Cardiovascular disease, abbreviated as CVD, is an intricate group of heart-related conditions which are considered to be the top cause of death among Americans and Europeans. Unfortunately, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease is increasing rapidly in developing nations as well. Therefore, finding safe and effective strategies to treat and prevent cardiovascular disease, or CVD, has become a significant priority around the globe.
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What are some safe and effective treatment strategies for cardiovascular disease?
Many factors contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, which involve high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, and congenital cardiovascular defects. Epidemiological studies investigating CVD risk factors have pointed to the role of elevated serum lipids (including cholesterol and triglycerides), elevated blood pressure, or BP, increased platelet aggregation, increased plasma fibrinogen and coagulation factors, alterations in glucose metabolism, as well as smoking. Reduced risk of CVD is associated with increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), normalization of abnormal lipid levels, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and increased antioxidant status, according to some research studies.
While these various factors have been determined to lead to cardiovascular disease, dietary factors have been known to play a major role in CVD, where Mediterranean diets, fish, fruit, and whole grains have also been proven to reduce CVD risk. One research study where patients admitted with severe cardiovascular disease were interviewed, found that 78 percent were using natural health products; such utilization was recorded by pharmacists in 41 percent of patients, by doctors in 22 percent and by nurses in 19 percent. Among all the natural health products used to treat cardiovascular disease, garlic (Allium sativa, Family Liliaceae) has been in the top five best selling herbs, and is the most popular herb used by patients with CVD.
History
Garlic has been a significant element in many cultures for centuries. Ancient Ayurvedic texts consult health benefits of garlic concerning improving blood circulation and strengthening the heart. The Egyptian Codex Ebers (1500 BC) recommended garlic for heart disease, and also for tumors, worms and a number of other conditions. The Greek physician, Hippocrates (400 BC), along with the Roman authority, Pliny the Elder (77 AD), recommended garlic for the cardiovascular system. Clinical work as early as 1926 found garlic to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease. These effects were again mentioned in the 1960’s and 1970’s when numerous studies noted a decrease in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, these early studies were conducted using raw garlic administered at very high doses (between seven and 28 cloves per day).
Pharmacology
Garlic’s odor problem has led to much work being done to find more palatable and less odorous formulations. The odor, as well as garlic’s cardiovascular effects, is caused by sulfur-containing compounds. Garlic cloves contain nearly all their sulfur at a storage compound called alliin (a name coming from garlic’s botanical name, Allium sativum). Raw garlic also contains an enzyme known as alliinase. When raw garlic is crushed or cut, the alliinase interacts with alliin to make allicin. The distinctive aroma and flavor of garlic is a result of allicin, which is very volatile and unstable, breaking down either in a couple of hours at room temperature or after a few minutes of cooking. An in vitro study found that garlic’s ability to inhibit platelet aggregation wasn’t changed after 3 minutes or less of immersion. After 6 minutes, cloves had no action, whereas some activity was retained by crushed garlic. After 10 minutes, all activity was gone. By microwaving for approximately 2 minutes, all activity was removed from many samples.
As allicin breaks down or is metabolized, dozens of other more stable sulfur compounds are formed. A number of them are active. Allicin is converted into polysulfides and ajoene which could be stable for over a year, when garlic is macerated with oil. However, each compound’s precise action remains uncertain. Most regard the sulfur-containing compounds as crucial to the health benefits of garlic, although those compounds are also responsible for garlic’s odor-problems. The ways garlic has been processed direct to preparations with various compounds, which might be inconsistent.
Mechanism of Action
In spite of considerable numbers of in vitro research, the component(s) in garlic accountable for its cardiovascular effects remain unclear. Garlic impacts the cardiovascular system via several mechanisms, but a lot of its constituents are biologically active and uncertainty remains about the way they all interact. Ajoene and other compounds inhibit platelet aggregation, which can help prevent cardiovascular disease, or CVD. Allicin has antiplatelet aggregating activity, even though its instability makes it difficult to fully study its clinical effects. Several garlic components inhibit liver enzymes involved in making cholesterol, such as HMG-CoA reductase (the enzyme inhibited by statins), and many others reduced plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels through unclear mechanisms of activity. Garlic also contains antioxidants that could counteract the development of atherosclerosis. Components cause muscle relaxation, which could contribute to decreased hypertension, a common issue along with cardiovascular disease.
Various sulfur compounds derived from garlic trigger the release of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from human red blood cells. H2S,�naturally occurring cell signaling molecule, provides protection against oxidative damage, including smooth muscle relaxation, and decreased blood pressure. This new research might lead to a means of standardizing preparations, and sheds light on the potential mechanisms of action of garlic.
Clinical Research
Many laboratory and animal tests have demonstrated that garlic and its components have biological activities related to cardiovascular disease; nonetheless, controversy continues over the clinical significance of these findings. Results of trials have been conflicting, with early studies frequently finding beneficial effects that were not replicated in more recent trials which were usually of higher methodological quality. The impact of garlic intake or supplementation on serum cholesterol and lipid levels has received the most research.
Two meta-analyses published in 1993 and 1996 generated curiosity about garlic because they reported 9 percent and 12 percent reductions in total cholesterol levels. More recent meta-analyses have come to various conclusions; one printed in 2009 concluded that there was no evidence from randomized controlled trial (RCTs) of garlic with any favorable effects on serum cholesterol. However, the research in that meta-analysis was criticized for not being comprehensive. The latest evaluation analyzed literature published up to October 2011 – 12 and contained 26 RCTs reporting the effects of garlic on various serum lipids. In general, garlic considerably reduced serum total cholesterol from 0.28 mmol/L (P = 0.001) and triglycerides by 0.13 mmol/L (P < 0.001). At the exact same time, no significant differences were found for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-C, apolipoprotein B, and overall cholesterol/HDL-C ratio.�The reviewers calculated that the substantial differences were equal to a 5.4 percent decrease in total cholesterol levels to someone with a baseline amount of 5 mmol/L and a 6.5 percent reduction in triglyceride levels for somebody starting with a 2 mmol/L level. The daily doses most widely utilized in the studies reviewed were 10 to 15 mg garlic oil, 900 mg garlic powder, and 1 to 7 g aged garlic extract. Study duration ranged from two weeks to 12 months, with the majority of trials lasting 3 or 6 months.
Many studies have analyzed the role of garlic aids in lowering blood pressure. A 1994 meta-analysis of 10 randomized, controlled trials reported an overall significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 5 and 8 mmHg. Another meta-analysis published in 2008 comprised 11 RCTs and reported a general decrease of 4.56 mmHg in systolic blood pressure for people taking garlic (P < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure did not change significantly compared to placebo. There was a planned sub-group analysis conducted comparing those who were normotensive or hypertensive . The hypertensive subgroup had considerable reductions of 8.4 and 7.3 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. Substantial reductions were not shown by the subgroup that is normotensive. The reviewers noted that discounts of 4 to 5 mmHg systolic and 2 to 3 mmHg diastolic are held to be important. At precisely the exact same time, some RCTs have found no significant differences between classes carrying placebo and garlic.
