Facet hypertrophy is an incurable, chronic disease that affects the facet joints in the spine. Can recognizing symptoms, help in diagnosis, and treatment?
Facet Hypertrophy
Facet hypertrophy causes the facet joints in the spine to enlarge. They are found where the vertebrae come into contact on the back of the vertebrae that form the backbone. These joints stabilize the spine when twisting and bending. Hypertrophy results when damage wears down the cartilage that cushions the bones that meet in the joint. This can include:
Aging
Wear and tear
Arthritis
Other joint diseases can damage facet joints.
Swelling, new bone growth, and bone spurs can occur as the joint tries to repair the damaged cartilage. The swelling and new bone growth can narrow the spinal canal and compress surrounding nerves, causing pain and other sensation symptoms. This ailment does not have a cure and worsens over time. The objective of treatment is to manage the pain symptoms and slow down the disease’s progress.
Types
Facet hypertrophy can be described as unilateral or bilateral.
Symptoms can have a wide range of intensity, from a dull ache to chronic, disabling pain. The location of symptoms depends on the affected joint and the nerves involved, Pain manifests when the enlarged joints and new bone growth compresses the nearby nerves. The result leads to nerve damage and the following symptoms: (Weill Cornell Medicine Brain & Spine Center. 2023) (Cedars Sinai. 2022)
Stiffness, especially when standing up or getting out of a chair.
Inability to stand straight when walking.
Inability to look up to the left or right without turning the whole body.
Reduced range of motion and mobility.
Numbness or a tingling sensation of pins and needles.
Radiating pain from the affected joint into the buttocks, hips, and upper thigh when the affected joint/s are in the lower back.
Radiating pain from the affected joint into the shoulder, neck, and back of the head when the affected joint/s are in the upper back.
Headaches when the affected joint is in the neck.
Causes
A common cause is the age-related degeneration of the joints, called spondylosis. Research indicates that more than 80% of individuals who are 40 or older have radiologic evidence of spondylosis, even though they may not have symptoms. (The University of Toledo Medical Center. N.D.) The following conditions can also increase the risk of facet hypertrophy (Weill Cornell Medicine Brain & Spine Center. 2023)
Unhealthy posture
Being overweight or obese
Sedentary lifestyle
Injury or trauma to the spine
Inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis
Osteoarthritis
Genetic predisposition to the condition
Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be challenging when neck or back pain is the main complaint, as symptoms can mimic conditions such as sciatica from a herniated disc or hip arthritis. (Weill Cornell Medicine Brain & Spine Center. 2023)
A healthcare provider will conduct a complete physical examination, medical history, and discussion of symptoms.
CT scans with or without myelogram – the use of contrast dye in the space around the spinal cord.
MRI
X-rays with or without a myelogram
A diagnosis is confirmed by injecting a diagnostic block that involves administering an anesthetic injection, sometimes with an anti-inflammatory like cortisone, into the joint or nerves near the affected joint. Two injections are given at different times to confirm the effect. (Romain Perolat et al., 2018)
If immediate relief improves after each injection, the facet joint is confirmed as the source of the pain symptoms.
If the block does not decrease the pain, the facet joint is probably not the source of the pain symptoms. (Brigham and Women’s Hospital. 2023)
Treatment
There is no cure for facet hypertrophy.
The goal of treatment is to make the pain more manageable.
Conservative treatment is usually successful in making a difference.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory – aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen.
Muscle relaxers – cyclobenzaprine or metaxalone.
Steroid injection into the facet joints.
Injection of platelet-rich plasma/PRP into the joints.
Medial Branch or Facet Block
A medial branch block injects local anesthetic near the medial nerves that connect to an inflamed joint.
Medial nerves are small nerves outside the joint space near the nerve that transmit signals and other impulses to the brain.
A facet block injects the medication outside the joint space near the nerve that supplies the joint called the medial branch.
