Clinic Wellness Team. A key factor to spine or back pain conditions is staying healthy. Overall wellness involves a balanced diet, appropriate exercise, physical activity, restful sleep, and a healthy lifestyle. The term has been applied in many ways. But overall, the definition is as follows.
It is a conscious, self-directed, and evolving process of achieving full potential. It is multidimensional, bringing together lifestyles both mental/spiritual and the environment in which one lives. It is positive and affirms that what we do is, in fact, correct.
It is an active process where people become aware and make choices towards a more successful lifestyle. This includes how a person contributes to their environment/community. They aim to build healthier living spaces and social networks. It helps in creating a person’s belief systems, values, and a positive world perspective.
Along with this comes the benefits of regular exercise, a healthy diet, personal self-care, and knowing when to seek medical attention. Dr. Jimenez’s message is to work towards being fit, being healthy, and staying aware of our collection of articles, blogs, and videos.
Gain insights with this overview of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs from a clinical approach, enriching psychological perspectives.
The Humanistic Perspective
Because of behaviorism and psychoanalytic theory, the humanistic viewpoint gained popularity in the middle of the 20th century. Humanism is the term used to describe those who stress human potential and the capacity for change. The notion of biological determinism, which holds that the majority of human traits, both mental and physical, are predetermined from conception, is simultaneously rejected by humanism. The humanistic viewpoint stresses a person’s innate desire for creativity and self-actualization and focuses on how individuals grow. The idea that development is seen as an ongoing process that is influenced more by an individual’s social and environmental conditions than by genetics or other natural causes is also fundamental to the humanistic viewpoint. The use of the human viewpoint in a therapeutic setting was examined by several prominent humanistic thinkers, including Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers. In addition to enabling a better understanding of pain, suffering, and emotions, this guarantees a more optimistic approach to enhance patient and nurse practitioner results. (Boston-Leary et al., 2024)
The development potential of healthy people was the subject of research by American humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow (1908–1970). According to him, individuals aspire to self-actualization and begin accepting both themselves and other people for who they are. He saw that a lot of individuals were able to enjoy themselves and live comparatively guilt-free while also losing inhibitions.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a psychological theory that explains a pattern by which human motivations often emerge at the following level by enabling the person to be fully satisfied with the previous level. As a result, many individuals start using it to encourage action. Several distinct underlying systems constitute the basis of motivation in Maslow’s hierarchy of wants; certain motivations are generated and given precedence over others. (Kenrick et al., 2010) Our knowledge of the self has also been substantially enhanced by Maslow’s ideas. The five levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs—physiological necessities, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization—allow people to evolve. These five phases show how a person develops in order to meet their most basic requirements.
Physiological Needs
The primary physical need for human life, according to Maslow, are physiological needs, which include food, water, sleep, shelter, sex, and maintaining bodily homeostasis. In order to be motivated by the next level of demands, many individuals must have their physiological needs—such as breathing, eating, drinking, or sleeping—met. As they exhibit stability and endurance and adjust to the changing demands of the healthcare system, many nurses in a healthcare context move away from physiological needs and safety. (Hayre-Kwan et al., 2021)
Safety
Safety, the second stage, takes over and becomes a dominating behavior if a person’s physiological demands are addressed and mostly satisfied. This may be achieved via working, saving money, and looking for safe havens. That individual has time to consider their desires once they are content and feel secure. However, many people may experience or re-experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or transgenerational trauma when physical safety is lacking due to environmental factors like war, natural disasters, family violence, childhood abuse, or institutional racism. For this reason, safety needs must include mental, emotional, financial, and physical security.
Another example of how environmental variables impact safety is economic safety, which may be impacted by a financial crisis and a lack of employment prospects. In the absence of economic safety, it must show itself in things like a need for work stability, grievance processes to shield individuals from unjustified power, insurance plans, savings accounts, etc. Since children typically need to feel protected, this level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs tends to prevail in their lives.
Love & Belonging
Maslow’s hierarchy of wants places love and belonging at stage three. Intimacy, companionship, and a sense of belonging are all necessary for love and belonging. Many individuals want to join a club or be a part of a society where they may be near their friends and relatives. Maintaining a positive nurse-patient connection in a healthcare context requires professionals to provide affection and belonging to people who are experiencing pain-like sensations. In addition to giving the person a good outlook to lessen their suffering, this will guarantee that their needs and desires are acknowledged. (Xu et al., 2021) During childhood, the desire for love and belonging is very strong and might take precedence over the need for protection. Children who attach to abusive parents exhibit this as a bad problem. Hospitalization, neglect, shunning, or ostracism are examples of deficiencies in this level of Maslow’s hierarchy that may negatively impact a person’s capacity to establish and sustain emotionally meaningful connections. Furthermore, a person’s growth may be greatly impacted by these adverse events.
