Back Clinic Herbs Functional Medicine Team. A medication prepared from plants, including most of the world’s traditional remedies for disease. Most think of herbal remedies as products sold over the counter as “supplements,” such as saw palmetto extract or some ointment. However, many over-the-counter and prescription drugs are based on ingredients derived from plants, including aspirin and digoxin. Lab tests show that some herbal remedies are effective against illness. An Individual should use these drugs as carefully as prescription medicines, using caution to avoid overdose, interactions with other medications, and misuse.
Herbal medicines are one type of dietary supplement. They are sold as tablets, capsules, powders, teas, extracts, and fresh or dried plants. People use herbal medicines to maintain or improve health. Many believe that products labeled “natural” are safe to use. This is not true, as herbal medicines do not have to go through the testing that drugs do. Some herbs, such as comfrey and ephedra, can cause serious harm. In addition, certain herbs interaction with a prescription or over-the-counter medicines can work well with other medicines and be dangerous. Before using herbal medicines, first, get information from reliable sources and tell your health care provider about any herbal medicines you are taking.
The nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway, best known as Nrf2, is a protective mechanism which functions as a “master regulator” of the human body’s antioxidant response. Nrf2 senses the levels of oxidative stress within the cells and triggers protective antioxidant mechanisms. While Nrf2 activation can have many benefits, Nrf2 “overexpression” can have several risks.
It appears that a balanced degree of NRF2 is essential towards preventing the overall development of a variety of diseases in addition to the general improvement of these health issues. However, NRF2 can also cause complications. The main cause behind NRF2 “overexpression” is due to a genetic mutation or a continuing chronic exposure to a chemical or oxidative stress, among others. Below, we will discuss the downsides of Nrf2 overexpression and demonstrate its mechanisms of action within the human body.
Cancer
Research studies found that mice that don’t express NRF2 are more inclined to develop cancer in response to physical and chemical stimulation. Similar research studies, however, showed that NRF2 over-activation, or even KEAP1 inactivation, can result in the exacerbation of certain cancers, particularly if those pathways have been interrupted. Overactive�NRF2 can occur through smoking, where continuous NRF2 activation is believed to be the cause of lung cancer in smokers. Nrf2 overexpression might cause cancerous cells not to self-destruct, while intermittent NRF2 activation can prevent cancerous cells from triggering toxin induction.
Additionally, because NRF2 overexpression increases the human body’s antioxidant ability to function beyond redox homeostasis, this boosts cell division and generates an unnatural pattern of DNA and histone methylation. This can ultimately�make�chemotherapy and radiotherapy less effective against cancer. Therefore, limiting NRF2 activation with substances like DIM, Luteolin, Zi Cao, or salinomycin could be ideal for patients with cancer although Nrf2 overactivation should not be considered to be the only cause for cancer. Nutrient deficiencies can affect genes, including NRF2. This might be one way as to how deficiencies contribute to tumors.
Liver
The overactivation of Nrf2, can also affect the function of specific organs in the human body. NRF2 overexpression can ultimately block the production of the insulin-like growth factor 1, or IGF-1, from the liver, which is essential for the regeneration of the liver.
Heart
While the acute overexpression of Nrf2 may have its benefits, continuous overexpression of NRF2 may cause long-term harmful effects on the heart, such as cardiomyopathy. NRF2 expression can be increased through high levels of cholesterol, or the activation of HO-1. This is believed to be the reason why chronic elevated levels of cholesterol might cause cardiovascular health issues.
Vitiligo
NRF2 overexpression has also been demonstrated to inhibit the capability to repigment in vitiligo as it might obstruct Tyrosinase, or TYR, action which is essential for repigmentation through melaninogenesis. Research studies have demonstrated that this process may be one of the primary reasons as to why people with vitiligo don’t seem to activate Nrf2 as efficiently as people without vitiligo.
Why NRF2 May Not Function Properly
Hormesis
NRF2 has to be hormetically activated in order to be able to take advantage of its benefits. In other words, Nrf2 shouldn’t trigger every minute or every day,�therefore, it’s a great idea to take breaks from it, by way of instance, 5 days on 5 days off or every other day. NRF2 must also accomplish a specific threshold to trigger its hormetic response, where a small stressor may not be enough to trigger it.
DJ-1 Oxidation
Protein deglycase DJ-1, or just DJ-1, also called the Parkinson’s disease protein, or PARK7, is a master regulator and detector of the redox status in the human body. DJ-1 is essential towards regulating how long NRF2 can perform its function and produce an antioxidant response. In the case that DJ-1 becomes overoxidized, the cells will make the DJ-1 protein less accessible.
This process induces NRF2 activation to expire too fast since DJ-1 is paramount for maintaining balanced levels of NRF2 and preventing them from being broken down in the cell. In case the DJ-1 protein is non-existent or overoxidized, NRF2 expression will probably be minimal, even using DIM or alternative NRF2 activators. DJ-1 expression is imperative to restore impaired NRF2 action.
Chronic Illness
If you have a chronic illness, including CIRS, chronic infections/dysbiosis/SIBO, or heavy metal build up, such as mercury and/or that from root canals, these can obstruct the systems of NRF2 and phase two detoxification. Rather than oxidative stress turning NRF2 into an antioxidant, NRF2 will not trigger and oxidative stress can remain in the cell and cause damage, meaning, there is no antioxidant response. This is a significant reason why many people with CIRS have several sensitivities and reach to numerous factors. Some people believe they may be�having a herx response, however, this reaction may only be damaging the cells farther.
Treating chronic illness, however, will permit the liver to discharge toxins into the bile, gradually developing the hormetic response of NRF2 activation. If the bile remains toxic and it’s not excreted from the human body, it will reactivate NRF2’s oxidative stress and cause you to feel worse once it’s reabsorbed from the gastrointestinal, or GI, tract. For example, ochratoxin A may block NRF2. Aside from treating the problem, histone deacetylase inhibitors can block the oxidative reaction from a number of the factors which trigger NRF2 activation but it might also prevent NRF2 from triggerring�normally, which might ultimately fail to serve its purpose.
Fish Oil Dysregulation
Cholinergics are substances which boost acetylcholine, or ACh, and choline in the brain through the increase of ACh, particularly when inhibiting the breakdown of ACh. Patients with CIRS often have problems with the dysregulation of acetylcholine levels in the human body, especially in the brain. Fish oil triggers NRF2, activating its protective antioxidant mechanism within the cells.
People with chronic illnesses might have problems with cognitive stress and acetylcholine excitotoxicity, from organophosphate accumulation, which might cause fish oil to create�inflammation within the human body. Choline deficiency additionally induces NRF2 activation. Including choline into your diet, (polyphenols, eggs, etc.) can help enhance the effects of cholinergic dysregulation.
What Decreases NRF2?
Decreasing NRF2 overexpression is best for people that have cancer, although it may be beneficial for a variety of other health issues.
Diet, Supplements, and Common Medicines:
Apigenin (higher doses)
Brucea javanica
Chestnuts
EGCG (high doses increase NRF2)
Fenugreek (Trigonelline)
Hiba (Hinokitiol / ?-thujaplicin)
High Salt Diet
Luteolin (Celery, green pepper, parsley, perilla leaf, and chamomile tea – higher doses may increase NRF2 – 40 mg/kg luteolin three times per week )
Metformin (chronic intake)
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC, by blocking the oxidative response, esp at high doses)
Orange Peel (have polymethoxylated flavonoids)
Quercetin (higher doses may increase NRF2 – 50 mg/kg/d quercetin)
Salinomycin (drug)
Retinol (all-trans retinoic acid)
Vitamin C when combined with Quercetin
Zi Cao (Purple Gromwel has Shikonin/Alkannin)
Pathways and Other:
Bach1
BET
Biofilms
Brusatol
Camptothecin
DNMT
DPP-23
EZH2
Glucocorticoid Receptor signaling (Dexamethasone and Betamethasone as well)
GSK-3? (regulatory feedback)
HDAC activation?
Halofuginone
Homocysteine (ALCAR can reverse this homocysteine induce low levels of NRF2)
IL-24
Keap1
MDA-7
NF?B
Ochratoxin A(aspergillus and pencicllium species)
Promyelocytic leukemia protein
p38
p53
p97
Retinoic acid receptor alpha
Selenite
SYVN1 (Hrd1)
STAT3 inhibition (such as Cryptotanshinone)
Testosterone (and Testosterone propionate, although TP intranasally may increase NRF2)
Trecator (Ethionamide)
Trx1 (via reduction of Cys151 in Keap1 or of Cys506 in the NLS region of Nrf2)
Trolox
Vorinostat
Zinc Deficiency (makes it worse in the brain)
Nrf2 Mechanism Of Action
Oxidative stress triggers through CUL3 where NRF2 from KEAP1, a negative inhibitor, subsequently enters the nucleus of these cells, stimulating the transcription of the AREs, turning sulfides into disulfides, and turning them into more antioxidant genes, leading to the upregulation of antioxidants, such as GSH, GPX, GST, SOD, etc.. The rest of these can be seen in the list below:
Increases AKR
Increases ARE
Increases ATF4
Increases Bcl-xL
Increases Bcl-2
Increases BDNF
Increases BRCA1
Increases c-Jun
Increases CAT
Increases cGMP
Increases CKIP-1
Increases CYP450
Increases Cul3
Increases GCL
Increases GCLC
Increases GCLM
Increases GCS
Increases GPx
Increases GR
Increases GSH
Increases GST
Increases HIF1
Increases HO-1
Increases HQO1
Increases HSP70
Increases IL-4
Increases IL-5
Increases IL-10
Increases IL-13
Increases K6
Increases K16
Increases K17
Increases mEH
Increases Mrp2-5
Increases NADPH
Increases Notch 1
Increases NQO1
Increases PPAR-alpha
Increases Prx
Increases p62
Increases Sesn2
Increases Slco1b2
Increases sMafs
Increases SOD
Increases Trx
Increases Txn(d)
Increases UGT1(A1/6)
Increases VEGF
Reduces ADAMTS(4/5)
Reduces alpha-SMA
Reduces ALT
Reduces AP1
Reduces AST
Reduces Bach1
Reduces COX-2
Reduces DNMT
Reduces FASN
Reduces FGF
Reduces HDAC
Reduces IFN-?
