment, and progress is tracked in follow-up visits. A new score is used as a treatment goal. According to a study, the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire is 12.88. The MCID is the minimum score healthcare providers need to confirm a patient’s progress in function due to treatment. (Johnsen, L. G. et al., 2013)
By tracking changes in the total score before, during, and after treatment, healthcare providers can better assess whether treatment improves symptoms. A decrease in total score by 13 points or more would indicate that treatment is helping to improve a patient’s lower back pain and level of disability. Along with physical examination results, the patient’s score and the severity of symptoms can help healthcare providers determine an appropriate treatment plan.
No Disability
Treatment is unnecessary other than providing advice for lifting mechanics and general physical activity to maintain health.
Mild Disability
Conservative measures, such as physical therapy, exercise, hot or cold therapy, pain medication, and rest, are needed to help alleviate symptoms.
Moderate Disability
More aggressive intervention is needed, which can include extensive physical therapy services and pain management.
Severe Disability
Significant medical intervention is needed, including surgery, pain management, equipment like wheelchairs, and help from a caretaker.
Completely Disabled
Patients are either bedbound or have worsening symptoms, and a caretaker is needed to complete daily activities and self-care tasks.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Improvements in range of motion, strength, and quality of movement and a decrease in total score can help show the treatment’s positive impact in managing lower back pain. A thorough medical exam and diagnostic tests, such as X-ray, MRI, or EMG, can help determine the underlying causes, discover the cause of the problem, and develop an effective treatment plan. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop personalized treatment programs. Using an integrated approach to treating injuries and chronic pain syndromes to improve flexibility, mobility, and agility and help individuals return to normal activities. Our providers use Functional Medicine, Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine principles. If other treatments are needed, Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and rehabilitation providers.
Optimizing Your Wellness
References
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (2020). Low Back Pain Fact Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.ninds.nih.gov/sites/default/files/migrate-documents/low_back_pain_20-ns-5161_march_2020_508c.pdf
American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. (N.D.). Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. https://www.aaos.org/globalassets/quality-and-practice-resources/patient-reported-outcome-measures/spine/oswestry-2.pdf
Johnsen, L. G., Hellum, C., Nygaard, O. P., Storheim, K., Brox, J. I., Rossvoll, I., Leivseth, G., & Grotle, M. (2013). Comparison of the SF6D, the EQ5D, and the oswestry disability index in patients with chronic low back pain and degenerative disc disease. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 14, 148. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-14-148
Back pain is one of the most common reasons for seeking health care. Individuals dealing with back pain but don’t know the cause may have some inflammatory joint disease or autoimmune condition. Can seeing a rheumatologist help?
Contents
Rheumatologist
Depending on what’s causing the back pain, individuals may need to see their primary doctor for a referral. Individuals are recommended to see a rheumatologist if they have back pain that doesn’t come from an injury that doesn’t go away after a few weeks, pain that comes back after treatment, or symptoms that suggest a rheumatic condition. Rheumatologists treat severe or persistent back pain and are experts in autoimmune diseases, including lupus, Sjogren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondylitis, Psoriatic arthritis, and other forms of inflammatory or autoimmune arthritis.
What Do They Do?
A rheumatologist is an internist or pediatrician who has completed special training in treating conditions that are:
Inflammatory
Autoimmune
Related to painful joint disease
The doctors diagnose, treat, and manage these conditions long-term. Depending on diagnosis and care needs, they may also lead or be part of a team that includes other healthcare providers.
Symptoms
When muscles ache, pain presents, or joints hurt, and especially if there are signs of inflammation that don’t go away, seeing a healthcare provider is recommended. Symptoms of inflammation include:
Redness
Swelling
Pain
Stiffness
Loss of joint function
Usually, to see a rheumatologist, individuals need a referral from their primary care provider and may be referred when:
There is no evidence of a back injury.
At-home therapies like heat application, prescription medications, or physical therapy are unsuccessful.