Esteem
The fourth level of Maslow’s hierarchy is esteem, which is the universal human need to be respected and accepted by others. Since everyone wants to be someone at this point, a lot of individuals search for peer regard, self-confidence, and esteem. For instance, someone with money would purchase a high-end watch, while someone with a brain would be able to write, ponder, or even work a lot. The drive to compete and achieve at the top level is the cause of this. At the same time, a lot of individuals will often pursue a career or pastime because ego demands like status or respect are met by these pursuits. Since most individuals desire to feel valued, many will worry about receiving respect, prestige, significance, and acknowledgment from others. The desire for self-respect and self-esteem follows from this. Lack of positive reinforcement, however, may have an impact on a person’s self-esteem and their ability to improve. therefore taking care of the fundamental problems that are hurting and upsetting them in 2025. (Carroll et al., 2025)
Self-Actualization
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs places self-actualization at the top. Reaching the lowest levels of needs—such as having the ability to eat, sleep, feel secure, fit in with a group, and yet feel unique—is necessary for individuals to reach the greatest level of their existence. At the greatest level, we are able to relax, be creative, and accept things as they are. Even when there is no longer any pressure on particular requirements, it is still possible for any of the needs at lower levels to stay low. Self-actualization is the drive to become the best version of oneself by completing the tasks at hand. Humanistic theory defines self-actualization as a condition of self-fulfillment when individuals are able to reach their full potential in a way that is unique to them. Many people may have a highly distinct perception of or concentrate on this desire. There are several instances, such as:
Someone who is driven to become the perfect parent
Someone who wants to express themselves via sports
Someone who used their skills and abilities to create art as a means of self-expression.
Questions of the Hierarchal Status
When talking about human behavior, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs serves as a crucial basis for comprehending the relationship between drive and motivation. As one moves up the ladder, each requirement is shown in the levels that call for motivation. Numerous significant problems begin to surface while examining the hierarchical structure.
The first concern is the path of advancement when a person advances both within and between levels. Maslow first highlighted the need of attending to lower-level needs before moving on to higher-level requirements. This original idea gave rise to an understanding of how different people are in how they see and value each fundamental need. For instance, females may prioritize their reproductive requirements above those of other people. According to Maslow, satisfying every need is not a prerequisite for fulfilling needs at a higher level. The next level of demands takes precedence after a person’s fundamental, lower-level wants have been mostly met. Higher-level wants, like self-actualization, might be satisfied before certain lower-level needs are completely satisfied.
Whether a person climbs unidirectionally from the base of the pyramid to the summit is a second, related topic. Multidirectional mobility throughout the phases is conceivable because a person’s requirements at a given period of life may be influenced by a variety of variables. In light of being laid off, an employee who is considering raising a family—the third stage of Maslow’s hierarchy—may need to concentrate on the second level, safety. The second and third levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs would take unemployment into account, even if this worker had created a feeling of safety and security. Because human existence and progress are dynamic rather than static, the hierarchy must allow for this fluctuation, which is why it is significant. The main idea behind Maslow’s theory is that because self-actualization is the aim, fundamental needs must be satisfied before one is inspired to pursue higher-level wants. This encourages the person to evaluate every need that must be met in order to achieve self-actualization with a positive connection. (Taormina & Gao, 2013) People will see improvements in their bodies and mentalities as well as better lifestyles as they begin to incorporate Maslow’s hierarchy of needs into their daily routines.
Injury Medical Chiropractic & Functional Medicine Clinic
We collaborate with licensed healthcare professionals who apply Maslow’s hierarchy of needs to our patients’ pain and suffering in a clinical setting. In addition to posing crucial queries to our affiliated healthcare professionals, we counsel individuals to incorporate minor adjustments into their everyday schedules and provide them a secure environment.This material is envisioned as an academic service by Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C. Disclaimer.
References
Boston-Leary, K., Alexander, G. R., & Davis, S. (2024). Leveraging Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs to Build Nursing’s More Inclusive Future. Nurs Adm Q, 48(1), 55-64. doi.org/10.1097/NAQ.0000000000000613
Carroll, A., Collins, C., & McKenzie, J. (2025). Physician wellbeing in a national rehabilitation hospital, a qualitative study utilizing Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as a framework for analysis. BMC Health Serv Res, 25(1), 175. doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12310-x
Hayre-Kwan, S., Quinn, B., Chu, T., Orr, P., & Snoke, J. (2021). Nursing and Maslow’s Hierarchy: A Health Care Pyramid Approach to Safety and Security During a Global Pandemic. Nurse Lead, 19(6), 590-595. doi.org/10.1016/j.mnl.2021.08.013
Kenrick, D. T., Griskevicius, V., Neuberg, S. L., & Schaller, M. (2010). Renovating the Pyramid of Needs: Contemporary Extensions Built Upon Ancient Foundations. Perspect Psychol Sci, 5(3), 292-314. doi.org/10.1177/1745691610369469
Taormina, R. J., & Gao, J. H. (2013). Maslow and the motivation hierarchy: measuring satisfaction of the needs. Am J Psychol, 126(2), 155-177. doi.org/10.5406/amerjpsyc.126.2.0155
Xu, J. X., Wu, L. X., Jiang, W., & Fan, G. H. (2021). Effect of nursing intervention based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs in patients with coronary heart disease interventional surgery. World J Clin Cases, 9(33), 10189-10197. doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i33.10189
For individuals looking to improve sleep, could weight training be the answer to increase healthy sleep?