Reduces IgE
Reduces IGF-1
Reduces IL-1b
Reduces IL-2
Reduces IL-6
Reduces IL-8
Reduces IL-25
Reduces IL-33
Reduces iNOS
Reduces LT
Reduces Keap1
Reduces MCP-1
Reduces MIP-2
Reduces MMP-1
Reduces MMP-2
Reduces MMP-3
Reduces MMP-9
Reduces MMP-13
Reduces NfkB
Reduces NO
Reduces SIRT1
Reduces TGF-b1
Reduces TNF-alpha
Reduces Tyr
Reduces VCAM-1
Encoded from the NFE2L2 gene, NRF2, or nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, is a transcription factor in the basic leucine zipper, or bZIP, superfamily which utilizes a Cap’n’Collar, or CNC structure.
It promotes nitric enzymes, biotransformation enzymes, and xenobiotic efflux transporters.
It is an essential regulator at the induction of the phase II antioxidant and detoxification enzyme genes, which protect cells from damage caused by oxidative�stress and electrophilic attacks.
During homeostatic conditions, Nrf2 is sequestered in the cytosol through bodily attachment of the N-terminal domain of Nrf2, or the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein or Keap1, also referred to as INrf2 or Inhibitor of Nrf2, inhibiting Nrf2 activation.
It may also be controlled by mammalian selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1, or TrxR1, which functions as a negative regulator.
Upon vulnerability to electrophilic stressors, Nrf2 dissociates from Keap1, translocating into the nucleus, where it then heterodimerizes with a range of transcriptional regulatory protein.
Frequent interactions comprise with those of transcription authorities Jun and Fos, which can be members of the activator protein family of transcription factors.
After dimerization, these complexes then bind to antioxidant/electrophile responsive components ARE/EpRE and activate transcription, as is true with the Jun-Nrf2 complex, or suppress transcription, much like the Fos-Nrf2 complex.
The positioning of the ARE, which is triggered or inhibited, will determine which genes are transcriptionally controlled by these variables.
When ARE is triggered:
Activation of the�synthesis of antioxidants is capable of detoxifying ROS like catalase, superoxide-dismutase, or SOD, GSH-peroxidases, GSH-reductase, GSH-transferase, NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase, or NQO1, Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system, thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and HSP70.
Activation of this GSH synthase permits a noticeable growth of the�GSH intracellular degree, which is quite protective.
The augmentation of this synthesis and degrees of phase II enzymes like UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, N-acetyltransferases, and sulfotransferases.
The upregulation of HO-1, which is a really protective receptor with a potential growth of CO that in conjunction with NO allows vasodilation of ischemic cells.
Reduction of iron overload through elevated ferritin and bilirubin as a lipophilic antioxidant. Both the phase II proteins along with the antioxidants are able to fix the chronic oxidative stress and also to revive a normal redox system.
GSK3? under the management of AKT and PI3K, phosphorylates Fyn resulting in Fyn nuclear localization, which Fyn phosphorylates Nrf2Y568 leading to nuclear export and degradation of Nrf2.
NRF2 also dampens the TH1/TH17 response and enriches the TH2 response.
HDAC inhibitors triggered the Nrf2 signaling pathway and up-regulated that the Nrf2 downstream targets HO-1, NQO1, and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, or GCLC, by curbing Keap1 and encouraging dissociation of Keap1 from Nrf2, Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and Nrf2-ARE binding.
Nrf2 includes a half-life of about 20 minutes under basal conditions.
Diminishing the IKK? pool through Keap1 binding reduces I?B? degradation and might be the elusive mechanism by which Nrf2 activation is proven to inhibit NF?B activation.
Keap1 does not always have to be downregulated to get NRF2 to operate, such as chlorophyllin, blueberry, ellagic acid, astaxanthin, and tea polyphenols may boost NRF2 and KEAP1 at 400 percent.
Nrf2 regulates negatively through the term of stearoyl CoA desaturase, or SCD, and citrate lyase, or CL.
Genetics
KEAP1
rs1048290
C allele – showed a significant risk for and a protective effect against drug resistant epilepsy (DRE)
rs11085735 (I’m AC)
associated with rate of decline of lung function in the LHS
MAPT
rs242561
T allele – protective allele for Parkinsonian disorders – had stronger NRF2/sMAF binding and was associated with the higher MAPT mRNA levels in 3 different regions in brain, including cerebellar cortex (CRBL), temporal cortex (TCTX), intralobular white matter (WHMT)
NFE2L2 (NRF2)
rs10183914 (I’m CT)
T allele – increased levels of Nrf2 protein and delayed age of onset of Parkinson’s by four years
rs16865105 (I’m AC)
C allele – had higher risk of Parkinson’s Disease
rs1806649 (I’m CT)
C allele – has been identified and may be relevant for breast cancer etiology.
associated with increased risk of hospital admissions during periods of high PM10 levels
rs1962142 (I’m GG)
T allele – was associated with a low level of cytoplasmic NRF2 expression (P = 0.036) and negative sulfiredoxin expression (P = 0.042)
A allele – protected from forearm blood flow (FEV) decline (forced expiratory volume in one second) in relation to cigarette smoking status (p = 0.004)
rs2001350 (I’m TT)
T allele – protected from FEV decline (forced expiratory volume in one second) in relation to cigarette smoking status (p = 0.004)
rs2364722 (I’m AA)
A allele – protected from FEV decline (forced expiratory volume in one second) in relation to cigarette smoking status (p = 0.004)
rs2364723
C allele – associated with significantly reduced FEV in Japanese smokers with lung cancer
rs2706110
G allele – showed a significant risk for and a protective effect against drug resistant epilepsy (DRE)
AA alleles – showed significantly reduced KEAP1 expression
AA alleles – was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (P = 0.011)
rs2886161 (I’m TT)
T allele – associated with Parkinson’s Disease
rs2886162
A allele – was associated with low NRF2 expression (P = 0.011; OR, 1.988; CI, 1.162�3.400) and the AA genotype was associated with a worse survival (P = 0.032; HR, 1.687; CI, 1.047�2.748)
rs35652124 (I’m TT)
A allele – associated with higher associated with age at onset for Parkinson’s Disease vs G allele
C allele – had increase NRF2 protein
T allele – had less NRF2 protein and greater risk of heart disease and blood pressure
rs6706649 (I’m CC)
C allele – had lower NRF2 protein and increase risk for Parkinson’s Disease
rs6721961 (I’m GG)
T allele – had lower NRF2 protein
TT alleles – association between cigarette smoking in heavy smokers and a decrease in semen quality
TT allele – was associated with increased risk of breast cancer [P = 0.008; OR, 4.656; confidence interval (CI), 1.350�16.063] and the T allele was associated with a low extent of NRF2 protein expression (P = 0.0003; OR, 2.420; CI, 1.491�3.926) and negative SRXN1 expression (P = 0.047; OR, 1.867; CI = 1.002�3.478)
T allele – allele was also nominally associated with ALI-related 28-day mortality following systemic inflammatory response syndrome
T allele – protected from FEV decline (forced expiratory volume in one second) in relation to cigarette smoking status (p = 0.004)
G allele – associated with increased risk of ALI following major trauma in European and African-Americans (odds ratio, OR 6.44; 95% confidence interval
AA alleles – associated with infection-induced asthma
AA alleles – exhibited significantly diminished NRF2 gene expression and, consequently, an increased risk of lung cancer, especially those who had ever smoked
AA alleles – had a significantly higher risk for developing T2DM (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.26, 2.49; p = 0.011) relative to those with the CC genotype
AA alleles – strong association between wound repair and late toxicities of radiation (associated with a significantly higher risk for developing late effects in African-Americans with a trend in Caucasians)
associated with oral estrogen therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism in postmenopausal women
rs6726395 (I’m AG)
A allele – protected from FEV1 decline (forced expiratory volume in one second) in relation to cigarette smoking status (p = 0.004)
A allele – associated with significantly reduced FEV1 in Japanese smokers with lung cancer
GG alleles – had higher NRF2 levels and decreased risk of macular degeneration
GG alleles – had higher survival with Cholangiocarcinoma
rs7557529 (I’m CT)
C allele – associated with Parkinson’s Disease
Oxidative stress and other stressors can cause cell damage which may eventually lead to a variety of health issues. Research studies have demonstrated that Nrf2 activation can promote the human body’s protective antioxidant mechanism, however, researchers have discussed that Nrf2 overexpression can have tremendous risks towards overall health and wellness. Various types of cancer can also occur with Nrf2 overactivation.
Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insight
Sulforaphane and Its Effects on Cancer, Mortality, Aging, Brain and Behavior, Heart Disease & More
Isothiocyanates are some of the most important plant compounds you can get in your diet. In this video I make the most comprehensive case for them that has ever been made. Short attention span? Skip to your favorite topic by clicking one of the time points below. Full timeline below.
Key sections:
00:01:14 – Cancer and mortality
00:19:04 – Aging
00:26:30 – Brain and behavior
00:38:06 – Final recap
00:40:27 – Dose
Full timeline:
00:00:34 – Introduction of sulforaphane, a major focus of the video.
00:01:14 – Cruciferous vegetable consumption and reductions in all-cause mortality.
00:02:12 – Prostate cancer risk.
00:02:23 – Bladder cancer risk.
00:02:34 – Lung cancer in smokers risk.
00:02:48 – Breast cancer risk.
00:03:13 – Hypothetical: what if you already have cancer? (interventional)
00:03:35 – Plausible mechanism driving the cancer and mortality associative data.
00:04:38 – Sulforaphane and cancer.
00:05:32 – Animal evidence showing strong effect of broccoli sprout extract on bladder tumor development in rats.
00:06:06 – Effect of direct supplementation of sulforaphane in prostate cancer patients.
00:07:09 – Bioaccumulation of isothiocyanate metabolites in actual breast tissue.
00:08:32 – Inhibition of breast cancer stem cells.
00:08:53 – History lesson: brassicas were established as having health properties even in ancient Rome.
00:09:16 – Sulforaphane’s ability to enhance carcinogen excretion (benzene, acrolein).
00:09:51 – NRF2 as a genetic switch via antioxidant response elements.
00:10:10 – How NRF2 activation enhances carcinogen excretion via glutathione-S-conjugates.