Neurolysis
Neurolysis, also known as rhizotomy or neurotomy, is a procedure that destroys affected nerve fibers to relieve pain, reduce disability, and reduce the need for analgesics. This treatment can relieve pain for six to 12 months until the nerve regenerates, where further treatments may be necessary. (Matthew Smuck et al., 2012) Neurolysis can be performed using one of the following techniques (Romain Perolat et al., 2018)
Radiofrequency ablation RFA – the application of heat through radiofrequency.
Cryoneurolysis – the application of cold temperatures to the targeted nerve.
Chemical neurolysis – applying chemical agents, like a combination of phenol and alcohol.
Severing the nerves with surgical instrumentation.
Surgery
When one or more facet joints are severely damaged, they can become nonfunctional and painful. Surgery may be recommended when symptoms are not relieved by other therapies. (Ali Fahir Ozer, et al., 2015)
Prognosis
Facet hypertrophy is a chronic condition that progresses with age and does not affect life expectancy. (Weill Cornell Medicine Brain & Spine Center. 2023) The disorder is incurable, but symptoms can be managed with conservative therapies
A healthcare provider can help develop a treatment plan based on the extent and location of the joint affected.
Early diagnosis and treatment can help individuals achieve the best results.
Maintaining an active lifestyle and healthy weight can help prevent further joint stress. Individuals may be recommended to do regular stretching and strengthening exercises to lower inflammation, reduce stress, and improve overall health.
Facet Syndrome Treatment
References
Perolat, R., Kastler, A., Nicot, B., Pellat, J. M., Tahon, F., Attye, A., Heck, O., Boubagra, K., Grand, S., & Krainik, A. (2018). Facet joint syndrome: from diagnosis to interventional management. Insights into imaging, 9(5), 773–789. doi.org/10.1007/s13244-018-0638-x
Smuck, M., Crisostomo, R. A., Trivedi, K., & Agrawal, D. (2012). Success of initial and repeated medial branch neurotomy for zygapophysial joint pain: a systematic review. PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 4(9), 686–692. doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.06.007
Ozer, A. F., Suzer, T., Sasani, M., Oktenoglu, T., Cezayirli, P., Marandi, H. J., & Erbulut, D. U. (2015). Simple facet joint repair with dynamic pedicular system: Technical note and case series. Journal of craniovertebral junction & spine, 6(2), 65–68. doi.org/10.4103/0974-8237.156049
Rheumatoid arthritis is said to affect around 1.5 million individuals. Recognized as an autoimmune condition that presents with chronic pain in the body’s joints. It commonly affects regularly used joints like the shoulders, hands, and feet. The condition can begin to present in individuals in their 30s. Concerns that come with a rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis are the condition’s effect on the spinal facet joints. These joints are susceptible to attack from a dysfunctional immune system, leaving them prone to weakness, inflammation, and nerve compression. Chiropractors understand the manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. They can pinpoint at-risk facet joints and provide corrective relief before more dangerous symptoms begin to present.
Facet joint risks
There are two facet joints that connect each vertebra to the one above and below. Their objective is to stabilize the spine, whether in a neutral position or engaged in flexion/extension movement. When targeted by the body’s immune system, the joints begin to weaken. The body attacks the synovial fluid that lubricates the joints. This creates friction that generates inflammation. Over time the joints break down leading to everything from loss of mobility to bone spurs. When left untreated the facet joints begin to deteriorate, causing nerve compression that can lead to permanent nerve damage. When the joints are not working properly the spine has to work around them.
Subluxations
Disc herniation
Ruptured discs
Sciatica all are possible with facet joint dysfunction.
Treatment
Currently, rheumatoid arthritis cannot be cured but symptoms can go into remission when treatment begins early.Chiropractic is an effective treatment at disrupting the symptoms of joint deterioration that stops the progression.
It has the ability to increase and maintain an individual’s range of motion, from a condition that causes loss of mobility.