Weight Resistance Training
Researchers found that resistance weight training improves sleep quality, among other methods like diet and sleep hygiene practices. Resistance training may improve sleep by reducing anxiety and stress, benefiting heart health, and promoting muscle recovery. Researchers examined non-medication methods of improving sleep in younger and middle-aged adults, comparing exercise, diet, and sleep hygiene practices. The findings showed that for adults under 65, resistance training is the best non-pharmacological way to improve sleep quality. (Hirohama, K. et al., 2024) These findings reinforce that sleep and exercise lead to improved restful sleep. Resistance training is highly effective compared to aerobic exercise (running or cycling) in improving sleep quality. The research shows that resistance exercise has more profound benefits than aerobic training alone.
Resistance Training and Improved Sleep
Resistance training, also called strength training or weight training, is intended to build muscle and strength using resistance. This can include:
Your body weight
Resistance bands
Free weights
Weight-lifting machines
The mechanisms by which exercise alters sleep are unknown. However, the researchers point out that weight training may improve sleep by improving mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. (Cunningham J. E. A., & Shapiro C. M. 2018) (Carbone E. A. et al., 2023) Other research on resistance training and sleep found that resistance training helped decrease anxiety and stress. (Alley J. R. et al., 2015) Resistance training can benefit heart health as it increases blood circulation. This means the heart’s vessels don’t have to work as hard during sleep when blood pressure should naturally drop, which is known as nocturnal dipping, which is great for individuals with high blood pressure.
Another reason this training may help with sleep is its impact on the body. Previous research on resistance training and sleep suggests that since weight training stresses muscle tissue, it could signal the brain that sleep is needed to repair the damage (Iowa State University, 2022). The hormone adenosine, which helps promote sleep, is a key factor in why exercise increases adenosine levels and helps the body doze off. (Roig M. et al., 2022)
How Much Resistance Training Is Needed?
Sleep doctors advise patients to perform some form of daily movement or exercise to improve sleep. The amount of resistance training an individual needs depends on their circumstances, such as underlying conditions, injuries, fitness level, physical ability, and time.
The guidelines for physical activity from the Department of Health and Human Services recommend adults do a muscle-strengthening activity at least two days each week in addition to at least 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity.
The meta-analysis research found that a 55-minute resistance training session consisting of three sets of 10 to 12 exercises done three times a week positively affected sleep quality.
They added that higher intensity and frequency of training could have a greater effect on sleep.
In other research on exercise and sleep, study participants were grouped into resistance training, aerobic, and combination workouts – both resistance and aerobic exercise. Each group engaged in 60-minute training sessions three times a week, with the combination group doing 30 minutes of resistance training and 30 minutes of aerobic exercise each session. (Iowa State University, 2022) Resistance training increased sleep by an average of 40 minutes compared to about 23 minutes for those who did an hour of aerobic exercise. A combination of aerobic and resistance increased sleep by about 17 minutes. (American Heart Association, 2022)
Previous research on resistance training and sleep found that exercise at any time can improve sleep quality compared with no strength training. However, evening sessions tend to help individuals sleep a little better. (Alley J. R. et al., 2015) Resistance exercise may offer benefits regarding the ability to fall asleep and stay asleep for those with osteoporosis, sarcopenia, anxiety, or depression.
Strength Workouts
Resistance training that targets all the major muscle groups is the goal. The Iowa State University research had participants use 12 resistance machines to perform exercises, including:
Leg presses
Chest presses
Lat pulldowns
Bicep curls
Abdominal crunches
Participants performed three sets of eight to 12 reps at 50% to 80% of their one-rep max. (Iowa State University, 2022)
One of the studies had participants work out for 30 minutes using nine different resistance machines, completing three sets of 10 reps. (Alley J. R. et al., 2015)
However, individuals can also use dumbbells such as bicep curls or chest presses, barbells for deadlifts or back squats, resistance bands for lateral shoulder raises or leg extensions, or their body weight for movements such as chin-ups or push-ups.
Other Ways to Improve Sleep Without Meds
Other non-drug methods to improve sleep include a healthy diet, proper hydration, dietary changes, and stress management like meditation. Aerobic exercise is known to improve both sleep quantity and quality. (Kovacevic A. et al., 2018) Lifestyle behaviors outside exercise are also important for sleep. Sleep hygiene refers to having healthy sleep habits and behaviors at night. This includes optimizing pre-bedtime routines to prepare the mind and body for sleep and improving bedroom environments to ensure sleep support, meaning it is cool, dark, quiet, and free from distractions like phones. Another important method of improving sleep is listening to your body and not forcing yourself to stay up late when exhausted. Pushing the brain and body to stay up later leads to chronic sleep debt. Eating sugary and high-fat foods before bed can hinder sleep patterns. Drinking caffeine after dinner or close to bedtime can disrupt the sleep cycle, as well as alcohol consumption before bed can hurt sleep quality.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Individuals need rest time to adjust to working out, so consult a doctor on the balance of rest and training. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop an optimal health and wellness solution. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, and prevent injury. Regarding musculoskeletal pain, specialists like chiropractors, acupuncturists, and massage therapists can help mitigate the pain through spinal adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal issues.