00:10:34 – Brussels sprouts increase glutathione-S-transferase and reduce DNA damage.
00:11:20 – Broccoli sprout drink increases benzene excretion by 61%.
00:13:31 – Broccoli sprout homogenate increases antioxidant enzymes in the upper airway.
00:15:45 – Cruciferous vegetable consumption and heart disease mortality.
00:16:55 – Broccoli sprout powder improves blood lipids and overall heart disease risk in type 2 diabetics.
00:19:04 – Beginning of aging section.
00:19:21 – Sulforaphane-enriched diet enhances lifespan of beetles from 15 to 30% (in certain conditions).
00:20:34 – Importance of low inflammation for longevity.
00:22:05 – Cruciferous vegetables and broccoli sprout powder seem to reduce a wide variety of inflammatory markers in humans.
00:36:32 – Sulforaphane improves learning in model of type II diabetes in mice.
00:37:19 – Sulforaphane and duchenne muscular dystrophy.
00:37:44 – Myostatin inhibition in muscle satellite cells (in vitro).
00:38:06 – Late-video recap: mortality and cancer, DNA damage, oxidative stress and inflammation, benzene excretion, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, effects on the brain (depression, autism, schizophrenia, neurodegeneration), NRF2 pathway.
00:40:27 – Thoughts on figuring out a dose of broccoli sprouts or sulforaphane.
00:41:01 – Anecdotes on sprouting at home.
00:43:14 – On cooking temperatures and sulforaphane activity.
00:43:45 – Gut bacteria conversion of sulforaphane from glucoraphanin.
00:44:24 – Supplements work better when combined with active myrosinase from vegetables.
00:44:56 – Cooking techniques and cruciferous vegetables.
00:46:06 – Isothiocyanates as goitrogens.
According to research studies, Nrf2, is a fundamental transcription factor which activates the cells’ protective antioxidant mechanisms to detoxify the human body. The overexpression of Nrf2, however, can cause health issues. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal health issues. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topic Discussion:�Acute Back Pain
Back pain�is one of the most prevalent causes of disability and missed days at work worldwide. Back pain attributes to the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles, among other soft tissues. Injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as�herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief.
Many current research studies on cancer have allowed health professionals to understand the way the body detoxes. By analyzing upregulated genes in tumorous cells, researchers discovered the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway, best known as Nrf2. NRF2 is an important transcription factor which activates the human body’s protective antioxidant mechanisms in order to regulate oxidation from both external and internal factors to prevent increased levels of oxidative stress.
Principles of Nrf2
NRF2 is essential towards maintaining overall health and wellness because it�serves the primary purpose of regulating how we manage everything we’re exposed to on a daily basis and not become sick. NRF2 activation plays a role in the phase II detoxification system.�Phase II detoxification takes lipophilic, or�fat soluble, free radicals and converts them into hydrophilic, or water soluble,�substances for excretion while inactivating exceptionally reactive metabolites and chemicals as a consequence of phase I.
NRF2 activation reduces overall oxidation and inflammation of the human body through a hormetic effect. To trigger NRF2, an inflammatory reaction due to oxidation must occur in order for the cells to produce an adaptive response and create antioxidants, such as glutathione. To break down the principle of Nrf2, essentially, oxidative stress activates NRF2 which then activates an antioxidant response in the human body. NRF2 functions to balance redox signaling, or the equilibrium of oxidant and antioxidant levels in the cell.
A great illustration of how this process functions can be demonstrated with exercise. Through every workout, the muscle adapts so that it can accommodate another workout session. If NRF2 becomes under- or over-expressed due to chronic infections or increased exposure to toxins, which may be observed in patients who have chronic inflammatory response syndrome, or CIRS, the health issues may worsen�following NRF2 activation. Above all, if DJ-1 becomes over-oxidized, NRF2 activation will end�too quickly.
Effects of NRF2 Activation
NRF2 activation is highly expressed in the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, or NRF2, most commonly functions by counteracting increased levels of oxidation in the human body which can lead to oxidative stress. Nrf2 activation can help treat a variety of health issues, however, over-activation of Nrf2 may worsen various problems, which are demonstrated below.
Periodic activation of Nrf2 can help:
Aging (ie Longevity)
Autoimmunity and Overall Inflammation (ie Arthritis, Autism)
Cancer and Chemoprotection (ie EMF Exposure)
Depression and Anxiety (ie PTSD)
Drug Exposure (Alcohol, NSAIDs )
Exercise and Endurance Performance
Gut Disease (ie SIBO, Dysbiosis, Ulcerative Colitis)
Cancer (ie Brain, Breast, Head, Neck Pancreatic, Prostate, Liver, Thyroid)
Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS)
Heart Transplant (while open NRF2 may be bad, NRF2 can help with repair)
Hepatitis C
Nephritis (severe cases)
Vitiligo
Furthermore, NRF2 can help make specific nutritional supplements, drugs,�and medications work. Many natural�supplements can also help trigger NRF2. Through current research studies, researchers have demonstrated that a large number of compounds which were once believed to be antioxidants were really pro-oxidants. That’s because nearly all of them need NRF2 to function, even supplements like curcumin and fish oil. Cocoa, for example, was shown to generate antioxidant effects in mice which possess the NRF2 gene.
Ways To Activate NRF2
In the case of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke or even autoimmune diseases, it’s probably best to have Nrf2 upregulated, but in a hormetic fashion. Mixing NRF2 activators may also have an additive or synergistic effect, as occasionally it can be dose-dependent. The top ways to increase Nrf2 expression are listed below:
HIST (Exercise) + CoQ10 + Sun (these synergize very well)
Broccoli Sprouts + LLLT on my head and gut
Butyrate + Super Coffee + Morning Sun
Acupuncture (this is an alternative method, laser acupuncture may also be used)
Fasting
Cannabidiol (CBD)
Lion’s Mane + Melatonin
Alpha-lipoic acid + DIM
Wormwood
PPAR-gamma Activation
The following comprehensive listing containing over 350 other ways to activate Nrf2 through diet, lifestyle and devices, probiotics, supplements, herbs and oils, hormones and neurotransmitters, drugs/medications and chemicals, pathways/transcription factors, as well as other ways, is only a brief guide as to what can trigger Nrf2. For the sake of brevity in this article, we have left out over 500 other foods, nutritional supplements and compounds which can help activate Nrf2. The following are listed below:
Diet:
Acai Berries
Alcohol (Red wine is better, especially if there is a cork in it, as protocatechuic aldehyde from corks can also activate NRF2. In general, alcohol is not recommended, although acute intake increases NRF2. Chronic intake may decrease NRF2.
Algae (kelp)
Apples
Black Tea
Brazil Nuts
Broccoli Sprouts (and other isothiocyanates, sulforaphane as well as cruciferous vegetables like bok choy that have D3T)
Blueberries (0.6-10 g/day)
Carrots (falcarinone)
Cayenne Pepper (Capsaicin)
Celery (Butylphthalide)
Chaga (Betulin)
Chamomile Tea
Chia
Chinese Potato
Chokeberries (Aronia)
Chocolate (Dark or Cocoa)
Cinnamon
Coffee (such as chlorogenic acid, Cafestol and Kahweol)
Cordyceps
Fish (and Shellfish)
Flaxseed
Garlic
Ghee (possibly)
Ginger (and Cardamonin)
Gojiberries
Grapefruit (Naringenin – 50 mg/kg/d naringenin)
Grapes
Green Tea
Guava
Heart Of Palm
Hijiki/Wakame
Honeycomb
Kiwi
Legumes
Lion’s Mane
Mahuwa
Mangos (Mangiferin)
Mangosteen
Milk (goat, cow – via regulation of microbiome)
Mulberries
Olive Oil (pomace – hydroxytyrosol and Oleanolic Acid)
Omega 6 Fatty Acids (Lipoxin A4)
Osange Oranges (Morin)
Oyster Mushrooms
Papaya
Peanuts
Pigeon Peas
Pomegranate (Punicalagin, Ellagic Acid)
Propolis (Pinocembrin)
Purple Sweet Potatoes
Rambutan (Geraniin)
Onions
Reishi
Rhodiola Rosea (Salidroside)
Rice Bran (cycloartenyl ferulate)
Riceberry
Rooibos Tea
Rosemary
Sage
Safflower
Sesame Oil
Soy (and isoflavones, Daidzein, Genistein)
Squash
Strawberries
Tartary Buckwheat
Thyme
Tomatoes
Tonka Beans
Turmeric
Wasabi
Watermelon
Lifestyle and Devices:
Acupuncture and Electroacupuncture (via collagen cascade on ECM)
Exercise (Acute exercise like HIST or HIIT seems to be more beneficial for inducing NRF2, while longer exercise doesn�t induce NRF2, but does increase glutathione levels)
High Fat Diet (diet)
High Heat (Sauna)
Hydrogen Inhalation and Hydrogen Water
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Infrared Therapy (such as Joovv)
Intravenous Vitamin C
Ketogenic Diet
Ozone
Smoking (not recommended – acutely smoking increase NRF2, chronically smoking decreases NRF2. If you choose to smoke, Holy Basil may help protect against downregulation of NRF2)
Sun (UVB and Infrared)
Probiotics:
Bacillus subtilis (fmbJ)
Clostridium butyricum (MIYAIRI 588)
Lactobacillus brevis
Lactobacillus casei (SC4 and 114001)
Lactobacillus collinoides
Lactobacillus gasseri (OLL2809, L13-Ia, and SBT2055)
Lactobacillus helveticus (NS8)
Lactobacillus paracasei (NTU 101)
Lactobacillus plantarum (C88, CAI6, FC225, SC4)
Lactobacillus rhamnosus (GG)
Supplements, Herbs, and Oils:
Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) and Carnitine
Allicin
Alpha-lipoic acid
Amentoflavone
Andrographis paniculata
Agmatine
Apigenin
Arginine
Artichoke (Cyanropicrin)
Ashwaganda
Astragalus
Bacopa
Beefsteak (Isogemaketone)
Berberine
Beta-caryophyllene
Bidens Pilosa
Black Cumin Seed Oil (Thymoquinone)
Boswellia
Butein
Butyrate
Cannabidiol (CBD)
Carotenioids (like Beta-carotene [synergy with Lycopene – 2 � 15 mg/d lycopene], Fucoxanthin, Zeaxanthin, Astaxanthin, and Lutein)
Chitrak
Chlorella
Chlorophyll
Chrysanthemum zawadskii
Cinnamomea
Common Sundew
Copper
Coptis
CoQ10
Curcumin
Damiana
Dan Shen/Red Sage (Miltirone)
DIM
Dioscin
Dong Ling Cao
Dong Quai (female ginseng)
Ecklonia Cava
EGCG
Elecampane / Inula
Eucommia Bark
Ferulic Acid
Fisetin
Fish Oil (DHA/EPA – 3 � 1 g/d fish oil containing 1098 mg EPA and 549 mg DHA)
Galangal
Gastrodin (Tian Ma)
Gentiana
Geranium
Ginkgo Biloba (Ginkgolide B)
Glasswort
Gotu Kola
Grape Seed Extract
Hairy Agrimony
Haritaki (Triphala)
Hawthorn
Helichrysum
Henna (Juglone)
Hibiscus
Higenamine
Holy Basil/Tulsi (Ursolic Acid)
Hops
Horny Goat Weed (Icariin/Icariside)
Indigo Naturalis
Iron (not recommended unless essential)
I3C
Job’s Tears
Moringa Oleifera (such as Kaempferol)
Inchinkoto (combo of Zhi Zi and Wormwood)
Kudzu Root
Licorice Root
Lindera Root
Luteolin (high doses for activation, lower doses inhibit NRF2 in cancer though)
Magnolia
Manjistha
Maximowiczianum (Acerogenin A)
Mexican Arnica
Milk Thistle
MitoQ
Mu Xiang
Mucuna Pruriens
Nicotinamide and NAD+
Panax Ginseng
Passionflower (such as Chrysin, but chyrisin may also reduce NRF2 via dysregulation of PI3K/Akt signaling)
Resveratrol (Piceid and other phytoestrogens essentially, Knotweed)
Rose Hips
Rosewood
Rutin
Sappanwood
Sarsaparilla
Saururus chinensis
SC-E1 (Gypsum, Jasmine, Licorice, Kudzu, and Balloon Flower)
Schisandra
Self Heal (prunella)
Skullcap (Baicalin and Wogonin)
Sheep Sorrel
Si Wu Tang
Sideritis
Spikenard (Aralia)
Spirulina
St. John’s Wort
Sulforaphane
Sutherlandia
Tao Hong Si Wu
Taurine
Thunder God Vine (Triptolide)
Tocopherols (such as Vitamin E or Linalool)
Tribulus R
Tu Si Zi
TUDCA
Vitamin A (although other retinoids inhibit NRF2)
Vitamin C (high dose only, low dose does inhibit�NRF2)
Vitex/Chaste Tree
White Peony (Paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactiflora)
Wormwood (Hispidulin and Artemisinin)
Xiao Yao Wan (Free and Easy Wanderer)
Yerba Santa (Eriodictyol)
Yuan Zhi (Tenuigenin)
Zi Cao (will reduce NRF2 in cancer)
Zinc
Ziziphus Jujube
Hormones and Neurotransmitters:
Adiponectin
Adropin
Estrogen (but may decrease NRF2 in breast tissue)
Melatonin
Progesterone
Quinolinic Acid (in protective response to prevent excitotoxicity)
Serotonin
Thyroid Hormones like T3 (can increase NRF2 in healthy cells, but decrease it in cancer)
Vitamin D
Drugs/Medications and Chemicals:
Acetaminophen
Acetazolamide
Amlodipine
Auranofin
Bardoxolone methyl (BARD)
Benznidazole
BHA
CDDO-imidazolide
Ceftriaxone (and beta-lactam antibiotics)
Cialis
Dexamethasone
Diprivan (Propofol)
Eriodictyol
Exendin-4
Ezetimibe
Fluoride
Fumarate
HNE (oxidized)
Idazoxan
Inorganic arsenic and sodium arsenite
JQ1 (may inhibit NRF2 as well, unknown)
Letairis
Melphalan
Methazolamide
Methylene Blue
Nifedipine
NSAIDs
Oltipraz
PPIs (such as Omeprazole and Lansoprazole)
Protandim – great results in vivo, but weak/non-existent at activating NRF2 in humans
Probucol
Rapamycin
Reserpine
Ruthenium
Sitaxentan
Statins (such as Lipitor and Simvastatin)
Tamoxifen
Tang Luo Ning
tBHQ
Tecfidera (Dimethyl fumarate)
THC (not as strong as CBD)
Theophylline
Umbelliferone
Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA)
Verapamil
Viagra
4-Acetoxyphenol
Pathways/Transcription Factors:
?7 nAChR activation
AMPK
Bilirubin
CDK20
CKIP-1
CYP2E1
EAATs
Gankyrin
Gremlin
GJA1
H-ferritin ferroxidase
HDAC inhibitors (such as valproic acid and TSA, but can cause NRF2 instability)
Heat Shock Proteins
IL-17
IL-22
Klotho
let-7 (knocks down mBach1 RNA)
MAPK
Michael acceptors (most)
miR-141
miR-153
miR-155 (knocks down mBach1 RNA as well)
miR-7 (in brain, helps with cancer and schizophrenia)
Notch1
Oxidatives stress (such as ROS, RNS, H2O2) and Electrophiles
PGC-1?
PKC-delta
PPAR-gamma (synergistic effects)
Sigma-1 receptor inhibition
SIRT1 (increases NRF2 in the brain and lungs but may decrease it overall)
SIRT2
SIRT6 (in the liver and brain)
SRXN1
TrxR1 inhibition (attenuation or depletion as well)
Zinc protoporphyrin
4-HHE
Other:
Ankaflavin
Asbestos
Avicins
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (used in agriculture)
Carbon Monoxide
Daphnetin
Glutathione Depletion (depletion of 80%�90% possibly)
Gymnaster koraiensis
Hepatitis C
Herpes (HSV)
Indian ash tree
Indigowoad Root
Isosalipurposide
Isorhamentin
Monascin
Omaveloxolone (strong, aka RTA-408)
PDTC
Selenium Deficiency (selenium deficiency can increase NRF2)
Siberian Larch
Sophoraflavanone G
Tadehagi triquetrum
Toona sinensis (7-DGD)
Trumpet Flower
63171 and 63179 (strong)
The nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway, best known by the acronym Nrf2, is a transcription factor which plays the major role of regulating the protective antioxidant mechanisms of the human body, particularly in order to control oxidative stress. While increased levels of oxidative stress can activate Nrf2, its effects are tremendously enhanced through the presence of specific compounds. Certain foods and supplements help activate Nrf2 in the human body, including the isothiocyanate sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts. Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insight
Sulforaphane and Its Effects on Cancer, Mortality, Aging, Brain and Behavior, Heart Disease & More
Isothiocyanates are some of the most important plant compounds you can get in your diet. In this video I make the most comprehensive case for them that has ever been made. Short attention span? Skip to your favorite topic by clicking one of the time points below. Full timeline below.
Key sections:
00:01:14 – Cancer and mortality
00:19:04 – Aging
00:26:30 – Brain and behavior
00:38:06 – Final recap
00:40:27 – Dose
Full timeline:
00:00:34 – Introduction of sulforaphane, a major focus of the video.
00:01:14 – Cruciferous vegetable consumption and reductions in all-cause mortality.
00:02:12 – Prostate cancer risk.
00:02:23 – Bladder cancer risk.
00:02:34 – Lung cancer in smokers risk.
00:02:48 – Breast cancer risk.
00:03:13 – Hypothetical: what if you already have cancer? (interventional)
00:03:35 – Plausible mechanism driving the cancer and mortality associative data.
00:04:38 – Sulforaphane and cancer.
00:05:32 – Animal evidence showing strong effect of broccoli sprout extract on bladder tumor development in rats.
00:06:06 – Effect of direct supplementation of sulforaphane in prostate cancer patients.
00:07:09 – Bioaccumulation of isothiocyanate metabolites in actual breast tissue.
00:08:32 – Inhibition of breast cancer stem cells.
00:08:53 – History lesson: brassicas were established as having health properties even in ancient Rome.
00:09:16 – Sulforaphane’s ability to enhance carcinogen excretion (benzene, acrolein).
00:09:51 – NRF2 as a genetic switch via antioxidant response elements.
00:10:10 – How NRF2 activation enhances carcinogen excretion via glutathione-S-conjugates.
00:10:34 – Brussels sprouts increase glutathione-S-transferase and reduce DNA damage.
00:11:20 – Broccoli sprout drink increases benzene excretion by 61%.
00:13:31 – Broccoli sprout homogenate increases antioxidant enzymes in the upper airway.
00:15:45 – Cruciferous vegetable consumption and heart disease mortality.
00:16:55 – Broccoli sprout powder improves blood lipids and overall heart disease risk in type 2 diabetics.
00:19:04 – Beginning of aging section.
00:19:21 – Sulforaphane-enriched diet enhances lifespan of beetles from 15 to 30% (in certain conditions).
00:20:34 – Importance of low inflammation for longevity.
00:22:05 – Cruciferous vegetables and broccoli sprout powder seem to reduce a wide variety of inflammatory markers in humans.
00:36:32 – Sulforaphane improves learning in model of type II diabetes in mice.
00:37:19 – Sulforaphane and duchenne muscular dystrophy.
00:37:44 – Myostatin inhibition in muscle satellite cells (in vitro).
00:38:06 – Late-video recap: mortality and cancer, DNA damage, oxidative stress and inflammation, benzene excretion, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, effects on the brain (depression, autism, schizophrenia, neurodegeneration), NRF2 pathway.
00:40:27 – Thoughts on figuring out a dose of broccoli sprouts or sulforaphane.
00:41:01 – Anecdotes on sprouting at home.
00:43:14 – On cooking temperatures and sulforaphane activity.
00:43:45 – Gut bacteria conversion of sulforaphane from glucoraphanin.
00:44:24 – Supplements work better when combined with active myrosinase from vegetables.
00:44:56 – Cooking techniques and cruciferous vegetables.
00:46:06 – Isothiocyanates as goitrogens.