Although a lot of garlic elements have demonstrated antioxidant properties, comparatively few studies are done on the clinical importance of the effects. Another product called aged garlic extract (AGE; brand name Kyolic) is made by soaking garlic slivers in alcohol for 20 months, removing most allicin, and leaving an infusion high in antioxidant capacity. An RCT with 65 patients examined the impact of AGE (250 mg/d) and multivitamins on subclinical atherosclerosis. After 1 year, those in the AGE group had significantly better results than the control group for cognitive markers, vascular function, and progression of atherosclerosis. Another RCT found that people taking 960 milligrams AGE had considerably more reduction in systolic blood pressure (by 10.2 mmHg; P = 0.03).21 However, the total number of clinical studies assessing AGE remains small.
Garlic and its elements have been found to affect platelet aggregation and other aspects of blood clotting. Fibrinolysis leads to the breakdown of blood clots, and this process is promoted by various types of garlic preparations. Platelet aggregation has been beneficially affected by garlic in a small number of clinical trials. However, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality evaluation concluded that these results must be taken as preliminary. While most of the studies identified for this evaluation had beneficial outcomes, the studies were all very modest, of limited duration, and some had flaws.
Adverse Effects
Garlic is well-known for its problematic breath and body odor after oral ingestion. These are the most commonly reported complaints from trial participants. Eating raw garlic and high doses of some supplements can cause mouth and gastrointestinal irritation, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Some individuals are also vulnerable to allergic reactions, one study estimated that 1 percent of people are prone to allergic reactions from garlic.
The effects of garlic on platelet aggregation and fibrinolysis may raise the risk of bleeding, but that is mostly theoretical. While few studies or case reports have found such adverse consequences, individuals taking anticoagulants, those scheduled for an invasive process, or those with bleeding problems must be aware of this possible adverse effect. Some case reports of postoperative bleeding have been reported. But a randomized, controlled trial detected no change in bleeding events among individuals taking warfarin when given both garlic (AGE formula) or placebo. In vitro investigations have identified enzymes whose activities are impacted by aged garlic extracts. These results raise concerns that garlic might interfere with the metabolism of various drugs and medications. Though patients didn’t possess decreased serum levels actual interactions have been reported.
Conclusion
Overall, garlic preparations have some significance as a complementary agent in reducing some risk factors related to cardiovascular disease, or CVD. The evidence in studies indicated a range of benefits, but a number of these studies had small numbers of participants, have been of short duration, or had other methodological weaknesses. Higher-quality studies have found more limited benefits. Reductions in blood pressure, triglycerides, and total cholesterol are identified in meta-analyses. Several other effects have been discovered with research. Given its good safety profile, garlic may offer some protection from cardiovascular diseases, according to the research studies and conclusive data. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
A diet rich in fruit, vegetables, complex carbohydrates, monounsaturated fat and fish, moderate alcohol consumption but poor in salt, saturated fat and simple sugars, can play a fundamental role in protect against cardiovascular disease, or CVD. Cocoa, coffee and tea, unfairly not included in the �traditional healthy food basket�, have received much attention over the past few years.
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Can drinks like chocolate, coffee and tea help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?
If for no other reason, tea, coffee and cocoa, have been recognized within the medical field because, not only are they consumed worldwide, they are also important dietary sources of polyphenols (flavonols and cathechins). Several in vitro and in vivo studies have tried to elucidate the role of these foods, as well as various other compounds like pomegranate juice, and a large amount of experimental studies clearly indicated a beneficial effect of polyphenols in influencing cardiovascular disease. However, some data from epidemiological studies has not been entirely conclusive.
The Drinks: Tea, Coffee, and Cocoa
Green tea, black tea and extracts of active elements in both have shown reduction in blood pressure, or BP, in humans. In a double blind placebo-controlled trial of 379 hypertensive individuals whom were given green tea infusion 370 mg/d for approximately 3 months, their blood pressure was reduced significantly at 4/4 mmHg with simultaneous decrease in HS CRP, TNF-?, glucose and insulin levels.
Dark chocolate (100 g) and cocoa with a high content of polyphenols (30 milligrams or more) are demonstrated to significantly reduce BP in people. A meta-analysis of 173 hypertensive subjects given cocoa for a mean duration of 2 weeks had a substantial decrease in BP 4.7/2.8 mmHg (p = 0.002 for SBP and 0.006 for DBP). Fifteen subjects given 100 grams of dark chocolate with 500 mg of poly-phenols for 15 days had a 6.4 mmHg decrease in SBP (p < 0.05) with a non-significant shift in DBP. Cocoa in 30 mg of poly-phenols reduced BP at pre-hypertensive and stage I hypertensive patients by 2.9/1.9 mmHg at 18 weeks (p < 0.001). Two more recent meta-analysis of 13 trials and 10 trials with 297 patients found a substantial decrease in BP of 3.2/2.0 mmHg and 4.5/3.2 mmHg respectively. BP decreases with cocoa doses of 6 to 100. Cocoa also improves insulin resistance and endothelial function.
Polyphenols, chlorogenic acids (CGAs), the ferulic acid metabolite of CGAs and di-hydro-caffeic acids decrease BP at a dose dependent fashion, enhance eNOS and enhance endothelial function in humans. CGAs in green coffee been extract at doses of 140 reduced SBP and DBP in 28 subjects in a placebo-controlled randomized trial. A dose response was demonstrated by A study of 122 male subjects with doses of CGA in DBP and SBP from 46. The group that received the 185 mg dose had a substantial decrease in BP of 5.6/3.9 mmHg (p < 0.01) over 28 days. Hydroxyhydroquinone is just another element of coffee beans that reduces the effectiveness of CGAs in a dose-dependent way which partly explains the conflicting outcomes of coffee intake on BP. What’s more, there is genetic variation in the enzyme responsible for the modified metabolism of caffeine between coffee intake, amount of coffee consumed and the risk of hypertension, heart rate, MI, arterial stiffness, arterial wave reflections and urinary catecholamine levels. Percent of the population has theIF/IA allele of their CYP1A2 genotype which confers metabolism of caffeine. Heavy coffee drinkers who are slow metabolizers had a 3.00 HR for developing hypertension. By comparison, rapid metabolizers with theIA/IA allele have a 0.36 HR for incident hypertension.
Additional compounds
Melatonin effects were demonstrated in a randomized placebo controlled clinical trials among several chosen individuals. The typical reduction in blood pressure is 6/3 mmHg. Melatonin stimulates GABA receptors in the CNS and vascular nitric oxide, inhibits plasma A II levels, improves function, raises NO, vasodilates, enhances lowers cortisol and is additive with ARBs. Beta blockers reduce melatonin secretion.