Weight Loss Techniques
References
Hirohama, K., Imura, T., Hori, T., Deguchi, N., Mitsutake, T., & Tanaka, R. (2024). The effects of nonpharmacological sleep hygiene on sleep quality in nonelderly individuals: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PloS one, 19(6), e0301616. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301616
Cunningham, J. E. A., & Shapiro, C. M. (2018). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) to treat depression: A systematic review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 106, 1–12. doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.12.012
Carbone, E. A., Menculini, G., de Filippis, R., D’Angelo, M., De Fazio, P., Tortorella, A., & Steardo, L., Jr (2023). Sleep Disturbances in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The Role of Calcium Homeostasis Imbalance. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(5), 4431. doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054431
Alley, J. R., Mazzochi, J. W., Smith, C. J., Morris, D. M., & Collier, S. R. (2015). Effects of resistance exercise timing on sleep architecture and nocturnal blood pressure. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 29(5), 1378–1385. doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000750
Roig, M., Cristini, J., Parwanta, Z., Ayotte, B., Rodrigues, L., de Las Heras, B., Nepveu, J. F., Huber, R., Carrier, J., Steib, S., Youngstedt, S. D., & Wright, D. L. (2022). Exercising the Sleepy-ing Brain: Exercise, Sleep, and Sleep Loss on Memory. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 50(1), 38–48. doi.org/10.1249/JES.0000000000000273
Kovacevic, A., Mavros, Y., Heisz, J. J., & Fiatarone Singh, M. A. (2018). The effect of resistance exercise on sleep: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Sleep medicine reviews, 39, 52–68. doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2017.07.002
While cheddar cheese’s high-calorie count and saturated fat content have nutritional drawbacks, can a moderate amount be an enjoyable part of a healthy diet?
Cheddar Cheese
Cheddar is a hard, cow’s milk cheese known for its dense, layered texture and nutty flavor. It is a favorite cheese served in quesadillas, mac and cheese, or on burgers. However, cheddar cheese nutrition isn’t considered ideal.
Protein performs a variety of functions in the body.
Protein helps build muscle; it’s necessary to produce enzymes, give structure to cells, maintain fluid balance, and more. (Carbone J. W., & Pasiakos S. M. 2019)
Calorie-Dense
Cheddar is calorie-dense, which increases its satisfaction factor.
May Help Weight Loss
There is the belief that cheese causes weight gain; however, the full-fat dairy paradox, which goes against dietary guidelines, is the idea that full-fat dairy products may be healthier than low-fat or fat-free dairy,
Research now suggests removing fat from dairy products may make them more likely to cause weight gain, making full-fat the better choice for weight management. (Soltani S., & Vafa M. 2017)
Compatible With Keto and Low-Carb Diets
Because of cheddar’s high fat percentage, it’s compatible with high-fat nutrition plans.
With zero carbohydrates, cheddar also fits well in low-carb diets.
Low Lactose
Cheddar is one of the harder, aged cheeses that’s quite low in lactose.
This means lactose-intolerant individuals can often eat it without unpleasant symptoms like bloating, stomach upset, and gas.
Allergies
Although it is low in lactose, cheddar still contains casein and whey, two components that can trigger an immune response in individuals with a dairy allergy. (He, M. et al., 2017)
Storage and Safety
Cheddar does not technically require refrigeration. However, storing it in the fridge will help it last longer. According to the USDA, unopened cheddar can last up to six months in the refrigerator, and opened packages can last three to four weeks. Because it’s a hard cheese, cheddar even takes well to freezing, but this will not extend its life more than refrigeration. The USDA estimates cheddar can be frozen for about six months.