It helps to bring rapid pain relief and helps with postural improvements.
It maintains positive spinal health and homeostasis.
Prevents problems with compression and subluxations.
Stretching and strengthening exercises are incorporated to preserve an individual’s spinal integrity.
Diet and nutrition are also adjusted to mitigate the effects, helping with inflammation prevention.
The spinal focus
As rheumatoid arthritis affects the body’s joints, it is vital to protect the facet joints. These joints can experience degenerative damage that can cause long-term problems. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic provide individuals with the tools necessary to combat rheumatoid arthritis that medications by themselves might not be able to.
Body Composition
Muscle Mass Fitness for Long-Term Health
Muscle building is not just for bodybuilders and athletes. Everyone benefits from building muscle for long-term health. Monitoring the changes in Lean Body Mass can be accomplished by having body composition measured. Body composition analysis can divide an individual’s weight into various components. These include:
Fat Mass
Lean Body Mass
Basal Metabolic Rate will give a clearer picture of overall fitness and health.
Building Lean Body Mass is an investment for maintaining health long-term. The more Lean Body Mass that is built the more is in storage/reserve when the body really needs it. Before adding protein shakes and resistance workouts to the daily regimen, a plan needs to be developed. The first step to building a healthy level of lean body mass is to measure how much there is with a body composition analysis.
Disclaimer
The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the musculoskeletal system’s injuries or disorders. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.
Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP, CIFM, CTG* email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com phone: 915-850-0900 Licensed in Texas & New Mexico
References
Pope JE, Cheng J. Facet (Zygapophyseal) Intraarticular Joint Injections: Cervical, Lumbar, and Thoracic. Injections for Back Pain. 129-135. ClinicalKey.com. Accessed July 16, 2019.
Brummett CM, Cohen SP. Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Zygapophyseal (Facet) Joint Pain. 816-844. ClinicalKey.com. Accessed July 16, 2019.
Facet joint syndrome also called facet joint sprain is a common cause of back pain. The joint/s in our bodies connect two or more bones and their primary function is to promote motion. In the spine, the joints connecting each vertebra are known as facet joints. Like any other joint, each facet joints� job is to generate healthy movement and provide stability for each motion segment.
The disc/s function as spacers that support motion between the vertebral bodies. This creates a tri-relationship between the intervertebral disc and the facet joints. Degeneration or damage/injury to one affects the other. The effects of aging and/or traumatic injury can damage the facet joints and is the leading cause of back pain known as facet joint syndrome.
There are a variety of treatments that are used, but the most mainstream involves pain medication which can have undesirable side effects and can lead to addiction. Chiropractic is a proven, reliable treatment for pain relief and discomfort of facet joint syndrome. It restores mobility and flexibility while providing pain relief. Individuals notice significant alleviation from the pain and inflammation with chiropractic and is often recommended to those with the condition.
Facet joint syndrome
The joints are located at the back of the spine. At each level, there are two joints, one on each side of the spine. The facet joints are enclosed in a capsule. The capsule contains synovial fluid and the surface is covered with hyaline cartilage. These joints are constructed in this fashion because of their role in the body. This role is to control excessive or extensive movement, which includes hyperextension and rotation. This helps to stabilize the spine.
Facet joint syndrome happens when there is an injury or damage to the joints. There are a variety of causes, but basically, it is a sprain that is brought on by excessive movement. This damages the joint capsule and results in inflammation, swelling, and pain.
The pain triggers a protective mechanism in the spine called a reactive muscle spasm which causes difficulty moving comfortably and severe, sudden pain. It is difficult to sit and rest because of its integral function of supporting the body. Severe sprains can take weeks to heal, normally 2 to 6 weeks. The�daily pain and lack of mobility make everyday activities difficult and a normal lifestyle almost impossible.