Hesperidin significantly reduced DBP 3-4 mmHg (p< 0.02) and improved microvascular endothelial reactivity in 24 obese hypertensive male subjects in a randomized, controlled crossover study over 4 weeks for all three treatment groups consuming 500 mL of orange juice, hesperidin or placebo. Pomegranate juice is rich in tannins and has numerous other properties which improve cardiovascular disease and overall heart health, as well as reducing the SBP by 5 percent to 12 percent. An analysis of 51 healthy subjects given 330 mg/d of pomegranate juice had a decrease in blood pressure of 3.14/2.33 mmHg (p < 0.001). Pomegranate juice also suppresses the increase in SBP after a high-fat meal.
Pomegranate juice reduces serum ACE activity by 36 percent, and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-atherogenic consequences. Pomegranate juice at 50 mL/d reduced carotid IMT by 30 percent over one year, increased PON 83 percent, diminished oxLDL by 59 percent to 90 percent, decreased antibodies to oxLDL by 19 percent, increased overall antioxidant status by 130 percent, decreased TGF-?, improved catalase, SOD and GPx, increased eNOS and NO, and improved endothelial function. Pomegranate juice works just like an ACEI.
Grape seed extract (GSE) was administered to subjects in nine randomized trials, meta-analysis of 390 subjects and demonstrated a significant reduction in SBP of 1.54 mmHg (p < 0.02). Substantial decrease in BP of 11/8 mmHg (p < 0.05) were seen in a different dose response study with 150 to 300 mg/d of GSE over 4 wk. GSE has high content which activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway that phosphorylates increases and eNOS NO.
The Bottom Line
In conclusion, drinks, such as tea, coffee and cocoa, and additional compounds, such as melatonin, hesperidin, pomegranate juice and grape seek extract, have been widely researched in many studies, primarily due to their worldwide popularity, several of which demonstrated positive outcomes towards naturally preventing and treating cardiovascular disease, among other health issues, by improving blood pressure levels. Pycnogenol, These drinks and additional compounds, have been noted to help improve CVD by reducing the risk hypertension, as well as improving endothelial function, an important factor in the regulation of blood circulation, among many other health benefits.
Although the above drinks and compounds have shown to have many health benefits, it’s important to seek medical advice from a qualified healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation for an existing condition or disease.The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
A balanced diet provides us with a variety of compounds necessary to sustain the complex systems and functions of the human body, however, some foods and/or supplements can provide more health benefits than the basic nutrition. Tomatoes, for example, are rich in lycopene, a compound that can reduce the risk of stroke and prostate cancer. While the list of beneficial substances is growing, one substance has gained more recognition from healthcare professionals when it comes to preventing and treating cardiovascular disease: pycnogenol.
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How can Pycnogenol prevent and treat cardiovascular disease?
Pycnogenol, a pine bark extract that you may have never heard of, may be a fundamental ingredient which can give your general well-being a boost. In fact, Dr. Russell Blaylock, author of The Blaylock Wellness Report, believes it ought to be a part of everybody’s health regimen, especially when it comes to it’s benefits towards cardiovascular disease.
Pycnogenol is a patented form of pine bark extract made using the bark of the maritime pine that grows in France. Pine bark extract contains procyanidins, a form of catechins, similiar to those found in green tea, cocoa, and grape seed extract. Pycnogenol also has a unique combination of powerful antioxidant components in addition to procyanidins, including bioflavonoids and phenolic acids, that neutralize disease-causing free radicals in the body. Furthermore, this form of pine bark extract is believed to increase skin elasticity as well as reduce both oxidative stress and collagen degradation, reducing the effects of aging.
Benefits of Pycnogenol & Cardiovascular Disease
An Italian study published in Phytotherapy Research found that supplementing a diet with Pycnogenol reduced the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome may raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, and stroke.
When the study began, study participants had all five risk factors for metabolic syndrome as defined by the American Heart Association. Patients were divided into 2 groups and were given either 50 milligram tablets of Pycnogenol, three times every day or placebo tablets. Almost 90 percent of the patients at the Pycnogenol group showed improvement in all five groups.
“Pycnogenol was also discovered to aid individuals struggling with metabolic syndrome by controlling blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure”, said lead researcher Dr. Gianni Belcaro. Results demonstrate that those who commissioned exercise and a healthy diet were able to boost heart health and lose weight, attaining an body mass index. “This research offers evidence that daily supplementation with Pycnogenol can offer a natural approach to help achieve wholesome blood pressure, improved cholesterol and blood sugar levels and finally, greater cardiovascular wellness”, Gianni said.
In a small study of healthy people, concerning the use of Pycnogenol to control bad cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, or blood lipids, Pycnogenol lowered levels while good cholesterol, or HDL cholesterol, were raised. In a second randomized placebo-controlled study of men with cholesterol levels, Pycnogenol was found to lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol but elevate HDL cholesterol. Triglycerides, another kind of fat found in the blood, weren’t affected. In a study of 48 patients with type 2 diabetes, Pycnogenol seemed to reduce LDL cholesterol compared with placebo.
In another research study, Pycnogenol at doses of 200 mg/d led to a substantial reduction in SBP from 139.9 mmHg into 132.7 mmHg (p < 0.05) in eleven patients with mild hypertension for more than eight weeks at a double-blind placebo placebo crossover trial. Diastolic BP fell from 93.8 mmHg to 92.0 mmHg. Pycnogenol functions as a ACEI, in which it improves renal cortical blood circulation, reduces serum thromboxane concentrations, decreases myelo-peroxidase activity, protects cell membranes from oxidative stress, reduces urinary albumin excretion, decreases HS-CRP and increases NO and improves endothelial function. Other studies have shown reductions in BP reductions in endothelin-1, and a need for CCB and ACEI, HgA1C, fasting glucose, LDL-C and myeloperoxidase.
The endothelium is the layer of the blood vessels. This thin layer that is cellular plays an significant function in the regulation of blood circulation. Endothelial function is found among individuals with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension. One double-blind placebo-controlled analysis of 58 patients with blood pressure found that endothelial function daily enhanced. Another double-blind, randomized crossover study on 28 patients with coronary artery disease found that 200 mg of daily for eight weeks improved endothelial function
Dr. Blaylock adds even more benefits of Pycnogenol. “It is exceptional in reducing the signs and symptoms of varicose veins, inhibits oral and all other cancers, also protects against kidney and auditory nerve damage by antibiotics”, ” he states. “In addition, it suppresses atherosclerosis and soothes atherosclerotic plaque, the main cause of a heart attack”.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Pycnogenol has been widely researched in many studies, several of which demonstrated positive outcomes towards naturally preventing and treating cardiovascular disease, among other health issues. Pycnogenol, the form of pine bark extract we covered above, has been noted to help improve CVD by reducing the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, controlling “bad cholesterol” and balancing “good cholesterol”, as well as improving endothelial function, an important factor in the regulation of blood circulation, among many other health benefits.