Preparation
Cheddar can be added to any number of cheesy dishes or, of course, served alone with crackers. It doesn’t require high heat to become nice and melty. Try adding a whole-grain base and veggies to increase the nutrients in dishes like cheesy casseroles, Mexican dishes, sandwiches, or pasta.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to develop highly effective treatment plans through an integrated approach for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, and integrated medicine protocols. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. The clinic can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Lordan, R., Tsoupras, A., Mitra, B., & Zabetakis, I. (2018). Dairy Fats and Cardiovascular Disease: Do We Really Need to be Concerned?. Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 7(3), 29. doi.org/10.3390/foods7030029
Astrup, A., Geiker, N. R. W., & Magkos, F. (2019). Effects of Full-Fat and Fermented Dairy Products on Cardiometabolic Disease: Food Is More Than the Sum of Its Parts. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 10(5), 924S–930S. doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz069
Hirahatake, K. M., Astrup, A., Hill, J. O., Slavin, J. L., Allison, D. B., & Maki, K. C. (2020). Potential Cardiometabolic Health Benefits of Full-Fat Dairy: The Evidence Base. Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.), 11(3), 533–547. doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmz132
Malmir, H., Larijani, B., & Esmaillzadeh, A. (2020). Consumption of milk and dairy products and risk of osteoporosis and hip fracture: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 60(10), 1722–1737. doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2019.1590800
Carbone, J. W., & Pasiakos, S. M. (2019). Dietary Protein and Muscle Mass: Translating Science to Application and Health Benefit. Nutrients, 11(5), 1136. doi.org/10.3390/nu11051136
Soltani, S., & Vafa, M. (2017). The dairy fat paradox: Whole dairy products may be healthier than we thought. Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 31, 110. doi.org/10.14196/mjiri.31.110
He, M., Sun, J., Jiang, Z. Q., & Yang, Y. X. (2017). Effects of cow’s milk beta-casein variants on symptoms of milk intolerance in Chinese adults: a multicentre, randomised controlled study. Nutrition journal, 16(1), 72. doi.org/10.1186/s12937-017-0275-0
For individuals experiencing periodic limb movements of sleep, can understanding how movements at night may relate to other sleep disorders help bring healthy sleep?
Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep
Periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) are involuntary, repetitive leg and sometimes arm movements during sleep. PLMS is one of the sleep disorders that may cause disruptive movement of the legs, like restless legs syndrome (RLS). It can lead to sleep disruption, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness.
Causes
The exact cause of PLMS is unknown, but it is thought to be related to:
Underlying medical conditions (e.g., restless legs syndrome, sleep apnea)
Nerve dysfunction
Neurochemical imbalances (e.g., dopamine, iron)
Symptoms
Repetitive leg and/or arm movements during sleep, typically lasting 0.5-5 seconds.
It may be accompanied by sensations of tingling, crawling, or pulling in the legs.
It can cause sleep disturbances, leading to daytime fatigue.
Type of Movements
Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) consist of sudden jerking movements of the legs that occur involuntarily during sleep, which the affected individual may not realize is happening. It can be kicking, twitching, or extension of the legs.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms are noted when awake.
The movements associated often consist of flexion or extension at the ankle.
In some cases, this can also occur at the knee.
It may occur on one side or alternate back and forth between the left and right sides. (Cleveland Clinic, 2023)
It tends to increase with age and often but is not always accompanied by restless leg symptoms.
If PLMS causes daytime impairment, such as significant sleep disruption, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia, it may be diagnosed as periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). (Sleep Foundation, 2024)
Diagnosis
PLMS is diagnosed through a sleep study (polysomnography), which records brain waves, eye movements, muscle activity, and breathing patterns during sleep. As part of the study, superficial electrodes are placed on the legs and sometimes the arms to detect muscle contractions or movements.
In individuals with PLMS, repetitive movements at least four in a row may last from 1/2 second to 5 seconds.
The movements may be more significant if they are associated with arousal or awakenings from sleep.
They also may be deemed important if they become disruptive to a bed partner.
No further treatment may be necessary when noted in isolation on a sleep study without associated symptoms or impacts.
If another disorder cannot explain the movements, PLMS may be the likely diagnosis.
Again, if the movements lead to sleep disruption, insomnia, and excessive daytime sleepiness, it is called PLMD.
Isolated PLMS noted on a sleep study, without consequence, are insignificant and do not require treatment with medication.
Restless leg syndrome is diagnosed based on clinical criteria of having an uncomfortable feeling in the legs associated with an urge to move that occurs in the evening when lying down and is relieved by movement. (Stefani, A., & Högl, B. 2019)
Treatment
Treatment for PLMS depends on the underlying cause and severity of symptoms. Options include:
Medications (e.g., dopamine agonists, iron supplements)
Lifestyle changes (e.g., exercise, avoiding caffeine before bed)
Treating the underlying medical condition
In general, it is unnecessary to treat PLMS if the individual affected has no complaints of sleep disruption. Treatment can be considered if it causes:
Partial or total arousal from sleep
Contributes to insomnia
Undermines sleep quality
Also, if the movements are disruptive to a bed partner, getting them under control may be desirable.
Prescription medications can be effective in treating PLMS. (Cleveland Clinic, 2023) Many of the meds used to treat RLS can be helpful. These may include benzodiazepines (clonazepam), Mirapex (generic name pramipexole), and ropinirole. Movements may also occur with obstructive sleep apnea events, and then the treatment would target the breathing disorder.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Individuals who struggle with sleep or other sleep disorders that impact their ability to get restful sleep should consult with their healthcare provider about getting an assessment and treatment to restore health. Individuals can recover and regain the benefits of quality rest through healthy sleep practices and lifestyle accommodations. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic works with primary healthcare providers and specialists to build optimal health and wellness solutions. We focus on what works for you to relieve pain, restore function, prevent injury, and help mitigate issues through adjustments that help the body realign itself. They can also work with other medical professionals to integrate a treatment plan to resolve musculoskeletal problems.