According to many current research studies, the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway, best known as Nrf2, is a fundamental transcription factor which activates the cells’ protective antioxidant mechanisms to detoxify the human body from both external and internal factors and prevent increased levels of oxidative stress. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal health issues. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topic Discussion:�Acute Back Pain
Back pain�is one of the most prevalent causes of disability and missed days at work worldwide. Back pain attributes to the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles, among other soft tissues. Injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as�herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief. �
Oxidative stress is a major contributor in the development of a variety of health issues, including cancer, heart disease, diabetes, accelerated aging and neurodegeneration. Antioxidant rich foods, herbs and supplements can be utilized to protect the human body from high levels of oxidative stress. Recent research studies have demonstrated that the Nrf2 gene pathway can help amplify the effects of antioxidants. The benefits of Nrf2 are described below.
Protects the Body Against Toxins
NRF2 is an intrinsic substance which can protect the cells from harmful, internal and external compounds. NRF2 may help enrich the human body’s reaction to drugs/medications and toxins, improving the production of�proteins that help eliminate compounds from the cell, known as multidrug resistance-associated proteins, or MRPs.�By way of instance, NRF2 is triggered upon cigarette smoke inhalation to allow the lungs to detox.
Additionally, it is essential for the lungs to protect themselves against allergens, viral diseases, bacterial endotoxins, hyperoxia, and various environmental pollutants. The constant trigger of Nrf2 however, can decrease the levels of a substance known as glutathione throughout the human body. NRF2 may also protect the liver from toxicity and it can protect the liver from arsenic hepatotoxicity. Moreover, NRF2 protects the liver and brain from alcohol consumption. By way of instance, Nrf2 can protect�against acetaminophen toxicity.
Fights Inflammation And Oxidative Stress
NRF2 activation can help battle against inflammation by diminishing inflammatory cytokines, such as those present in psoriasis. NRF2 may also decrease inflammation associated with a variety of health issues like arthritis and fibrosis of the liver, kidney, and lungs. NRF2 may also help control allergies by lowering Th1/Th17 cytokines and raising TH2 cytokines. This can be beneficial for ailments like asthma.
NRF2 additionally protects against cellular damage from blue light�and from UVA/UVB� found in sunlight. Nrf2 deficiencies can make it a whole lot easier to get sunburnt. One rationale behind this is because NRF2 is capable of regulating collagen in response to UV radiation. Advanced Glycation End-Products, or AGEs, contribute to the development of many health issues, including diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. NRF2 can decrease the oxidative stress of AGEs within the body. NRF2 may also protect the human body from higher levels of heat-based stress.
Enhances Mitochondria And Exercise Performance
NRF2 is a mitochondrial booster. NRF2 activation contributes to a rise in ATP energy for mitochondria, in addition to enhanced use of oxygen, or citrate, and fat. With no NRF2, mitochondria would just have the ability to function with sugar, or glucose, rather than fat. NRF2 is also essential for mitochondria to develop through a process known as biogenesis. NRF2 activation is vital in order to�take advantage of� the benefits of exercise.
Because of�Nrf2’s activity, exercise raises mitochondrial function, where this result may be amplified with CoQ10, Cordyceps, and Caloric Restriction. Moderate exercise or acute exercise induces mitochondrial biogenesis and an elevated synthesis of superoxide dismutase, or SOD, and heme-oxygenase-1, or HO-1, through NRF2 activation. Alpha-Lipoic Acid,�or ALA, and Dan Shen can boost NRF2 mediated mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore,�NRF2 can also improve exercise tolerance where NRF2 deletion makes exercise harmful.
Protects Against Hypoxia
NRF2 also helps protect the human body from cellular oxygen loss/depletion, a health issue called hypoxia. Individuals with CIRS have reduced levels of oxygen since their NRF2 is obstructed, resulting in reduced levels of both VEGF, HIF1, and HO-1. Ordinarily, in healthy individuals with hypoxia, miR-101, which is required for the creation of stem cells, are overexpressed and enhance amounts of NRF2/HO-1 and VEGF/eNOS, therefore preventing brain damage, but that does not appear to occur in CIRS.
Hypoxia, characterized by low HIF1, in CIRS can also result in a leaky blood brain barrier due to an NRF2 imbalance. Salidroside, located in the Rhodiola, functions on NRF2 activation and assists with hypoxia by increasing levels of VEGF and HIF1 within the human body. NRF2 can also ultimately protect against lactate buildup in the heart. NRF2 activation may also stop hypoxia-induced Altitude Motion Sickness, or AMS.
Slows Down Aging
Several compounds which may be fatal in massive quantities may increase longevity in rather tiny quantities due to xenohormesis through NRF2, PPAR-gamma, and FOXO. A�very small quantity of toxins raises the cell’s ability to become better equipped for the next time it’s challenged with a toxin, however, this is not an endorsement to consume poisonous�chemicals.
A good illustration of this process is with caloric restriction. NRF2 can improve the lifespan of cells by raising their levels of mitochondria and antioxidants as well as lowering the cells’ capability to die. NRF2 declines with aging because NRF2 prevents stem cells from dying and assists them to�regenerate. NRF2 plays a part in enhancing wound healing.
Boosts the Vascular System
Done correctly with the production of sulforaphane, NRF2 activation may protect against heart diseases like high blood pressure, or hypertension, and hardening of the arteries, or atherosclerosis. NRF2 can enhance Acetylcholine’s, or ACh, relaxing activity on the vascular system whilst reducing cholesterol-induced stress. Nrf2 activation may strengthen the heart, however, over-activated Nrf2 can raise the probability of cardiovascular disease.
Statins may prevent or lead to cardiovascular disease. NRF2 also plays a major part in balancing iron and calcium which may shield the human body from having elevated levels of iron. By way of instance, Sirtuin 2, or SIRT2, can regulate iron homeostasis in cells by activation of NRF2 which is believed to be required for healthy levels of iron. NRF2 can also help with Sickle Cell Disease, or SCD. NRF2 dysfunction might be a reason behind endotoxemia like with dysbiosis or lectins induced hypertension. Nrf2 may also protect the human body against amphetamine induced damage to the vascular system.
Fights Neuroinflammation
NRF2 can shield against and assist with inflammation of the brain, commonly referred to as neuroinflammation. Furthermore, NRF2 can help with an Assortment of Central Nervous System, or CNS, disorders, including:
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) – reduces amyloid beta stress on mitochondria
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Huntington’s Disease (HD)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Nerve Regeneration
Parkinson’s disease (PD) – protects dopamine
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
Stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic) – aids hypoxia
Traumatic Brain Injury
NRF2 has revealed a decrease of neuroinflammation in teens with Autism Spectrum Disorders�or ASD. Idebenone pairs properly with NRF2 activators contrary to neuroinflammation. NRF2 may also improve the Blood Brain Barrier,�or BBB. By way of instance, NRF2 activation with carnosic acid obtained from rosemary and sage can cross the BBB and cause neurogenesis. NRF2 has also been demonstrated to raise�Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor, or BDNF.
NRF2 also modulates some nutritional supplements capacity to cause Nerve Growth Factor, or NGF as it� can also aid with brain fog and glutamate-induced issues by modulating N-Methyl-D-Aspartate,�or NMDA receptors. It may also lower the oxidative stress from quinolinic acid, referred to as QUIN. NRF2 activation can protect against seizures and large doses can decrease the brink of a seizure. At regular doses of stimulation, NRF2 can enhance cognitive abilities following a seizure by lowering extracellular glutamate in the brain and by it’s ability to draw cysteine from glutamate and glutathione.
Relieves Depression
In depression, it’s normal to notice inflammation in the brain, especially from the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, as well as decreased BDNF. In some versions of depression, NRF2 can improve depressive symptoms by lowering inflammation within the brain and increasing BDNF levels. Agmatine’s capability to decrease depression by raising noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin, and BDNF in the hippocampus depends upon NRF2 activation.
Contains Anti-Cancer Properties
NRF2 is equally a tumor suppressor as it is a tumor promoter if not managed accordingly. NRF2 can protect against cancer caused by free radicals and oxidative stress, however, NRF2 overexpression can be found in cancer cells as well. Intense activation of NRF2 can assist with a variety of cancers. By way of instance, the supplement Protandim can reduce skin cancer by NRF2 activation.
Relieves Pain
Gulf War Illness, or GWI, a notable illness affecting Gulf War Veterans, is a collection of unexplained, chronic symptoms which may include tiredness, headaches, joint pain, indigestion, insomnia, dizziness, respiratory ailments, and memory issues. NRF2 can improve symptoms of GWI by diminishing hippocampal and general inflammation, in addition to decreasing pain. NRF2 can additionally assist with pain from bodily nerve injury and improve nerve damage from diabetic neuropathy.
Improves Diabetes
High glucose levels, best referred to as hyperglycemia, causes oxidative damage to the cells due to the disruption of mitochondrial function. NRF2 activation may shield the human body against hyperglycemia’s harm to the cell, thereby preventing cell death. NRF2 activation can additionally protect, restore, and enhance pancreatic beta-cell function, while reducing insulin resistance.
Protects Vision And Hearing
NRF2 can protect against harm to the eye from diabetic retinopathy. It might also avoid the formation of cataracts and protect photoreceptors contrary to light-induced death. NRF2 additionally shield the ear, or cochlea, from stress and hearing loss.
Might Help Obesity
NRF2 may help with obesity primarily due to its capacity to regulate variables that operate on fat accumulation in the human body. NRF2 activation with sulforaphane can raise inhibit of Fatty Acid Synthesis, or FAS, and Uncoupling Proteins, or UCP, resulting in less fat accumulation and more brown fat, characterized as fat which includes more mitochondria.
Protects The Gut
NRF2 helps protect the gut by safeguarding the intestine microbiome homeostasis. By way of instance, lactobacillus probiotics will trigger NRF2 to guard the gut from oxidative stress. NRF2 can also help prevent Ulcerative Colitis, or UC.
Protects Sex Organs
NRF2 can shield the testicles and keep sperm count from harm in people with diabetes. It can also assist with Erectile Dysfunction, or ED. Some libido boosting supplements like Mucuna, Tribulus, and Ashwaganda�may enhance�sexual function via NRF2 activation. Other factors that boost NRF2, such as sunlight or broccoli sprouts, can also help improve libido.