Although Pycnogenol has shown to have many health benefits, it’s important to seek medical advice from a qualified healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation for an existing condition or disease. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
Fruits and vegetables are essential sources of vitamins and minerals. Many groups of these plant-based foods provide the body with fundamental nutrients, where some are richer in several varieties of vitamins and minerals, than others. Many fruits and vegetables also provide the body with important antioxidants. Among these antioxidants, lycopene is abundant in red fruits and vegetables, some of which are crowd favorites.
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What are the benefits of lycopene consumption?
Substantial evidence indicates that lycopene, a carotenoid without provitamin A activity found in high concentrations in a small group of plant foods, has significant antioxidant potential in vitro and may play a role in preventing cardiovascular disease as well as prostrate cancer in individuals. Lycopene is believed to possess a cholesterol synthesis-inhibiting effect and might enhance LDL cholesterol, or “bad cholesterol”, degradation. Research studies evaluating its effectiveness in this area can simply answer the question of whether lycopene can help to prevent cardiovascular disease.
Lycopene Intake & Absorption
Lycopene is a� fat-soluble phytonutrient in the carotenoid family which has received attention because of its potential role in preventing cardiovascular diseases. Although similar in construction to the more studied ?-carotene, lycopene doesn’t have provitamin A activity. Carotenoids and their many conjugated double bonds turns them into potentially strong antioxidants, and lycopene is no exception.
Sources include tomatoes, guava, pink grapefruit, watermelon, apricots and papaya in high concentrations. Tomato products, including ketchup, tomato juice, and pizza sauce, are the richest sources of lycopene in the United States diet, accounting for 80 percent of the lycopene consumption of Americans. Tomatoes also contain a significant amount of ?-carotene. In fact, they are the fourth-leading contributor to provitamin A and vitamin A intake in the American diet. Tomatoes are rich in potassium and folate, and there is nearly 3 times as much vitamin C as lycopene in a tomato. In studies of health benefits of tomatoes, an individual has to consider that they are also rich in nutrients aside from lycopene.
Absorption of lycopene’s mechanism isn’t fully understood. Studies have demonstrated that lycopene from tomato products appears in the blood flow when a source of fat is included with the meal and if the tomato is warmed. Plasma lycopene concentrations increased only marginally in a group receiving 180 g tomato juice (containing 12 mg lycopene) per day for 6 weeks. This finding has been supported by research studies demonstrating negligible or only slight increases in plasma lycopene concentrations after consumption of various levels of unheated tomato juice. In one study, nevertheless, when tomato juice was absorbed, serum levels of lycopene increased, with an increase within 24 to 48 hours following ingestion. Gartner et al discovered that concentrations of lycopene from the chylomicrons of 5 human subjects increased 3 times as much when they consumed tomato paste as when they consumed raw tomatoes. Thus, the availability and absorption of lycopene depend on the processing and treatment of the food that contains the carotenoid and on the fat content of the meal in which lycopene is consumed.
Lycopene and Cardiovascular Disease
Several studies examined the connection between dietary intake of antioxidants and lipid peroxidation to attempt to determine which antioxidants may play a role in preventing cardiovascular disease. The hydrocarbon carotenoids, including ?-carotene and lycopene, are transported primarily in LDL cholesterol, which positions them in the prime place to protect LDL cholesterol from oxidation.
Romanchik et al isolated LDL cholesterol samples from 5 individuals and enriched them with ?-carotene, lycopene, and lutein to determine whether this would have an impact on LDL oxidation. On copper-mediated oxidation of the LDL, the carotenoids were destroyed until substantial amounts of lipid peroxidation products were transformed, providing evidence that these pigments might be functioning as antioxidants. Although lycopene was the most quickly destroyed of the carotenoids studied, only the LDL cholesterol samples enriched with ?-carotene exhibited increased CD lag time. In another study of LDL from 11 different people, the same researchers actually found increased oxidation of LDL (as quantified by the ferrous oxidation, xylenol orange assay) on enrichment with lycopene and lutein, signaling that the connection between lycopene and LDL cholesterol oxidation is complicated.
Lycopene creates a significant reduction in serum lipids, blood pressure and oxidative stress markers. Paran et al evaluated 30 subjects with Grade I hypertension, age 40 to 65, taking no anti-hypertensive or anti-lipid drugs, treated with a tomato lycopene extract (10 mg lycopene) for 2 weeks. The SBP was reduced from 144 to 135 mmHg (9 mmHg decrease, p < 0.01) and DBP fell from 91 to 84 mmHg (7 mmHg decrease, p < 0.01). Similar results were shown by another analysis of 35 subjects with Grade I hypertension on SBP, but not DBP. Englehard gave a tomato extract to 31 subjects over 12 weeks demonstrating that a significant BP reduction of 10/4 mmHg. Patients on various anti-hypertensive agents including ACEI, CCB and diuretics experienced a significant blood pressure decrease of 5.4/3 mmHg more than 6 weeks when administered a standardized tomato extract. Other research studies haven’t shown changes in blood pressure. Lycopene and tomato infusion improve ED and reduced plasma oxidative stress.
An intriguing nonantioxidant purpose of lycopene was revealed in humans. Fuhrman et al revealed that cholesterol synthesis was decreased by the addition of lycopene to macrophage cell lines and increased LDL cholesterol receptors. Incubation with lycopene in vitro led to a 73 percent reduction in cholesterol synthesis, which has been higher than that achieved with ?-carotene. Additionally, lycopene led to a 34 percent growth in LDL degradation in the cells themselves and approximately a 110 percent increase in the removal of LDL cholesterol in the blood flow. To test their findings in humans, the investigators fed 6 men with 60 milligrams of lycopene per day for 3 weeks (approximately equivalent to the total amount of lycopene in 1 kg tomatoes). They discovered that a decrease in plasma LDL cholesterol with no significant change in HDL cholesterol. Based on the calculations of Peto et al that there is a 3:1 ratio involving the decreased risk of myocardial infarction, where a 30 percent to 40 percent risk reduction in individuals consuming this amount of lycopene. The recommended daily intake of lycopene is approximately 10 to 20 mg in supplement or food form.
Lycopene, along with other antioxidants, are fundamental towards the prevention of cardiovascular disease. When levels of LDL cholesterol, or “bad cholesterol” are out of balance, red fruits and vegetables, rich in lycopene, can help improve overall heart health, according to research studies. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
Even though chiropractic excels in wellness care, it is becoming more common for people to visit chiropractors to treat a variety of different kinds of pain. Because of this, chiropractic adjustments provide many benefits to people and patients who suffer from a wide variety of conditions like arthritis. In today�s article, we�ll explore how chiropractic can help patients who suffer from arthritis and give you additional suggestions on how to alleviate the pain that�s associated with it.