Chiropractic/Physical Therapy
Chiropractic is a proven, effective treatment for facet syndrome.� A chiropractor will conduct a physical exam, discuss medical history, and send you for diagnostic tests like x-rays and MRIs. Once they have a clear picture of the condition and a facet joint syndrome diagnosis has been confirmed, they will discuss a recommended course of treatment that can include:
Exercise
They recommend exercises�specific�to the condition that helps relieve the pain while strengthening the muscles in the back.
Poor Posture
Posture is extremely important for spinal health and general wellness.
A chiropractor will help you achieve a proper, healthy posture along with exercises to do at home to maintain posture and retrain your body.
Heat/Ice
Heat wraps, hot showers or ice packs and cold pads can be recommended to help control pain and swelling.
Changes
Depending on job type, you may be advised to take frequent breaks if you sit all day or shorten your commute. Certain activities won�t be do-able for some time until your back heals.
Spinal manipulation
Spinal manipulation is the most standard chiropractic treatment. A chiropractor may include other treatments/therapies depending on the specific condition and lifestyle.
Chiropractic is a safe, effective, non-invasive, and drug-free way to treat facet joint syndrome, relieve back pain, and help you regain mobility. Talk to your chiropractor about treatment options. Our uplifting southwest community surrounded by its infinite beauty is a fantastic place to live and enjoy our families; it is, therefore, our mission to help each of our patients to live,�to�love,�to�matter�and�to�thrive�pain-free�in this beautiful special place.
Cervical facet joint syndrome, or cervical facet osteoarthritis, is a degenerative condition marked by stiffness and pain in the cervical region (neck) of the spine.�Individuals can gain relief from various types of treatment, including chiropractic care.
Facet joint problems are among the most common sources of lower back and neck pain. They can cause debilitating, chronic problems with the neck and back and can lead to other more severe conditions and symptoms that can be disabling.
What is Cervical Facet Joint Pain?
The spine, comprised of a chain of bones known as vertebrae. Each one has two facet joints on the back side and a large disc on the front side, allowing the vertebrae to stack neatly, one on top of the other, providing stabilization for the entire body.
The facet joints are synovial joints, like other joints in the body and sometimes they can become inflamed or injured, causing pain and stiffness. Cervical facet joint pain is, quite literally, a pain in the neck. It means that the joints in the neck area have become injured or inflamed. Suffering from this condition can make it difficult for the patient to turn their head from side to side, or to move it up and down.
The cervical facet joints are almost always working. They undergo repetitive, constant motion and over time they can become torn or worn down. Problems within the joint can cause movement to be restricted, or it can have too much, both of which can cause pain.
Injury, such as whiplash, to the area, can also cause problems. If�not treated�appropriately�the condition�can be degenerative, and the patient can lose both flexibility and mobility, as well as suffer from chronic pain.
Symptoms of Cervical Facet Joint Pain
The symptoms of cervical facet joint pain tend to vary from patient to patient. A patient may experience one or several of these symptoms:
Tingling, weakness, or pain in the hand and arm
Neck pain
Upper back pain that can affect the shoulders
Pain between the shoulder blades
Headaches, typically located in the back of the head
Swelling and tenderness at the site of the inflamed facet joint
Decreased range of motion and flexibility in the neck
Treatment for Cervical Facet Joint Pain
When a patient diagnosed with cervical facet joint pain, the treatment is usually fairly conservative. Their doctor may recommend soft tissue massage, physical therapy, and posture correction. Combined with medications such as an anti-inflammatory like ibuprofen, or muscle relaxers to ease muscle spasms in the muscles that surround the affected joint.
If those methods do not give the patient relief, the doctor may take a more aggressive approach, prescribing facet joint injections that use steroid medications injected into the affected joint. This approach is intended to keep the pain localized while reducing it. The procedure can be performed in an outpatient setting and has a good record of being useful, but the results are temporary.