There is uncertainty about what’s causing the back pain, but I suspect it’s rheumatological.
Blood tests for inflammatory markers or certain antibodies yield abnormal results.
There is a diagnosis of a rheumatic condition and recommend a specialist to manage it.
There is a family history of a rheumatic or autoimmune condition that may cause back pain.
Some types of arthritis can cause permanent, progressive joint damage.
Conditions
Conditions that can affect the spine and cause back pain and are treated by a rheumatologist include: (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2024)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
This often starts in smaller joints of the hands and feet and later moves to the neck and/or back.
It can also affect different body organs and have systemic symptoms.
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS)
Primarily a disease of the spine, it may also impact the shoulders, hips, knees, and ankles.
Systemic symptoms, including fever and fatigue, can manifest.
Axial Spondylitis
This primarily affects the spine, chest, and pelvis.
It may also cause problems with the connective tissue, eyes, bowel, and skin.
Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA)
Pain in the lower back is common, especially in severe cases.
It can affect other joints and cause psoriasis.
Reactive Arthritis
This is a reaction to infection.
It is more common in the limbs, hands, and feet joints but can involve the spine.
Enteropathic Arthritis
This mainly affects the spine but can include other joints.
It is associated with inflammatory bowel disease.
Autoimmune diseases that don’t specifically target the spine but can also cause back pain include:
Lupus
Sjögren’s syndrome
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Finding a Doctor
Individuals may be fine with their primary healthcare provider’s choice regarding which rheumatologist to see. However, they may want to research other options to ensure the right rheumatologist is chosen. Things to look at include:
Search online medical directories.
Visit the websites of the doctors being considered to learn more about their training, approach, and specialties.
Check online reviews.
Check on health insurance coverage.
Ask members of the healthcare team, friends, and family for recommendations.
Contact rheumatologists’ offices to see if they are accepting new patients.
Once decided, pass along the information to the primary care doctor so they can make the referral.
Preparing For The Initial Visit
Before seeing a new rheumatologist, take a few minutes to prepare so you can make the most of the appointment. Individuals will want to have:
A list of back-related symptoms, including frequency and severity.
A list of what makes symptoms better or worse.
A copy of recent test results and records from other doctors.
Individuals can ask their provider/s to send their medical information to the rheumatologist’s office in advance.
A list of treatments that have been tried and how well they worked.
A list of all medications, over-the-counter and prescription, supplements, and herbal products taken.
A list of medication allergies.
Complete medical history and family history of potentially related diseases.
A list of any questions regarding conditions, treatment, etc.
If possible, fill out any paperwork for the new office beforehand to save time on the appointment day.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Talking with a healthcare provider is important. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop personalized treatment programs. Using an integrated approach to treating injuries and chronic pain syndromes to improve flexibility, mobility, and agility and help individuals return to normal activities. If other treatments are needed, Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and rehabilitation providers.
Quick Patient Initiation Process
References
Hospital for Special Surgery. (2023). What Is a Rheumatologist and What Conditions Do They Treat? https://www.hss.edu/conditions_what-is-a-rheumatologist.asp#when
Yale University School of Medicine. Dee, J. E. (2021). 5 reasons why a patient should see a rheumatologist. https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/5-reasons-to-see-a-rheumatologist/
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. (2023). Autoimmune diseases. Retrieved from https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/autoimmune-diseases
Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024). Spinal arthritis (arthritis in the back or neck). https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/spinal-arthritis
It can be challenging for individuals trying to keep their homes clean with chronic back pain. Can learning and proper body mechanics help manage household responsibilities without aggravating pain symptoms?