Revitalize and Rebuild with Chiropractic Care
References
Walters, A. S., & Rye, D. B. (2009). Review of the relationship of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep to hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. Sleep, 32(5), 589–597. doi.org/10.1093/sleep/32.5.589
Stefani, A., & Högl, B. (2019). Diagnostic Criteria, Differential Diagnosis, and Treatment of Minor Motor Activity and Less Well-Known Movement Disorders of Sleep. Current treatment options in neurology, 21(1), 1. doi.org/10.1007/s11940-019-0543-8
Can drinking parsley tea help improve overall health?
Parsley Tea
Parsley is commonly used as a garnish and to increase flavor in dishes. Some use parsley leaves instead of salt in their food to reduce their sodium intake. It is widely available in grocery stores and can be grown at home. Parsley tea is an herbal tea. Surprisingly, parsley tea benefits health, but not all of this is supported by scientific evidence. There are different kinds of parsley:
Curly leaf (Petroselinum crispum)
Flat leaf (Petroselinum neapolitanum) or Italian parsley.
Parsley is high in vitamins A, B, C, E, and K.
Parsley also provides fiber, iron, copper, calcium, and potassium.
The kind used in tea is up to you, based on flavor preferences.
Benefits
Parsley is believed to have various benefits, some of which are derived from consuming parsley tea. For example, parsley is used to freshen breath; however, adding sugar reduces dental benefits. Many women also suggest that parsley helps to ease menstrual cramps, and others say that consuming parsley or tea helps them eliminate excess water weight. However, further research is needed to support its benefits that include: (Ganea M. et al., 2024)
Asthma
Cough
Digestive problems
Menstrual problems
Fluid retention and swelling (edema)
Urinary tract infections
Kidney stones
Cracked or chapped skin
Bruises
Insect bites
Liver disorders
Tumors
Preparation
The quickest way to enjoy parsley tea is to use a parsley tea bag. Brands are available online and in health food stores. Parsley tea bags are manufactured using dried leaves, which can be stored in a cool, dry place and last much longer than fresh parsley. The herb is inexpensive, and making parsley tea at home is also cheap and easy.
Choose Parsley
Flat or curly.
Remove the leaves from the stems.
Gather about 1/8-1/4 cups of leaves for each cup of tea.
Place the leaves at the bottom of your cup or in a tea infuser.
Note: you can also use a French press to make parsley tea.
To do so, place the loose leaves at the bottom of the French press.
Heat Water
Once boiling, fill the cup or press with hot water.
Allow the Leaves to Steep
For about four minutes.
Steep longer if you prefer a stronger cup.
If you are new to parsley tea, start with a weaker cup and gradually increase the strength as you get used to the taste.
Remove the Parsley Leaves
With a spoon, remove the infuser and discard the leaves.
If you use a press, place the plunger on top and slowly press down to separate the leaves from the tea.
Flavor your tea with lemon or a little sugar (optional).
Side Effects
The FDA generally recognizes parsley as safe (GRAS). However, consuming large amounts—more than you would typically consume in amounts commonly found in food—can be dangerous. Having a cup of tea daily is not considered a large amount, but if you make tea with parsley oil or ground parsley seeds, your intake could be much higher than normal. Individuals who consume too much parsley may experience anemia and liver or kidney problems. (Alyami F. A., & Rabah D. M. 2011) Individuals who have diabetes, fluid retention, high blood pressure, or kidney disease should talk to their doctor to see if consuming parsley is safe for them, as it may cause side effects that can worsen their condition. Patients who undergo surgery are advised to avoid parsley in the two weeks before their procedure.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic focuses on and treats injuries and chronic pain syndromes through personalized care plans that improve ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs to relieve pain. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and various medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.
Optimizing Your Wellness
References
Ganea, M., Vicaș, L. G., Gligor, O., Sarac, I., Onisan, E., Nagy, C., Moisa, C., & Ghitea, T. C. (2024). Exploring the Therapeutic Efficacy of Parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill.) as a Functional Food: Implications in Immunological Tolerability, Reduction of Muscle Cramps, and Treatment of Dermatitis. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 29(3), 608. doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030608
Alyami, F. A., & Rabah, D. M. (2011). Effect of drinking parsley leaf tea on urinary composition and urinary stones’ risk factors. Saudi journal of kidney diseases and transplantation: an official publication of the Saudi Center for Organ Transplantation, Saudi Arabia, 22(3), 511–514.
Can incorporating rice noodles be a healthy alternative to traditional pasta for individuals looking to change their normal routine?