Regulates Bones And Muscles
Oxidative stress may result in bone density and strength reduction, which is normal in osteoporosis. NRF2 activation could have the ability to improve antioxidants in bones and protect against bone aging. NRF2 can also prevent muscle loss and enhance Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, or DMD.
Contains Anti-Viral Properties
Last but not least, NRF2 activation can ultimately help defend the human body against several viruses. In patients with the dengue virus, symptoms were not as intense in individuals who had greater levels of NRF2 compared to individuals who had less degrees of NRF2. NRF2 can also help people who have Human Immunodeficiency-1 Virus,�or HIV. NRF2 can protect against the oxidative stress from Adeno-Associated Virus,�or AAV, and H. Pylori. Finally, Lindera Root may suppress Hepatitis C virus with NRF2 activation.
Nrf2, or NF-E2-related factor 2, is a transcription factor found in humans which regulates the expression of a specific set of antioxidant and detoxifying genes. This signaling pathway is activated due to oxidative stress as it enhances numerous antioxidant and phase II liver detoxification enzymes to restore homeostasis in the human body. Humans are adapted to function throughout a state of homeostasis or balance. When the body is confronted with oxidative stress, Nrf2 activates to regulate oxidation and control the stress it causes. Nrf2 is essential to prevent health issues associated with oxidative stress. Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insight
Sulforaphane and Its Effects on Cancer, Mortality, Aging, Brain and Behavior, Heart Disease & More
Isothiocyanates are some of the most important plant compounds you can get in your diet. In this video I make the most comprehensive case for them that has ever been made. Short attention span? Skip to your favorite topic by clicking one of the time points below. Full timeline below.
Key sections:
00:01:14 – Cancer and mortality
00:19:04 – Aging
00:26:30 – Brain and behavior
00:38:06 – Final recap
00:40:27 – Dose
Full timeline:
00:00:34 – Introduction of sulforaphane, a major focus of the video.
00:01:14 – Cruciferous vegetable consumption and reductions in all-cause mortality.
00:02:12 – Prostate cancer risk.
00:02:23 – Bladder cancer risk.
00:02:34 – Lung cancer in smokers risk.
00:02:48 – Breast cancer risk.
00:03:13 – Hypothetical: what if you already have cancer? (interventional)
00:03:35 – Plausible mechanism driving the cancer and mortality associative data.
00:04:38 – Sulforaphane and cancer.
00:05:32 – Animal evidence showing strong effect of broccoli sprout extract on bladder tumor development in rats.
00:06:06 – Effect of direct supplementation of sulforaphane in prostate cancer patients.
00:07:09 – Bioaccumulation of isothiocyanate metabolites in actual breast tissue.
00:08:32 – Inhibition of breast cancer stem cells.
00:08:53 – History lesson: brassicas were established as having health properties even in ancient Rome.
00:09:16 – Sulforaphane’s ability to enhance carcinogen excretion (benzene, acrolein).
00:09:51 – NRF2 as a genetic switch via antioxidant response elements.
00:10:10 – How NRF2 activation enhances carcinogen excretion via glutathione-S-conjugates.
00:10:34 – Brussels sprouts increase glutathione-S-transferase and reduce DNA damage.
00:11:20 – Broccoli sprout drink increases benzene excretion by 61%.
00:13:31 – Broccoli sprout homogenate increases antioxidant enzymes in the upper airway.
00:15:45 – Cruciferous vegetable consumption and heart disease mortality.
00:16:55 – Broccoli sprout powder improves blood lipids and overall heart disease risk in type 2 diabetics.
00:19:04 – Beginning of aging section.
00:19:21 – Sulforaphane-enriched diet enhances lifespan of beetles from 15 to 30% (in certain conditions).
00:20:34 – Importance of low inflammation for longevity.
00:22:05 – Cruciferous vegetables and broccoli sprout powder seem to reduce a wide variety of inflammatory markers in humans.
00:36:32 – Sulforaphane improves learning in model of type II diabetes in mice.
00:37:19 – Sulforaphane and duchenne muscular dystrophy.
00:37:44 – Myostatin inhibition in muscle satellite cells (in vitro).
00:38:06 – Late-video recap: mortality and cancer, DNA damage, oxidative stress and inflammation, benzene excretion, cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, effects on the brain (depression, autism, schizophrenia, neurodegeneration), NRF2 pathway.
00:40:27 – Thoughts on figuring out a dose of broccoli sprouts or sulforaphane.
00:41:01 – Anecdotes on sprouting at home.
00:43:14 – On cooking temperatures and sulforaphane activity.
00:43:45 – Gut bacteria conversion of sulforaphane from glucoraphanin.
00:44:24 – Supplements work better when combined with active myrosinase from vegetables.
00:44:56 – Cooking techniques and cruciferous vegetables.
00:46:06 – Isothiocyanates as goitrogens.
When the human body is confronted with harmful internal and external factors like toxins, the cells must rapidly trigger their antioxidant abilities to counteract oxidative stress. Because increased levels of oxidative stress have been determined to cause a variety of health issues, it’s important to use Nrf2 activation to take advantage of its benefits. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic and spinal health issues. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topic Discussion:�Acute Back Pain
Back pain�is one of the most prevalent causes of disability and missed days at work worldwide. Back pain attributes to the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles, among other soft tissues. Because of this, injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as�herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief. �
For people struggling to control their blood glucose levels, the most common concern is, how can you regulate blood sugar levels? Maintaining healthy blood sugar levels can be complicated and unyielding. Along with food and beverages, our blood sugar levels fluctuate in response to a huge variety of unique factors. Exercise, psychological stress, the previous night’s rest, and genetics all play a role in the human body’s effort to closely regulate the degree of glucose circulating in the blood. Additionally, no matter whether or not somebody has a blood glucose dysregulation problem or full-blown diabetes, that morning meal we call breakfast actually sets the stage for your day.
What is often known as the “Dawn Phenomenon” occurs between 4:00 AM to 8:00 AM when the human body produces sufficient amounts of glucagon, cortisol and epinephrine to boost blood glucose as a natural procedure before waking up in the morning. And science supports those people who prefer to eat a hearty breakfast as soon as they wake up. One study that monitored the sugar profiles of healthy people during the day saw that the largest increase in blood glucose occurs right after breakfast. Just about every nutritionist, dietitian and endocrinologist recommends eating a high-protein breakfast so as to restrain the naturally-occurring spike in sugar during the daytime. As mentioned previously, these meals, as well as other variables, will dictate the difference in blood glucose levels throughout the day, which directly impacts the way the human body works and an individual’s overall awareness of their health and wellness.
When Maintaining Healthy Blood Sugar Levels is Difficult
A consistently higher blood sugar level has a deleterious impact on organ function. Risks for diabetes, further heart disease, stroke, kidney disorders, vision impairment and cardiovascular issues that can result in infections and amputation of recurrence increase when blood sugar is uncontrolled. Intense oscillations in blood sugar may stem from many hormonal imbalances, specifically where there is a lack of insulin manufacturing, as in the case of type I diabetes, or an inability to use insulin correctly, commonly referred to as insulin resistance. Either type of diabetes is recognized and monitored with many evaluations, but the most prevalent one is the HbA1C. As a mark of longer-term glucose levels, the HbA1C suggests the average proportion of the particular hemoglobin subtype A1C that has glucose bound to it, glycated or glycosylated, producing a glycoprotein. Since hemoglobin cells normally die off after 120 days, this process firmly reflects the typical plasma glucose level over in the past 90 days. This diagnostic tool proves more helpful than a diagram of blood sugar, which shows great vacillations through the day. Individuals with diabetes or more lengths of hyperglycemia, as noticed in patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, have increased HbA1C levels. It’s projected that in 2015 over 7 million cases of diabetes and insulin resistance went undiagnosed. The famed incidence of those conditions is alarming as the trend is nearing 10 percent of the populace.
Regulating Blood Glucose Levels with Nutrition
Though genetics�are not something people can control, nutrition, diet and other lifestyle variables are within your reach. Eating a balanced diet of low-glycemic, high fiber, and also low-saturated fat meals is recommended for individuals with glycemic control health issues. Combining foods which contain all three macronutrients, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, can also be valuable in regulating blood glucose levels. This list of foods provides a wonderful start to a healthy diet and a platform for preventing those wild swings in sugar throughout the day:
All colors and varieties of fresh fruits and vegetables
Legumes, such as kidney beans, black beans, chickpeas, and lentils
Whole grains, such as brown rice, quinoa, barley, and millet
Olive oil
Tomatoes
Fermented, organic and raw dairy
Cold-water wild fish, such as salmon, mackerel and sardines
Tempeh, tofu and natto
Cage-free, organic eggs
Green and black tea
Supplemental nutrients and botanicals to help encourage wholesome glucose levels and supply a hypoglycemic effect are currently being studied and comprise of:
Magnesium
Chromium, as chromium picolinate
Vanadium
Alpha lipoic acid
Gymnema sylvestre
Fenugreek
Bitter melon
Cinnamon
Berberine
Berberine functions on multiple fronts. It was found to substantially improve glucose levels by an average of 9.5 percent down to 7.5 percent, as effective as metformin from 9.15 percent down to 7.7 percent, in a research study to find out its effectiveness and safety in type 2 diabetes patients. Furthermore, it had the effect of enhancing both entire cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the evaluation and analysis.
Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Insight
Diabetes has become one of the fastest growing diseases in the United States, where it is prevalent among both children and adults. With the increase in cases each year, the numbers of individuals seeking treatment and a potential cure are also rising. Fortunately, research studies have found that maintaining healthy blood sugar levels can help stabilize a case of diabetes. Proper nutrition, as well as natural remedies and botanicals, including alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, have been determined to help regulate healthy blood glucose levels, improving an individual’s quality of life.
While there are many other ways in which healthy blood sugar levels can be achieved, recent research studies have also determined that chiropractic care may be able to control blood sugar levels, potentially regulating type 2 diabetes. According to these, the key to managing blood glucose levels can be found in the connection between the central nervous system and blood sugar levels in the human body. Chiropractic care focuses on the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations to correct spinal misalignments, or subluxations. It has been demonstrated that spinal misalignments, or subluxations, can interfere with important communications signals from the brain to the spinal chords as well as the rest of the body. By carefully restoring the natural integrity of the spine, chiropractors can help regulate healthy blood sugar levels and improve overall health and wellness.
Sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, commonly related to obesity and metabolic syndrome, can hinder good quality sleep, and also have been considered as a risk factor for diabetes. Although there isn’t any clearly defined correlation between sleep and glucose control, there are multiple pathways involved together with a cascade of metabolic functions which could result in metabolic derangements when disturbed.
To remain steady on what could be a roller coaster ride of blood sugars, a high priority should be given to a well-balanced diet plan, replete with proper nutrition and supplementation, and the close observation of lifestyle and genetic aspects. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Back Pain
Back pain is one of the most prevalent causes for disability and missed days at work worldwide. As a matter of fact, back pain has been attributed as the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience some type of back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles, among other soft tissues. Because of this, injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief.
How important is nutrition for our brain health? In the current work force, we are continuously stressed, often forced to finish tasks faster in order to meet ever so demanding deadlines. In addition, we are expected to maintain our optimal mental health, as this can be an essential�part towards delivering quality work. When our mental health is being affected by our hectic lifestyles, however, several practices which can help you start thinking more clearly can include sleeping properly, controlling stress, and even taking nutritional supplements for your brain health.
One nutritional supplement which has been widely recognized for its ability to boost brain health is curcumin, the active ingredient found in turmeric. Well-known for its antioxidant properties and its capacity to control inflammation in the human body, this powerful herb can also promote good mood and cognition. Another specific group which has reported significant benefits with the increased use of curcumin, is the elderly population. Below, we will discuss how curcumin can help boost brain health as well as demonstrate additional benefits this golden gem can have on our overall health and wellness.
Curcumin: a Golden Gem for Brain Health
In accordance with the Journal of Pharmacology, curcumin is made-up of a variety of substances which can encourage biological mechanisms that counteract age-related cognitive decline, dementia, or mood disorders. One randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analyzed the acute, of approximately 1 and 3 hours following a single dose, chronic, of approximately 4 weeks, and acute-on-chronic, of approximately 1 and 3 hours after one dose subsequently after chronic treatment, consequences of a curcumin formulation on cognitive function, mood, and blood biomarkers in 60 healthy adults ranging from the 60 to 85 years of age. After about one hour of application, the curcumin had considerably enhanced the participant’s functionality on attention and working memory tasks, in comparison with the placebo. Working memory and mood, which included general fatigue, change in calmness, contentedness and fatigue triggered by emotional strain were fundamentally improved following chronic therapy.
Curcumin boosts BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), the brain hormone which helps boost the development of new neurons that are in charge of improving memory and learning as well as supplying a substantial option for countering the aging brain. Additionally, this powerful ingredient increases blood circulation to the brain, also providing a much better attention span for greater work productivity.
Appreciating its anxiolytic effects can be one of the greatest benefits of carrying curcumin. According to the Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, a randomized double-blinded and double-blind trial with 60 subjects experiencing stress-related symptoms, including exhaustion, were to get routine curcumin nutritional supplements, and placebo for 30 days. The results indicated a greater quality of life, and diminished stress and fatigue for those receiving regular curcumin intakes. This progressive compound is believed to be able to help alleviate depression by altering the release of dopamine and serotonin, two powerful hormones which help keep the human mind and body at ease. Curcumin also promotes the optima health and wellness of inflammation pathways from the brain, which ultimately will help improve energy, mood, and production levels.
Curcumin may additionally promote cognition via its powerful antioxidant action which improves the bioavailability of DHA, the potent omega-3 fatty acid demonstrated to boost brain health. A research study in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry revealed that curcumin really does protect the brain from neurodegeneration. The evaluation and analysis included 40 participants ranging from the ages of 51 to 84 years of age. Each individual subject consumed 90mg of curcumin twice per day or placebo for 18 weeks. The results indicated enhanced long-term healing, visual memory, and focus. With its tremendous medicinal properties, curcumin can also support neuroplasticity, which empowers the brain to change and fortify itself even through the natural degeneration with aging.
Curcumin can also promote anti-seizure action. With its antioxidant properties, this golden gem can help slow down reactive astrocyte expression, which helps cells survive within the mind. According to the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, the antioxidant properties of curcumin helped alleviate migraines, cognitive impairment, and cognitive stress in rats. A dental pre-treatment of curcumin was given to male rats which were additionally treated together with Pentylenetrazole, or PZT, every other day. The study demonstrated that curcumin enhanced the seizure score and indicated a diminished amount of myoclonic jerks. Furthermore, the outcome measures of the research study demonstrated that curcumin restructures seizures, oxidative stress, and brain function. Moreover, it helps protect memory function which may also be jeopardized by seizure activity.
Using its capability to strengthen fatty acids in the mind, curcumin helps athletes achieve better physical performance by boosting critical thinking, improving problem solving, and developing improved choices. The neuroprotective properties in curcumin also help regenerate tissues. In reality, based on Stem Cell Research and Therapy, a research study was conducted between the effects of curcumin on endogenous stem cells which were impartial. The study demonstrated that curcumin played an essential role in the healing of cells from combating the activation of microglia cells. Scientists in the Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine in Julich, Germany, observed the effects of impartial stem cell generation. During a 72-hour period, the evaluation and analysis demonstrated and indicated that the turmeric curcumin improved cellular generation by up to 80 percent. This shows how powerful curcumin could be for successful brain health function.
Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Insight
Nutrition is a fundamental factor in overall health and wellness. In today’s stressful world, however, it can often become difficult to eat a proper meal, let alone making sure we are taking in all the necessary nutrients we require on a regular basis. That, plus the added pressure of the workforce can have detrimental effects on our brain health. Dietary supplements, such as curcumin, have been demonstrated to have tremendous benefits on brain health. Although we may not always have the “free time” to sit down and have a properly balanced meal, taking nutritional supplements like curcumin, among others, can help improve the human body’s general well-being.
While many research studies have found that natural remedies and botanicals, such as dietary supplements apart from vitamins and minerals, continue to be the most common complementary health approach in the United States today, more and more alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, have started to incorporate these into their practices. As a matter of fact, a majority of chiropractors give nutritional advice, as well as recommendations for other lifestyle recommendations, as a general part of their treatment plan. Because chiropractic care is based on the notion of naturally treating the human body as a whole, enhancing it’s own healing properties without the use of drugs and/or medications as well as other invasive procedures, this healthcare profession relies on offering the necessary health maintenance components for optimal health and wellness. These components can include nutrition, water, rest, exercise, and clean air. Many chiropractors also offer curcumin supplements to help promote recovery.
This exceptional nutritional supplement, curcumin, helps improve mental clarity, improve cognition, improve endurance, and supplies anxiolytic benefits. Whether it’s more work fabricating, or a much better disposition, curcumin is a hidden golden gem for health.�The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Back Pain
Back pain is one of the most prevalent causes for disability and missed days at work worldwide. As a matter of fact, back pain has been attributed as the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience some type of back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles, among other soft tissues. Because of this, injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief.
A majority of individuals today are aware about the gut-brain connection and how approximately 90 percent of their body’s serotonin is really generated in the gastrointestinal, or GI, tract as well as the way the gut-brain axis is associated with depression. Overall gut health involving a healthy population of gut microbiota can affect many facets of our well-being, therefore, it’s no mystery that the connection between the gut and chronic health issues, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases, are also significantly strong.
Berberine, an ancient mixture frequently utilized in a variety of medicinal herbs throughout several traditional treatments has been demonstrated to benefit as well as link the gut and the heart. Berberine is an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid found in numerous herbs. Although these berberine-containing herbs aren’t traditionally utilized in food preparations, the active ingredient has been identified and may be isolated from a variety of plant sources, such as Coptis chinensis, or Coptis or Goldthread, Hydrastis canadensis, or goldenseal, Berberis aquifolium, or Oregon grape, Berberis aristata, or Tree Turmeric, Berberis vulgaris, or Barberry, and Arcangelisia flava.
Berberine is most favorably known for its function in gut health, demonstrating activity which can help support gut microbial balance. In fact, scientists have shown a growing interest in many plant-derived compounds which affect bacterial direction and berberine is a pioneer in the group. Additionally, its a botanical proven to influence blood glucose, blood lipids and also the immune system. Researchers today have learned how berberine can provide these tremendous benefits.
Gut Health Equals Heart Health
According to evidence from a 2016 research study, the gut’s immune system is fundamental towards preventing a variety of diseases and it may often contribute to metabolic disorders. However, it might also help provide a treatment goal when observing systemic inflammation in insulin resistance. Moreover, modified gut immunity has been linked with changes to the gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function, gut-residing immune cells, and resistance to antigens which enter the gastrointestinal, or GI, system. Although this has been previously believed to raise the danger of esophageal ailments including, pathogenic infections and chronic inflammation, which may ultimately lead to chronic health issues.
In our currently hectic and stressful world, a growth in the numbers of chronic disease has begun to negatively affect our overall health health. The best instance of this increase in chronic illness is type 2 diabetes, abbreviated in this article as T2DM, which often coexists with hypertension and causes individuals to pursue nutritional advice in order to achieve healthy blood sugar levels. The information viewing T2DM alone are shocking. As of 2015, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported that over 30 million people in the United States had diabetes, where approximately three times as many had pre-diabetes. According to statistics, 70 percent of individuals with pre-diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes.
Natural remedies and botanicals utilized as herbal treatments which have been previously used to promote healthy blood sugar levels have been strongly evaluated in order to determine their safety and effectiveness. Numerous berberine research studies are being conducted, though these are mostly in vitro, or in cell cultures. A majority of in vivo research studies have used animals for the analysis. Despite the quality and size of those research studies, virtually all of the outcome measures throughout the last two decades are positive. One research study from 2012 looked at in vitro results to thoroughly assess the assumed mechanism of action by which berberine affects fat storage. The outcome measures using clinical therapeutics of berberine to observe participants with metabolic syndrome appeared promising.