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Arthritis: What a Chiropractor Does
A Doctor of Chiropractic, also known as a chiropractor, is a health professional that focuses primarily on wellness care instead of sickness care. Their specialty focuses on adjusting the spine to correct misalignments that may be impinging on nerves.
Regular visits to a chiropractor can not only restore health throughout the body but also help alleviate back pain and other symptoms associated with an improperly aligned spinal column. They can also work with their patients to plan exercise routines and alterations in diet to assist management of inflammation and pain. Most insurance carriers cover visits to a chiropractor on at least some level.
What Is Arthritis?
Put simply, arthritis is inflammation in the joints which result in joint pain, stiffness and limited range of movement. There are over 200 different varieties of the ailment. While it is generally associated with age, it can also affect young people. It can strike almost any area of the body, with each region having a different cause and name. In some cases, can cause damage to soft tissues and muscles, like the heart and lungs.
Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative joint disease, is the most common type of arthritis. It results from repeated trauma to the joint and becomes more common in the elderly.
Other common forms of include:
Rheumatoid arthritis, the second most common form in which the body�s immune system attacks the joint.
Psoriatic arthritis, another autoimmune form.
Ankylosing spondylitis, also a type where the body attacks itself.
Septic arthritis, which is caused by a viral or bacterial infection of the joint.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing arthritis involves a complete and thorough examination. If a chiropractor feels the need to co-manage the case, a medical work-up by a rheumatologist may be recommended. This can include radiology (x-ray) or an MRI, urine and blood analysis and physical examinations.
It is important to have your condition properly diagnosed so you can more effectively treat the symptoms of the disease.
Chiropractors and Arthritis
The most common treatment for arthritis is medication, which can take down the inflammation and swelling and reduce pain. However, chiropractors can be of great help in managing arthritis. While medications work, it has long-term health risks such as impairing healing, damage to the stomach lining and internal bleeding.
By visiting a chiropractor you may be able to reduce your reliance upon these medications while managing your pain and symptoms naturally. A chiropractor can:
Improve your range of motion by keeping your spine in line
Improve endurance and flexibility
Increase your strength and muscle tone
Help you develop a dietary and nutritional plan to reduce inflammation naturally
In addition, chiropractors can recommend an exercise regimen that�s conducive to arthritis. According to the American Chiropractic Association, this is a vital component in managing your arthritis symptoms.
Treating the Symptoms
Please understand that chiropractors cannot cure arthritis. At this time, there is no cure for this ailment. They can, however, help to alleviate the symptoms and slow the progression of the illness. They may use spinal adjustments in conjunction with other treatments to address the disease. These options can include:
Hot and cold therapy
Ultrasound treatments
Massage
Electronic muscle stimulation
Physical rehabilitation
Magnet therapy
The Best Results
With an inflammatory disease like arthritis, the best results are achieved from attacking it at all angles. This means working with your chiropractor and rheumatologist to combine treatments, if necessary. In addition to their care, a healthy diet and active exercise regime will help move you in the right direction toward a healthier outcome.
If you or a loved one are suffering with, don�t hesitate to give us a call today.�We�re here to help in any way we can!
This article is copyrighted by Blogging Chiros LLC for its Doctor of Chiropractic members and may not be copied or duplicated in any manner including printed or electronic media, regardless of whether for a fee or gratis without the prior written permission of Blogging Chiros, LLC.
Diets high in flavonoids have been associated with a way of life, as it’s often a part of many nutritional recommendations from healthcare professionals associated with the prevention of chronic diseases. However, the identification of beneficial effects from flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods has become a difficult area to discuss due to a conditional or non-essential role of flavonoids in human nourishment, according to some research.
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Do flavonoids help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Nonetheless, recent attempts to otherwise prove this in the medical field surrounding cardiovascular disease as well as efforts in the area of high flavonoid containing foods, have started supplying the demonstrations of effects and mechanisms of action in well-controlled research studies. Further studies are essential for confirmation of the effects and for the proper identification of bioactive flavonoids in relation to cardiovascular diseases.
Flavonoids and Cardiovascular Disease
Epidemiological studies, clinical trials and basic science has found an inverse correlation between flavonoid intake and a decreased mortality from the prevalence of stroke and coronary heart disease, including the improvement of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risks.
More than 4000 naturally occurring flavonoids have been identified, including fruits, vegetables, red wine, tea, soy and licorice. Flavonoids (flavonols, flavones and isoflavones) are potent free radical scavengers that inhibit lipid peroxidation, prevent atherosclerosis, promote vascular relaxation and also have anti-hypertensive properties. Along with reducing stroke and providing effects which reduce mortality and CHD morbidity, as mentioned.
Many mechanisms have been suggested to explain the protective effects of flavonoids in relation to cardiovascular diseases:
Antiatherogenic effects. Flavonoids along with other antioxidants, comprise two lines of defense in protecting cells from harm because of oxidation of LDL cholesterol; First, in the LDL blood cholesterol level, by inhibiting LDL oxidation because of their free radical scavenger activity, and second, in the cellular level, by shielding the cells accordingly, i.e., by raising their resistance against the cytotoxic effect of oxidised LDL. Recent research studies suggest that flavonoids may additionally help stop the expression of adhesion and chemoattractant molecules.
Antiaggregant effects. Flavonoids avoid platelet aggregation triggered by numerous pro-aggregant stimuli although high doses are required. Inhibition of platelet phosphodiesterases, inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism and antioxidant effects have been suggested as potential mechanisms of action.
Direct effects on vascular smooth muscle. The vasodilator effects of flavonoids in vitro is endothelium-independent. The most important mechanism appears to be related to their inhibitory effects on protein kinases. Some flavonoids, though, can produce endothelium-dependent contractile reactions due to increased TXA2, or thromboxane A2, production.
Anti-hypertensive results.�Only small amounts of information concerning the effects of flavonoids on blood pressure have been obtained. However, recently, the oral administration of quercetin has been shown to exert potent anti-hypertensive effects
Resveratrol is a potent antioxidant and anti-hypertensive, found from red wine and in the skin of grapes. Administration to individuals enhances compliance, reduces enhancement indicator and enhances blood pressure when administered as 250 mL of either�regular or de-alcoholized red wine. There was a substantial reduction in the aortic augmentation index of 6.1 percent together with all the de-alcoholized red wine and 10.5 percent with regular red wine. The central blood pressure was significantly reduced by de-alcoholized red wine in 7.4 mmHg and 5.4 mmHg by routine red wine. Resveratrol improves ED circulation mediated vasodilation at a dose related manner, prevents uncoupling of eNOS, increases adiponec-tin, lowers HS-CRP and blocks the effects of angiotensin II. The suggested dose is 250 mg/d of transresveratrol.