Rice Noodles
Several alternatives are available to replace wheat-based pasta, including:
Black beans
Chickpeas
Edamame
Lentils
Rice
Like gluten-free pasta, rice noodles are made with rice flour instead of semolina wheat. Different types of rice, such as brown and white, can be used to make rice noodles. The ingredients are typically rice flour, water, and tapioca starch for texture. Compared with wheat pasta, rice noodles have a mild flavor and texture.
Regular spaghetti noodles are made with semolina, which comes from durum wheat. Rice noodles are a healthy source of complex carbohydrates, with 41.8g of carbohydrates per serving. Individuals who follow a low-carb diet or track their carb intake should consider portion sizes when enjoying rice noodle dishes.
Fats
Rice noodles contain less than 1g of fat per serving. However, the fat content of meals may vary depending on the other ingredients, sauces, and toppings. Foods high in fat, such as vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, avocados, fish, and eggs, will increase the total fat.
Protein
Rice noodles have 3.1g of protein per serving. Although they are not a significant source of protein, they can be paired with other protein sources, such as meat, fish, or tofu, to make high-protein meals.
Vitamins and Minerals
Rice noodles contain small amounts of:
Calcium
Iron
Magnesium
Zinc
Health Benefits
The noodles are an alternative to regular pasta, which can be a healthful addition to a well-balanced diet and make for a great gluten-free pasta alternative.
Energy Levels
Because they are predominantly made of carbohydrate calories, they are beneficial for increasing and sustaining energy levels.
Gluten-Free Alternative
Rice noodles are especially beneficial for individuals who follow a gluten-free diet.
Individuals with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity should read rice noodle packaging carefully to ensure it is gluten-free.
The noodles are also suitable for vegan, vegetarian, low-fat, and low-calorie diets.
Allergies
The noodles are inherently gluten-free because the main ingredient is rice flour. However, individuals with gluten intolerance should ensure no cross-contamination occurs with other non-gluten-free ingredients. Individuals with dietary allergies should check the label to see if cross-contamination may have occurred during processing or if a rice noodle product contains added allergens. Rice noodles are also free of other common allergens, including dairy, soy, eggs, fish, nuts, and wheat.
Preparation
They are cooked by boiling them in water, which rehydrates them. Once cooked, they can be used like regular pasta noodles. They are commonly used in stir-fries and Italian pasta dishes and can be used as substitutes for wheat, egg, and ramen noodles. If a recipe calls for any noodles, use rice noodles instead to change up the texture and flavor.
Storage and Safety
The noodles should be stored in a cool, dry place like the pantry. They come in vacuum-sealed packaging or boxes, so they do not need refrigeration until cooked.
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic
Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic focuses on and treats injuries and chronic pain syndromes through personalized care plans that improve ability through flexibility, mobility, and agility programs to relieve pain. Our providers use an integrated approach to create customized care plans for each patient and restore health and function to the body through nutrition and wellness, functional medicine, acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and various medicine protocols. If the individual needs other treatment, they will be referred to a clinic or physician best suited for them. Dr. Jimenez has teamed up with top surgeons, clinical specialists, medical researchers, nutritionists, and health coaches to provide the most effective clinical treatments.
Can coconut be a healthier alternative food option for individuals trying to improve their health and wellness?
The Coconut
Located in the tropical regions around the world, especially in Southeast Asia, the Pacific islands, sunny coastal states in the U.S., and India, the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is a monoecious perennial palm that has many uses for people who are looking for alternatives in their dietary needs. Known as the “tree of life,” the coconut has numerous utilities that people can incorporate from food, medicine, and household products. (Beveridge et al., 2022) The outer coconut husk is used in household items, while the coconut fruit is used for food and medicinal purposes, from antibacterial and antioxidant to containing microminerals and nutrients. (DebMandal & Mandal, 2011) This tropical fruit can be used in baked goods, skin products, and food dishes and can help restore the body’s electrolytes. We associate with certified medical providers who inform our patients of the importance of incorporating healthy foods like coconut into a healthy diet. While asking important questions to our associated medical providers, we advise patients to integrate small changes into their daily dietary intake to feel good. Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C., envisions this information as an academic service. Disclaimer.
Nutritional Facts
With coconut being a versatile fruit, it has many nutritional benefits. It is classified as a medium-chaired saturated fat absorbed by the body differently and can help reduce LDL-Cs (low-density lipoproteins, reduce cardiovascular diseases, and improve cognitive function. (Hewlings, 2020) When it comes to the nutritional facts of eating one piece of coconut is about:
1 piece of coconut: 45g
Calories: 159
Total Fats: 15g
Saturated fat: 13g
Cholesterol: 0mg
Sodium: 9mg
Potassium: 160mg
Total Carbohydrate: 7g
Dietary fibers: 4.1
Sugar: 2.8g
Protein: 1.5g
Coconuts are high in saturated fats and medium-chain fatty, so they can cross the blood-brain barrier and be absorbed, transported, and utilized for energy production for the body. They can also provide beneficial properties to the gut microbiome. (Fan et al., 2022) At the same time, if people drink the water from the coconut, its nutritional facts include:
1 cup of coconut water: 240g
Calories: 45
Total Fats: 0.5g
Saturated fat: 0.4g
Cholesterol: 0mg
Sodium: 252mg
Potassium: 600mg
Total Carbohydrate: 9g
Dietary fiber: 2.6g
Sugar: 6g
Protein: 1.7g
Food As Medicine- Video
The Health Benefits Of The Coconut
With the coconut tree being “the tree of life,” the fruit has many beneficial properties for health and wellness. For instance, using coconut oil for cooking has many advantages, such as being resistant to oxidation and polymerization due to its high saturated fatty acid content, being consumed at low levels, and reducing cardiovascular diseases. (Schwingshackl & Schlesinger, 2023) At the same time, when people start to use coconut oil for part of their cooking, they will notice that their body weight decreases. (Duarte et al., 2022). Below are other beneficial properties when people start incorporating coconut into their diet.