Another research study evaluated and analyzed the use of berberine in human cell cultures to ascertain how it influenced preadipocyte, a precursor to fat cells, comparison and fat hormone as well as cell activity in patients with metabolic disease. The researchers demonstrated that preadipocyte differentiation was restricted by berberine, while leptin, adiponectin, PPAR?2, or the nuclear receptor known as the master regulator of fat cell biology and target of many diabetes drugs and/or medications, and C/EBP?, a protein necessary for fat cell differentiation, diminished. After several months, participants demonstrated a drop in their BMI and leptin/adiponectin ratio, showing that berberine could boost insulin sensitivity by limiting fat storage, which may also have beneficial effects in the regulation of blood lipid levels.
Concerning how berberine affects cardiovascular biomarkers, many assessments can be found in the literature. The administration of berberine in one analysis generated a substantial decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, with a marked rise in high-density lipoprotein. Furthermore, a meta-analysis of this anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory effects of berberine were reviewed in twenty-seven randomized controlled clinical trials. The researchers have concluded that berberine is safe and effective due to its support of the cardiovascular system and the maintenance of healthy blood sugar levels, without any severe adverse reactions found in some of the other research studies. Berberine has also been demonstrated to restrict complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, leading to a growth of 5′ adenosine monophosphate, or AMP and 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, or AMPK activation. This seems to have a direct impact on energy metabolism as well as that in other structures and functions.
The neurological health effects of berberine have also been considered, particularly from the modulation of the dopaminergic system. Berberine has also demonstrated a possibility in the successful management of seizures, diabetes-induced memory malfunction and hyperexcitability. One animal research study investigating obsessive-compulsive disease found that berberine can promote anti-compulsive and/or anxiolytic effects because of its ability to boost brain monoamine levels. Another review from 2016 demonstrated berberine’s ability to reduce oxidative stress and supply neuroprotective benefits. The review further cites research studies which examine the botanical’s function in the evolution of amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Berberine has found its function in the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular as well as brain worlds. Truly offering a wholesome dose of gut-heart-brain link, berberine is definitely one to consider.
Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Insight
Research studies have found that the relationship between a healthy gut, brain and heart is fundamental towards overall well-being. Natural remedies and botanicals, such as berberine, can help promote as well as support this gut-brain-heart connection, while other alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can restore balance and encourage the human body’s natural healing abilities by correcting spinal misalignments of the spine. Furthermore, by establishing the proper relationship between the brain, the spinal chord and the rest of the body, chiropractic care can help regulate the proper structure and function of each system in the human body.
With the increasing number of gut health issues, it’s become a priority to find safe and effective treatment options to properly address these common problems. More and more research studies have found a connection between the gut, brain and heart. As previously mentioned, by both supporting and promoting the well-being of the gastrointestinal, or GI, system, the structure and function of a variety of other systems can be sustained. Natural remedies and botanicals, such as berberine, have been utilized for centuries as herbal treatments, however, other alternative treatment options can also be used to help improve gut health. Chiropractic care is a well-known, alternative treatment option which has been demonstrated to help promote the natural healing of the human body through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations as well as other therapeutic techniques to correct spinal misalignments, or subluxations. Moreover, a doctor of chiropractic, or chiropractor, can recommend a series of lifestyle modifications, including exercise and nutritional advice, in order to help further improve the overall health and wellness of the human body. Maintaining the well-being of the gut can help boost brain and heart health as well.
Berberine Warnings
In large doses, berberine may lead to gastrointestinal irritation. Thus, it’s typically administered in divided doses and taken with a meal. In addition, researchers have revealed that berberine can limit particular cytochrome enzymes that also target a lot of different kinds of drugs and/or medications, including certain antibiotics. Inhibiting cytochrome enzymes influences the liver’s detoxification system, which will be required to metabolize and, finally, clear drugs and/or medications. For this reason, it’s essential to carefully monitor those patients that are using berberine if other medicines are used concomitantly. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Back Pain
Back pain is one of the most prevalent causes for disability and missed days at work worldwide. As a matter of fact, back pain has been attributed as the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience some type of back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles, among other soft tissues. Because of this, injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief.
Envision yourself waking up entirely rested, prepared to deal with any obstacle and adopt all the joys of the world with gratitude. The majority of us know what a good night’s sleep resembles, but are we really getting the proper rest we should be getting? Within this stressful universe, it’s tough to achieve the sleep schedule that our brains and bodies require to operate to its fullest potential.
Proper sleep hygiene and the application of organic herbs and botanicals can help promote a healthy amount of sleep. The outcome could result in a wide array of benefits, including an improvement in problem solving and work performance, weight management, and even promote the prevention of chronic health issues, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mood disorders like depression. You may find numerous products and information regarding how to manage proper sleep. A research study from 2016 indicated that individuals in the United States alone spent over $41 billion on sleeping treatments, where it is expected to rise up to $52 billion by the year 2020.
What Natural Remedies or Botanicals Can Help Promote Sleep?
The�German Commission E, globally recognized for its understanding information on the role of medicinal herbs, additionally recommends the frequent utilization of certain botanicals, such as valerian, lavender, lemon balm, and hops, to promote the right level of relaxation and support proper sleep. There are several other well-known options which have sedative qualities, such as passion flower, chamomile, and kava kava. Nearly all of those relaxant natural remedies and botanicals are available commonly in teas, but they are also found in supplement form. Nearly always found in specialized mixes, these herbs have various mechanisms of action, and, therefore, behave synergistically when mixed together.
Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) is a very popular floral herb utilized in fundamental oil form, teas, extracts and in other botanical combinations to promote relaxation as well as to relieve stress and anxiety. Recent research studies have identified that lavender works by antagonizing NMDA-receptors and serotonin transporters. Doses of about 80 milligrams every day of lavender from gel cap type for up to ten weeks were utilized in a research study where participants had previously been diagnosed with an unspecified type anxiety disorder. Both quality and length of sleep seemed to have been enhanced in those subjects without them experiencing the sedative side-effects as demonstrated in pharmaceutical sleep treatments. Other uses of lavender include 1 to 2 tsp in hot water as a tea every day, or its key oil diluted in a carrier oil used for massage or in a hot bath. Lavender is generally considered safe, however it’s also believed to be toxic if ingested orally in large quantities.
Hops (Humulus lupulus), aside from its frequently enjoyable pronunciation and serving as the main ingredient in a variety of beers, this is one of the herbs which is most commonly mixed in teas or supplements to achieve as well as maintain an overall calming effect. Researchers haven’t completely discovered how hops causes this effect, however, it’s been demonstrated to bind to serotonin and melatonin receptors. Valerian-hops blend products have also become the most widely researched in placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized controlled trials comparing them to benzodiazepine-class sleep drugs and/or medications with varying results. Like lemon balm, signs for its use as a herbal treatment for relaxation or insomnia includes an extended background in history.
Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is basically another botanical utilized to remedy stress, anxiety and insomnia. Researchers have discovered that passionflower works by increasing levels of GABA, achieving a comforting effect. In a Japanese research study from 2017, scientists discovered that passionflower extract modulates the amounts of the receptors as well as the genetic expression of the related enzymes in vivo and in vitro. This ultimately resulted in favorable effects on circadian rhythms.
Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Insight
Natural remedies and botanicals are a natural option for promoting sleep. While various herbs taken in numerous forms can help provide a good night’s rest, other alternative treatment options can also be considered to get you through a full night of rest. Chiropractic care can help promote sleep by carefully correcting spinal misalignments, or subluxations, through spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, among other techniques. Spinal misalignments, or subluxations, can cause tension and stress along the back, causing pain and discomfort which can contribute to poor sleep. Regular chiropractic care can solve a variety of health issues which may be causing you sleepless nights, thus helping you sleep better and improving quality of life.
Proper Sleep Hygiene Advice
Dr. Michael Polsky, a board-certified sleep physician, recommends contemplating proper sleep hygiene for improving sleep. Sleep hygiene is a phrase utilized to refer to how we prepare our bodies and minds for sleep, beginning hours before we actually have to sleep. In fact, the window of 2 to 3 hours before sleeping proves to be significantly the most essential when attempting to get a good night’s rest. Below, are several notes of advice for achieving and maintaining proper sleep hygiene:
At least 2-3 hours before bedtime, have a light, balanced meal and also reduce fluids
Make a strategy to avoid the use of electronic devices 1 to 2 hours before bed
Do a little mild activity, like walking or yoga; avoid a hard workout or some other action which is too stimulating
Reduce or eliminate caffeine, commonly from coffee, tea, or chocolate, drink no more than 1 to 2 cups of coffee or tea before lunch
Keep a regular sleep schedule, even on weekends
A Simple Tea Recipe
Blend a batch of 2 parts peppermint leaf, 1 piece lemon balm, 1 part passionflower, and 1 part lavender. Steep one heaping teaspoon in a teacup of hot water for 5 minutes and enjoy only as a relaxing drink.
Sleep deprivation is one of the most common behaviors which can lead to a variety of health issues. While the natural remedies and botanicals mentioned above can be utilized to help promote sleep, other alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, have been reported to help provide a better good night’s rest. Chiropractic care focuses on the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of a variety of musculoskeletal and nervous system injuries and/or conditions, through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations. A spinal misalignment, or subluxation, can cause pain and discomfort when trying to get proper sleep. Through chiropractic care, a chiropractor can help promote sleep by carefully correcting any spinal misalignment which may be causing painful symptoms. By treating symptoms of pain and discomfort, chiropractic care can help promote sleep, naturally, without the need for drugs and/or medications as well as surgical interventions.
In conclusion, proper sleep and rest are essential elements towards achieving and maintaining overall health and wellness. Through the use of natural remedies and botanicals, by practicing good sleep hygiene tips, and by receiving chiropractic care, the average American can begin to experience the benefits of proper sleep. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900�.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Back Pain
Back pain is one of the most prevalent causes for disability and missed days at work worldwide. As a matter of fact, back pain has been attributed as the second most common reason for doctor office visits, outnumbered only by upper-respiratory infections. Approximately 80 percent of the population will experience some type of back pain at least once throughout their life. The spine is a complex structure made up of bones, joints, ligaments and muscles, among other soft tissues. Because of this, injuries and/or aggravated conditions, such as herniated discs, can eventually lead to symptoms of back pain. Sports injuries or automobile accident injuries are often the most frequent cause of back pain, however, sometimes the simplest of movements can have painful results. Fortunately, alternative treatment options, such as chiropractic care, can help ease back pain through the use of spinal adjustments and manual manipulations, ultimately improving pain relief.
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