Research on CVD and Flavonoids
Basic science, clinical monitoring, and a variety of research studies, have all led to an emerging body of evidence on the role of flavonoids, at the prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, the existing studies on flavonoids or its food resources have provided contradictory results,�generally on the primary prevention of coronary heart disease mortality. The study used the grant mechanism to analyze data that was previously collected.
The researchers examined whether flavonoid intake was associated with the risk of incident cardiovascular disease and whether specific food sources of flavonoids, including onions, tea, apples, red wine, along with other foods, have been related to the risk of CVD and hypertension. The researchers processed and examined previously collected statistics of 39,876 middle-aged and elderly girls free of CVD; the Women’s Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study (WACS), a prospective study of 8,171 middle-aged and older women with preexisting CVD or over three coronary risk factors; the Normative Aging Study (NAS), a prospective study of 2,280 middle-aged and elderly men; along with the Boston Area Health Study (BAHS), a case-control study of first nonfatal myocardial infarction in women and men aged less than 76 decades. Utilizing data from semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires administered in every study, the investigators determined individual intake of flavonoids and its food sources.
Unlike previous studies, researchers have examined flavonoids in relation to both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, comprising verified cases of nonfatal myocardial infarction (Ml), nonfatal stroke, revascularization procedures, and death. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
Remember how your mom always said, “Nothing in life is free”? Well, she was right. High-tech gadgets and smart phones advancing at the speed of light are a modern convenience unlike little else, but the advantages of communication at our fingertips come with a price: text neck.
Here are 5 things chiropractic patients ought to know about text neck, the epidemic that is taking the world by storm:
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1. Text neck is caused by poor posture.
Specifically, habitually looking down at a phone or laptop puts extra pounds of unwanted pressure on the cervical spine, causing wear and tear and even degeneration over time. Additionally, in the space between the neck and shoulder is a cluster of nerves. If these nerves are compressed, misaligned, or damaged, the pain is excruciating and difficult to treat.
In short: Text neck puts the head, neck, and spine at risk.
2. Text neck is increasingly common among young people.
Spending as little as two to four hours a day hunched over a smart phone is enough to make a serious impact on the body over time. And though two to four hours may not seem like a long time, it isn’t hard to arrive at two hours by adding several 15-minute or half-hour segments together.
For teenagers, specifically, two to four hours on a smart phone is not unfathomable. Some teens likely spend twice that much time in a given afternoon or the space between classes or over lunch. Consider the impact of 1500+ hours of bad posture in a year. It is no surprise that teenagers are at risk.
The lasting impact of text neck on today’s young people could be costly.
3. Text neck in combination with a sedentary lifestyle is a recipe for disaster.
With hours of looking down at a smart phone often come hours of relaxing on the couch or sitting still. Generally speaking, we aren’t prone to be active when we are engaged in surfing the Internet or texting our friends.
Though the list of ailments for poor posture is long and discouraging, it is made worse by sluggishness or inactivity. The best thing to do is to put the phone down on occasion, stretch, exercise, and return to the technology only once in a while.
The benefits of technology do not outweigh the consequences of inactivity.
4. Text neck can be corrected.
Practicing good posture is the easiest place to start. Making an appointment with a chiropractor is a good move for anyone who is facing the painful side effects of hours spent looking down.
Taking small steps toward better posture can save money and pain in the long run. Choosing to engage in technology as a treat instead of around the clock is a good practice for anyone who wants to live a long and healthy life.
5. Text neck can be avoided.
To be clear: No one is asking anyone to stop using cell phones. Text neck can be avoided without going 1980 on cell phone usage. But avoiding extra pressure on the neck and spine does require forethought and follow-through.
In today’s ever-increasing technological age, choosing to dodge smart phone usage doesn’t happen accidentally. One good strategy is to look with the eyes instead of moving the neck. Another strategy is to ask friends and family to say something when they notice prolonged periods of poor posture.
In short, text neck is nothing to LOL about. Take it seriously and make any necessary changes before text neck gets the best of you. Let us know how we can help by giving us a call today.
This article is copyrighted by Blogging Chiros LLC for its Doctor of Chiropractic members and may not be copied or duplicated in any manner including printed or electronic media, regardless of whether for a fee or gratis without the prior written permission of Blogging Chiros, LLC.
If you have pain in any part of your body, it can range from uncomfortable to downright debilitating. In the case of your neck, any degree of irritation can impede your ability to function. Because of this, it is important that you learn about how chiropractic relieves neck pain so that you can find the assistance you need.
When you first visit a chiropractor, you should take along medical records that relate to your neck pain. This includes any medical history that outlines the description and symptoms of your condition by another physician. For instance, whether the pains are sharp or dull, throbbing or steady can provide valuable information to your chiropractor.
You should also make sure to get a copy of your latest x-rays. If you do not have any, that is okay because most chiropractors will either perform them on-site or refer you to a radiology clinic off-site.
Depending on the chiropractor�s approach, a typical first visit includes an initial consultation, examination and x-rays. If the chiropractor has time, he or she may go over the results of the aforementioned the same day.
However, many chiropractors prefer to study and review your case before determining if they can or cannot help you. So, even though you�re in pain, be patient for the chiropractor�s full recommendations which may not be available until the following day.
With that said, most chiropractors won�t leave you hanging. They�re compassionate to your pain. In other words, they�ll administer some form of pain relief the same day as your initial visit until a complete diagnosis is available.
During this initial waiting period, your local chiropractor may administer the following pain relief methods for neck pain:
Ice
Light soft tissue work using a topical analgesic like BioFreeze�
Interferential therapy, electrical stimulation and/or other physical therapy modalities
Heat (if the condition isn�t acute)
Additionally, your local chiropractor may make pain relief recommendations that you can use back home to help reduce your neck pain until your next visit. These typically include the proper use of ice as well as the administration of a topical analgesic like BioFreeze�.
During your subsequent visit, a detailed treatment plan will be presented to you if your chiropractor believes he or she can help correct the problem. If so, be consistent with the treatment plan your diagnosis warrants so that your neck pain is not only relieved but potentially corrected.
Remember, your local chiropractor is not only concerned about relieving your neck pain but even more concerned about finding and fixing the cause of the problem. Misalignments of the spine (aka vertebral subluxations) don�t just happen over night (unless there is some form of blunt force that caused it). So correcting these subluxations through multiple chiropractic adjustments may take time, even when the pain disappears.
Regardless, when people are experiencing neck pain, it can diminish their quality of life. It becomes difficult to perform regular tasks such as driving. Visiting a chiropractor and allowing them to treat the area is a smart choice. These professionals have undergone extensive training in their field and are capable of treating neck pain effectively. So if you or a loved one are experiencing neck pain, give us a call. We�re here to help!
This article is copyrighted by Blogging Chiros LLC for its Doctor of Chiropractic members and may not be copied or duplicated in any manner including printed or electronic media, regardless of whether for a fee or gratis without the prior written permission of Blogging Chiros, LLC.