Replenish Electrolytes
Many people starting to work out or are physically active can utilize coconut water to replace sports drinks to replenish their electrolytes. When a person is exercising and sweating profusely, water and sodium levels are depleted, thus compromising the cardiovascular system’s ability to maintain a person’s exercise performance. (O’Brien et al., 2023) Hence, drinking coconut water can help rehydrate the body and replenish those electrolytes. At the same time, incorporating a bit of citrus fruit can provide extra health benefits and enhance the flavor of coconut water.
Reduces Blood Sugar
Coconuts can also help lower blood sugar levels, and for diabetic individuals, it can help reduce their blood glucose to healthy levels, regulate their carbohydrate metabolism, and improve their antioxidant capacity to reduce any comorbidities associated with diabetes. (Dai et al., 2021) Additionally, many diabetic individuals can substitute regular sugar with coconut sugar as it has a high nutritional value and a low glycemic index that can be beneficial to moderate glucose absorption. (Saraiva et al., 2023)
Adding Coconut To Your Diet
Many people can incorporate coconut into their diet by eating the fruit, drinking the coconut water, and utilizing it for smoothies and baked goods. By adding coconut to a healthy diet, many people can get their healthy fats in moderation, their electrolytes replenished, and enjoy eating clean, healthy foods. Making small changes by incorporating foods that have antioxidants into a healthy diet can help many people eat healthier and have more energy. At the same time, when people incorporate physical activity with their diet, they will begin to notice small positive changes in themselves and their bodies, thus leading happy, healthier lives.
References
Beveridge, F. C., Kalaipandian, S., Yang, C., & Adkins, S. W. (2022). Fruit Biology of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Plants (Basel), 11(23). doi.org/10.3390/plants11233293
Dai, Y., Peng, L., Zhang, X., Wu, Q., Yao, J., Xing, Q., Zheng, Y., Huang, X., Chen, S., & Xie, Q. (2021). Effects of coconut water on blood sugar and retina of rats with diabetes. PeerJ, 9, e10667. doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10667
DebMandal, M., & Mandal, S. (2011). Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.: Arecaceae): in health promotion and disease prevention. Asian Pac J Trop Med, 4(3), 241-247. doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60078-3
Duarte, A. C., Spiazzi, B. F., Zingano, C. P., Merello, E. N., Wayerbacher, L. F., Teixeira, P. P., Farenzena, L. P., de Araujo, C., Amazarray, C. R., Colpani, V., & Gerchman, F. (2022). The effects of coconut oil on the cardiometabolic profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Lipids Health Dis, 21(1), 83. doi.org/10.1186/s12944-022-01685-z
Fan, L., Zhu, X., Sun, S., Yu, C., Huang, X., Ness, R., Dugan, L. L., Shu, L., Seidner, D. L., Murff, H. J., Fodor, A. A., Azcarate-Peril, M. A., Shrubsole, M. J., & Dai, Q. (2022). Ca:Mg ratio, medium-chain fatty acids, and the gut microbiome. Clin Nutr, 41(11), 2490-2499. doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.031
Hewlings, S. (2020). Coconuts and Health: Different Chain Lengths of Saturated Fats Require Different Consideration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis, 7(4). doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7040059
O’Brien, B. J., Bell, L. R., Hennessy, D., Denham, J., & Paton, C. D. (2023). Coconut Water: A Sports Drink Alternative? Sports (Basel), 11(9). doi.org/10.3390/sports11090183
Saraiva, A., Carrascosa, C., Ramos, F., Raheem, D., Lopes, M., & Raposo, A. (2023). Coconut Sugar: Chemical Analysis and Nutritional Profile; Health Impacts; Safety and Quality Control; Food Industry Applications. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20(4). doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043671
Schwingshackl, L., & Schlesinger, S. (2023). Coconut Oil and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Curr Atheroscler Rep, 25(5), 231-236. doi.org/10.1007/s11883-023-01098-y
IFM's Find A Practitioner tool is the largest referral network in Functional Medicine, created to help patients locate Functional Medicine practitioners anywhere in the world. IFM Certified Practitioners are listed first in the search results, given their extensive education in Functional Medicine