Contents
Household Chores
Household-related back problems usually occur because we don’t take the time to consider how to move and perform the tasks from a musculoskeletal perspective to avoid and prevent injuries. Most ergonomic tips for household chores revolve around the same ideas for athletes and fitness enthusiasts: maintain a neutral spine, avoid twisting when possible, strengthen the body’s core, take regular breaks, stretch, and don’t overdo it. A healthy body mechanics system works for those who garden as well. Using strategies like cleaning a little here and there instead of taking an entire day whenever possible and organizing tools ahead of time along with training oneself how to perform them in a way that the spine, back muscles, and the entire body are protected from injury, pain, sciatica, or re-injury. However, implementing proper body mechanics requires a willingness to become aware of how each task is performed and to retrain the body where necessary to a healthier method/technique and a happier household.
Vacuuming
Vacuuming is one of those chores that can quickly lead to a habitual bent-over posture. This is not recommended for the spine’s health; slouching, whether from a position held for a sustained period of time or an activity that requires repetition, can lead to problems with the intervertebral discs and pain symptoms. (Nazari J., Pope M. H., and Graveling R. A. 2012) Another posture that individuals tend to engage in is vacuuming with an overly straight back. Like slouching, keeping the spine rigidly over-extended while vacuuming can irritate the spine and cause muscle spasms. It can also increase the normal low back curve, which, in turn, may lead to extra tightness and a painful back.
Vacuuming with healthy body mechanics includes employing a minimal lunge that stays in a pain-free position that does not extend beyond the comfortable position. Individuals should place one foot in front of the other for a short distance. The stance is similar to the way fencers position themselves. This allows a shift forward and back during the vacuuming process instead of bending or rounding over at the spine. For those with sacroiliac joint issues, the forward placement of one leg may be more comfortable than the forward placement of the other. Try out and use the side that feels comfortable, and stick with that. Do not work in pain or through the pain. Switching legs and/or arms can help avoid muscle fatigue or injury triggers. Place the non-vacuuming hand on the thigh in front to help take the weight and pressure off the back. Maintain the pelvis in a level position when working. Another strategy for those who can get up and down from the floor without trouble is to vacuum while kneeling on one knee. This brings the body’s center of mass closer to the floor, reducing the degree to which the body has to deal with the force of gravity. Kneeling while vacuuming may also help prevent rounding over at the spine.
Dusting
When dusting, reduce the load off the back by propping the inactive arm on the item or area being cleaned. Alternatively, prop the arm on the thigh.
Laundry
In a large household, it is very easy to overdo laundry and trying to finish up as much as possible can lead to pain symptoms and injuries. If possible, break up the loads that have to be lifted or carried into smaller bundles that weigh less. This can mean more loads, but the strategy protects the back and spine. Avoid extremes in the spinal position; don’t round over at the spine or keep it rigid and over-extended. Lift with the legs and protect the discs. Adjustments that can be made to the basic lift with the leg and not the back strategy include putting the laundry basket on a table or chair that is preferably the same height as the washer or dryer. This will minimize bending. To relieve pressure on the back, use one hand to load the washer, dryer, or laundry basket while using one of the appliances to prop the other hand.
Dishes
During dishwashing, use a small step stool or box to help prevent injury and/or relieve pain. Place it in the cabinet under the sink and rest one foot on it. This strategy can work well for those with sacroiliac joint problems, especially if the foot on the pain-free side is the one placed on the box or stool. Ensuring foot placement reduces pain and discomfort and does not cause pain. Using a box or stool can also help with core stability. Core stability is one of the best ways, in general, to prevent injury and keep low back pain away. (Coulombe B. J., Games K. E., Neil E. R., and Eberman L. E. 2017) As the box is directly under the sink, the body has to firmly position itself against the counter, providing stability during the task. The box or stool will contract the pelvic and hip muscles and strengthen the core.
Sweeping
Many sweep, mop, and rake with their spines, which can be counterproductive to health, as twisting and bending simultaneously is a known risk factor for a herniated disc. (Shimia, M. et al., 2013) Use the arms and legs instead of overly involving the back during sweeping and raking. The idea is to reach and pull the broom or sweeper with the arms rather than twisting around to reach all the areas working with one leg in front of the other. When needing to change directions, pivot on the back leg, keeping the trunk relaxed, equivalent to a tai chi movement. Or, turn the whole body in different directions by taking small steps. Taking small steps or pivoting on the back leg to change the direction of the trunk and arms protects from overuse and extensive wear and tear.