The increased risk of cardiovascular disease has been frequently attributed to an improper diet and nutrition. Foods high in saturated and trans fats, for example, can substantially raise the levels of “bad cholesterol” in the body, which may then lead to high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. While vitamin and mineral deficiencies as well as the improper intake of other important compounds, like amino acids, have been linked to CVD, several research studies have found that fiber can have a tremendous influence in the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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How does fiber help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease?
Abnormal levels of cholesterol, medically recognized as LDL and HDL cholesterol, can develop into fatty deposits within the blood vessels. Over time, these deposits can make it difficult for enough blood to circulate through the arteries. The�heart may not get as much oxygen-rich blood as it needs, which then increases the risk of cardiovascular. But, can fiber prevent cardiovascular disease? Before covering how fiber can improve the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, we must first understand what fiber is and what role it plays in the human body.
Many different definitions of fiber have been created to-date. In an attempt to create a single definition of fiber that everyone can utilize, the Nutrition and Food Board constructed a panel that came up with the following definitions:
Dietary fiber consists of non-digestible carbohydrates and lignin that are intrinsic and intact in plants. This includes plant non-starch polysaccharides (by way of example, cellulose, pectin, gums, hemicellulose, and fibers inside oat and wheat bran), oligosaccharides, lignin, and several forms of resistant starch.
Functional fiber consists of isolated, non-digestible carbohydrates which are beneficial in humans. These include non-digestible plant (for instance, resistant starch, pectin, and gums), chitin, chitosan, or commercially generated (by way of example, resistant starch, polydextrose, inulin, and indigestible dextrins) carbohydrates.
Total fiber is the sum of dietary fiber and functional fiber. It’s not important to differentiate between which types of the fibers you are getting in your daily dietary and nutritional program. Your total fiber intake is what matters.
Whichever definition is the most suitable to each individual, remember that fiber is an essential part of everyone’s diet. While fiber does fall under the category of carbohydrates, in comparison, it does not provide the same number of calories, nor is it processed the way that other sources of carbohydrates are. Fiber, however, can be further classified as soluble or insoluble.
Soluble Fiber
Soluble fibers have the ability to swell and hold water.
When eaten as part of a diet low in saturated and trans fats, soluble fiber has been associated with an increased diet quality as well as the reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Soluble fiber modestly reduces LDL (“bad”) cholesterol past levels attained by a diet low in saturated fats and trans fats alone.
Oats have a larger proportion of soluble fiber compared to any other grain.
Insoluble Fiber
Insoluble fiber has been associated with decreased and slower progression of cardiovascular disease in high-risk individuals.
Most other grains, rye, rice, and wheat are composed of insoluble fiber.
Legumes, beans, and peas can also be excellent sources of both soluble and insoluble fiber. Certain fruits and vegetables are better sources of both insoluble and soluble fiber compared to others. Many processed oat bran and wheat bran products (for instance, muffins, chips, waffles) could be made out of refined grains, perhaps not the entire grain. They can be high in sodium, added sugars and saturated fat. Make sure to read labels carefully.
Fiber for Preventing Cardiovascular Disease
In order to help decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, many health care professionals recommend adhering to a high-fiber diet to improve your overall heart health. Studies have produced evidence to support this. At a Harvard study of over 40,000 health professionals, it was found that a high total dietary fiber intake was linked to a 40 percent lower risk of coronary heart disease, or CHD, compared to a low-fiber intake. Another study of over 31,000 California Seventh-day Adventists found a 44 percent reduced risk of nonfatal coronary heart disease and an 11 percent reduced risk of fatal coronary heart disease for those who ate whole-wheat bread compared with those who ate white bread.
Another predictor of cardiovascular disease is blood sugar, along with LDL and HDL cholesterol levels. It seems that soluble fiber reduces the absorption of cholesterol into the intestines by binding with bile (which includes cholesterol) and dietary cholesterol so that the body excretes it. Bran fiber intervention trials in which fiber supplementation was combined with a low-fat diet and the oat bean shows that reductions in cholesterol levels ranged from 8 to 26 percent. Other studies have revealed that 5 to 10 grams of fiber per day decreases LDL cholesterol by about 5 percent. Each of these advantages will happen no matter of the fluctuations in dietary fat consumption. In a trial with low fat and low fat plus high fiber groups, the group consuming high fiber exhibited a greater average reduction (13%) in total cholesterol concentration than the low fat (9%) and the usual diet (7%) groups.
The clinical trials with many sorts of fiber are inconsistent, however, when it comes to decreasing high blood pressure. Soluble fiber, guar gum guava, psyllium and oat bran can decrease blood pressure and lower the need for medication in hypertensive subjects locations and subjects. The typical reduction in BP is about 7.5/5.5 mmHg on 40 to 50 g/d of a mixed fiber. There is development in sodium loss, improvement in insulin sensitivity, endothelial function and decrease in the sympathetic nervous system activity.
Finding the Right Fiber Intake
The daily consumption of fiber from the typical American is about 5 to 14 grams every day. The American Heart Association, or the AHA, recommends that to an adequate intake of fiber should be based on the individual’s gender and age. The daily value for fiber is 25 grams of fiber each day for a 2,000 calorie diet. The AHA recommends getting fiber from foods rather than from fiber supplements.
Serving Size
In accordance with the American Heart Association, the next count as 1 ounce-equivalent (or 1 serving) of whole grains:
1 slice whole-grain bread (such as 100% whole-wheat bread)
1 cup ready-to-eat, whole-grain cereal
1?2 cup cooked whole-grain cereal, brown rice, or whole-wheat pasta
5 whole-grain crackers
3 cups unsalted, air-popped popcorn
1 6-inch whole-wheat tortilla
Fiber should be a part of a balanced diet and nutrition. Following the best dietary and nutritional plans can help improve overall heart health, substantially helping to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. Fiber can help reduce the levels of “bad cholesterol” in the body, balancing overall blood cholesterol to improve blood circulation and prevent CVD complications. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
The American Heart Association, or the AHA, has had a consistent, long-standing focus towards providing the public with the necessary information regarding the role of nutrition reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Periodic AHA Dietary Guidelines�support a dietary pattern that promotes the consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat or nonfat dairy products, fish, legumes, poultry, and lean meats. An improper nutrition consisting of foods rich in saturated and trans fats, can raise the human body’s “bad” cholesterol levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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How can vitamins improve the risk of cardiovascular disease?
The American Heart Association’s Dietary Guidelines can help with weight control as well as provide a high nutrient density to meet all nutritional needs.�As reviewed in the first AHA Science Advisory, epidemiological and population studies reported that some vitamins, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), may beneficially affect cardiovascular disease. Reducing the overall risk of cardiovascular disease�can be achieved by the long-term consumption of dietary patterns consistent with the AHA Dietary Guidelines. Vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D and vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), each perform a specific function in the prevention and improvement of CVD. The following are described in detail, below.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is a powerful water-soluble electron-donor. At physiologic levels, it is an antioxidant, although at supra-physiologic doses such as those achieved with intravenous vitamin C, it donates electrons to different enzymes in a pro-oxidative effect. At physiologic doses, vitamin C recycles vitamin E, improves ED and produces a diuresis. Intake of vitamin C and plasma ascorbate concentration in humans is related to heart rate, DBP and SBP.