Adjustments for a new method of household sweeping and raking include:
Sweeping or raking about 1 to 2 feet in front to avoid overreaching and strain.
Maintaining the spine in one long, flexible, but unbroken line.
The head, shoulders, rib cage, pelvis, knees, and feet should always face the same direction and be vertically balanced relative to one another.
This will mean changing directions by pivoting the back leg or moving the whole body around, taking small steps.
Consider using an ergonomically designed broom, sweeper, mop, rake, and other household tools. This will be a bend in the handle or stem to help avoid bending.
Injury Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop personalized treatment programs. We focus on what works for you and use an integrated approach to treating injuries and chronic pain syndromes to improve flexibility, mobility, and agility, relieve pain, and help individuals return to normal activities. Our providers use Functional Medicine, Acupuncture, Electro-Acupuncture, and Sports Medicine principles. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and rehabilitation providers if other treatments are needed.
Heel Spurs
References
Nazari, J., Pope, M. H., & Graveling, R. A. (2012). Reality about migration of the nucleus pulposus within the intervertebral disc with changing postures. Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 27(3), 213–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2011.09.011
Coulombe, B. J., Games, K. E., Neil, E. R., & Eberman, L. E. (2017). Core Stability Exercise Versus General Exercise for Chronic Low Back Pain. Journal of athletic training, 52(1), 71–72. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.11.16
Shimia, M., Babaei-Ghazani, A., Sadat, B. E., Habibi, B., & Habibzadeh, A. (2013). Risk factors of recurrent lumbar disk herniation. Asian journal of neurosurgery, 8(2), 93–96. https://doi.org/10.4103/1793-5482.116384
Individuals walking with a limp that results in pain could have an antalgic gait, an abnormal walking pattern commonly seen in emergency clinics and primary care offices. Can recognizing the symptoms help healthcare providers develop an effective treatment for the underlying cause?
Contents
Antalgic Gait
Limping and having an antalgic gait usually indicate a larger issue within the leg or lower back. It is the most common type of abnormal gait. There are various causes of antalgic gait, including acute injuries and gradually progressing medical conditions. The most common causes include osteoarthritis in one of the leg’s joints, lumbar radiculopathy, or an injury to a ligament or tendon. Paying attention to when the limping occurs, and any accompanying symptoms can help determine its origins.
Walking
When limping, the stance phase during walking is shorter than the swing phase. Individuals may widen their legs apart to provide a support base to compensate for the imbalance. In severe cases, an individual may swing their leg irregularly or take several side steps.
Causes and Symptoms
Antalgic gait can be caused by pain in any part of the lower extremity. Limping when walking may be a primary concern but is rarely the only complaint. Other associated symptoms may also be present, depending on the cause. These include:
Limited range of motion
Joint stiffness
Muscular weakness
Numbness and tingling
Pain
Swelling
Leg instability or buckling
Clicking or popping
Common Causes include:
Hip, knee, and/or Foot problems
When the hip, knee, ankle, or foot joints are injured or have some issue, walking can be painful and lead to a limp.
Sprains, Strains, or Soft-tissue Injuries
Sprains, strains, and soft-tissue injuries can result from acute injury or chronic, repetitive activities over time. (Pirker W. and Katzenschlager R. 2017) Sprains affect the body’s ligaments, while strains impact muscle tendons. However, sprains and strains occur when the impacted structure is overstretched or partially torn. The damage can lead to pain and antalgic gait. An injury to several other soft-tissue structures, including a bursa or fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction, meniscus, or fat pad, can also lead to limping. Symptoms typically include swelling, pain, and limited range of motion. More severe injuries can also make the leg feel unstable and cause it to give way when walking. Sometimes, bruising can also occur in the area of the injury. (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2020)
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis occurs when the smooth, articular cartilage that lines the ends of bones begins to thin and deteriorate. This can alter the normal movement of a joint and lead to pain. Osteoarthritis symptoms gradually progress, affect individuals over 50, and worsen after periods of sedentary activity (Arthritis Foundation, Osteoarthritis, N.D.) Typically, it results in pain, stiffness, clicking, and occasionally swelling in the affected joint. These symptoms are usually worse in the morning and at the end of a long activity day. Moving around and warming the joint improves osteoarthritis symptoms. (Arthritis Foundation, Osteoarthritis, N.D.)
Lower Back Radiculopathy
Lumbar radiculopathy is when the nerve roots branching off the spine’s lower region become compressed or inflamed. This can occur because of disc issues like bulging, degeneration, herniation, bone spurring, or, rarely, a growth or tumor. (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2024) Because these nerves control movement, sensation, and strength in the legs and feet, irritation in one can lead to limping. (Yokogawa N. et al., 2015) The antalgic gait from this condition frequently comes on suddenly and is commonly accompanied by back pain symptoms. This can include shooting pain and paresthesia in the leg. Depending on which nerve is involved, individuals may also experience muscular weakness in certain areas of the lower extremity. Sometimes, the affected leg feels like it will buckle while standing or walking. (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2024)
Other causes include:
Broken bones
Tumors
Infections
Blood clots
Vascular issues
Treatment
Treatment for antalgic gait depends on the underlying cause but can include:
Rest, ice, and elevation are important for injuries. Individuals can control their initial symptoms by icing, elevating the leg, and resting from irritating activities.
Activity modifications
Antibiotics for infections
Pain relievers
Anti-inflammatories
Physical therapy is also frequently initiated to strengthen the core and alleviate walking symptoms.
A spinal injection or surgery can reduce the pressure on the nerve root if conservative interventions fail to improve antalgic gait patterns. (Johns Hopkins Medicine, 2024)
Crutches, canes, walkers, or assistive devices can reduce pressure traveling through an affected joint and improve overall walking quality. A study found that using a cane for two months helped reduce pain and improve function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. (Fang M. A. et al., 2015)
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Though it can be tempting to ignore the limp and push through it, discussing the condition with a healthcare provider is important. A thorough medical exam and diagnostic tests, such as X-ray, MRI, or EMG, can help determine the underlying causes of a limp, help discover the cause of the problem, and help improve the quality of walking. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop personalized treatment programs. Using an integrated approach to treating injuries and chronic pain syndromes to improve flexibility, mobility, and agility and help individuals return to normal activities. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, and rehabilitation providers if other treatments are needed.
Chiropractic and Integrative Healthcare
References
Pirker, W., & Katzenschlager, R. (2017). Gait disorders in adults and the elderly : A clinical guide. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 129(3-4), 81–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-016-1096-4
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. (2020). Sprains, strains, and other soft-tissue injuries. https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/sprains-strains-and-other-soft-tissue-injuries/
Yokogawa, N., Toribatake, Y., Murakami, H., Hayashi, H., Yoneyama, T., Watanabe, T., & Tsuchiya, H. (2015). Differences in Gait Characteristics of Patients with Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis (L4 Radiculopathy) and Those with Osteoarthritis of the Hip. PloS one, 10(4), e0124745. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124745
Fang, M. A., Heiney, C., Yentes, J. M., Harada, N. D., Masih, S., & Perell-Gerson, K. L. (2015). Effects of contralateral versus ipsilateral cane use on gait in people with knee osteoarthritis. PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 7(4), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.09.018
IFM's Find A Practitioner tool is the largest referral network in Functional Medicine, created to help patients locate Functional Medicine practitioners anywhere in the world. IFM Certified Practitioners are listed first in the search results, given their extensive education in Functional Medicine