A review of clinical trials suggest that vitamin C dosing in 250 mg twice daily will lower SBP 5-7 mmHg and diastolic BP 2-4 mmHg in more than 8 weeks. Vitamin C may give rise to a sodium water diuresis, enhance nitric oxide, improve endothelial function, increase nitric oxide and PGI2, decrease adrenal hormone production, improve sympathovagal balance, boost RBC Na/K ATPase, boost SOD, improve aortic elasticity and elasticity, enhance circulation conducive vaso-dilation, reduce pulse wave speed and augmentation index, raise cyclic GMP, trigger potassium channels, reduce cytosolic calcium and reduce serum aldehydes. Vitamin C prevents ED, decreasing the binding affinity of the AT 1 receptor for angiotensin II by disrupting the disulfide bridges, it enriches the antihypertensive effects of drugs and medications in the elderly with hypertension. In patients with hypertension already on maximum pharmacologic therapy, 600 mg of vitamin C lowered the BP in 20/16 mmHg. The lower the first ascorbate serum amount, the greater the blood pressure response. A serum level of 100 ?mol/L is recommended. The SBP and 24 ABM reveal the most important reductions with chronic oral administration of Vitamin C. Block et al within an elegant depletion-repletion study of vitamin C revealed an inverse correlation of plasma ascorbate levels, SBP and DBP. At a meta-analysis of thirteen clinical trials jointly with 284 patients, vitamin C in 500 mg/d in more than 6 weeks decreased SBP 3.9 mmHg and DBP 2.1 mmHg. Hypertensive individuals were found to have significantly lower plasma ascorbate levels in comparison with normotensive subjects (40 ?mol/L vs 57 ?mol/L respectively), and plasma ascorbate is inversely correlated with BP even in healthy, normotensive individuals.
Vitamin E
Most studies have not shown reductions in BP with most forms of tocopherols or tocotrienols.. Patients with T2DM and controlled hypertension (130/76 mmHg) on prescription drugs and medications with an average blood pressure of 136/76 mmHg were administered mixed tocopherols containing 60 percent gamma, 25 per cent delta and 15 percent alpha tocopherols. The BP really increased by 6.8/3.6 mmHg in the research patients (de < 0.0001) but was significantly less compared to this growth with alpha tocopherol of 7/5.3 mmHg (p< 0.0001). This might be a reflection of drug interactions with tocopherols via cytochrome P 450 (3A4 and 4F2) and reduction in the serum levels of the pharmacologic therapy treatments that were concurrently being granted to the patients. Gamma tocopherol could have natriuretic effects by inhibition of this potassium channel in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle and reduced BP. Insulin sensitivity improves and enhances adiponectin expression through gamma dependent procedures, which have the potential to serum glucose and lower BP. When vitamin E has an effect, it is most likely small and might be restricted to those with cardiovascular disease or untreated hypertensive patients or psychiatric problems, such as hyperlipidemia or diabetes.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D3 may have an independent and immediate role in the regulation of insulin metabolism and BP. Blood pressure, with its consequences, affects the RAA system, control of adrenal glands, immune system, calcium-phosphate metabolism and ED. The circulating PRA amounts are higher which increases angiotensin II if the vitamin D degree is below 30 ng/mL, increases BP and blunts plasma renal blood flow. The lower the degree of vitamin D, the greater the chance of hypertension, with the lowest quartile of serum Vitamin D with an incidence of hypertension in addition to the maximum quartile. Vitamin D3 markedly suppresses renin transcription. Its function in quantity, electrolytes and BP homeostasis indicates that Vitamin D3 is important in amelioration of hypertension. Vitamin D lowers ADMA, suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines for example TNF-?, raises nitric oxide, improves endothelial function and arterial elasticity, decreases vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy, modulates electrolytes and blood glucose, increases insulin sensitivity, reduces free fatty acid concentration, regulates the expression of the natriuretic peptide receptor additionally reduces HS-CRP.
The hypotensive effect of vitamin D has been inversely related to the pretreatment serum levels of 1,25(OH)2D3and additive to antihypertensive drugs and medications. Pfeifer et al revealed that supplementation with vitamin D3 and calcium is more effective in reducing SBP. In a study, 148 women with low 25(OH)2D3 levels, the management of 1200 mg calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D3 decreased SBP 9.3 percent more (p< 0.02) in comparison to 1200 mg of calcium alone. The HR fell 5.4 percent (p = 0.02), but DBP wasn’t changed. The scope in BP reduction was 3.6/3.1 to 13.1/7.2 mmHg. The reduction in BP is about serum level of vitamin D3, the dose of vitamin D3 and the level of vitamin D3, but BP is reduced only in patients. Although vitamin D deficiency is associated with hypertension in observational studies, their meta-analysis and randomized clinical trials have yielded inconclusive results. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms may effect the risk of hypertension. A 25 hydroxyvitamin D level of 60 ng/mL is suggested.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Low serum vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) levels are linked to hypertension in several individuals. One research study conducted by Aybak et al demonstrated that blood pressure was significantly reduced by high dose vitamin B6 at 5 mg/kg daily for 4 wk by 14/10 mmHg. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is a cofactor in neurotransmitter and hormone synthesis in the central nervous system(norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin, GABA and kynurenine), raises cysteine synthesis to neutralize aldehydes, improves the production of glutathione, blocks calcium channels, enhances insulin resistance, reduces central sympathetic tone and reduces end organ responsiveness to glucocorticoids and mineralo-corticoids. Vitamin B6 is decreased using pyrollactams and chronic therapy. Vitamin B6 has actions to diuretics alpha agonists and CCB’s. The proposed dose is 200 mg/d orally.
In conclusion, individuals with cardiovascular disease can benefit from the proper diet and nutrition. Essential vitamins found in the dietary patterns provided by the American Heart Association’s Dietary Guidelines can ultimately help reduce and prevent the risk of cardiovascular disease as well as help improve overall heart health. An improper nutrition consisting of foods rich in saturated and trans fats can increase the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. While diagnosis and drugs/medications can be prescribed to treat cardiovascular disease, a balanced nutrition can have similar effects.� The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
By Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Wellness
Overall health and wellness are essential towards maintaining the proper mental and physical balance in the body. From eating a balanced nutrition as well as exercising and participating in physical activities, to sleeping a healthy amount of time on a regular basis, following the best health and wellness tips can ultimately help maintain overall well-being. Eating plenty of fruits and vegetables can go a long way towards helping people become healthy.
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