Chiropractic for Cervical Facet Joint Pain
Chiropractors have had much success in treating cervical facet joint pain. They can manipulate the areas that are affected, restoring painful, restricted facet joints to a point where they can move much more natural and without pain. Over time, with regular chiropractic treatments, they can help to reestablish range of motion in the neck area for their patients. All done without any medications or injections. It is a natural, gentle, effective method for relieving the pain and helping the patient enjoy a better quality of life.
Truide Torres, office supervisor, developed facet syndrome from engaging in gymnastics at a young age. As a result of extra strain being put on her backbone, Mrs. Torres has been made to decrease her involvement in physical and exercise actions. To be able to continue being involved in fitness, Truide Torres discovered facet syndrome pain therapy with Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C. at El Paso, TX. Mrs. Torres was educated and correctly taken care of by Dr. Jimenez because of her facet syndrome and she managed to take part in her physical and exercise actions once more. Truide Torres urges people to consider Dr. Alex Jimenez and his team as the non-surgical selection for facet syndrome pain therapy, describing them as a caring, educated and professional group of caregivers.
Facet Syndrome Chiropractic Treatment
Facet syndrome (also popularly called facet joint disease, facet osteoarthritis, facet hypertrophy or facet arthritis) is a syndrome in which the side joints (synovial diarthroses, from C2 to S1) degenerate into the role of causing debilitating symptoms. In combination with degenerative disk disorder, a different but associated disorder, facet syndrome is supposed to be among the most common causes of lower back pain. The indications of facet joint syndrome rely almost completely concerning the positioning of the degenerated joint, so the intensity of the injury and the quantity of pressure which has been placed on the surrounding nerve roots. It’s vital to say that the amount of pain a person undergoes doesn’t correlate well with the total amount of degeneration which has happened within the joint. A good deal of women and men experience little if any pain while some, with the particular exact same quantity of harm, experience chronic pain.
We are blessed to present to you�El Paso�s Premier Wellness & Injury Care Clinic.
As El Paso�s Chiropractic Rehabilitation Clinic & Integrated Medicine Center,�we passionately are focused treating patients after frustrating injuries and chronic pain syndromes. We focus on improving your ability through flexibility, mobility and agility programs tailored for all age groups and disabilities.
If you have enjoyed this video and/or we have helped you in any way please feel free to subscribe and recommend�us.
Facet syndrome, also called facet joint sprain or facet joint syndrome is a common cause of back pain. There are many treatments that are used, but most mainstream medical treatments involve pain medication which can have undesirable side effects and may even lead to addiction.
Chiropractic is a proven, reliable treatment for relieving the pain and discomfort of facet syndrome. It helps restore mobility and flexibility while providing pain relief. Some patient notice significant relief from the pain and inflammation of this condition with chiropractic treatment and it is often recommended to facet syndrome patients.
What Is Facet Syndrome?
Facet syndrome is the result of an injury to the facet joints. Zygapophyseal joints, or facet joints reside at the posterior of the spine. At each level there are two joints, one on each side of the spine.
The facet joints are enclosed in a joint capsule. They are synovial joints so the capsule contains synovial fluid. The surface of the joints is covered with hyaline cartilage.
Other joints, such as the ankle, contain this type of cartilage covering. These joints are constructed in this way due to their role in the body � to control excessive or extensive movement. This would include hyper extension and rotation. By doing so they help to stabilize the spine.
Facet syndrome occurs when there is an injury to the facet joints. There are numerous causes, but basically, it is a sprain that is brought about by excessive movement.
This damages the joint capsule and the result is inflammation, swelling, and pain. The pain triggers a protective mechanism in the spine called a reactive muscle spasm which causes great difficulty in moving comfortable and severe, sudden pain.
It is difficult to rest the back because of its integral function in supporting the entire body. A severe sprain can take weeks to heal, typically 2 to 6 weeks. This means that the pain and lack of mobility is impacting you on a daily basis. It can be very difficult to pursue day to day activities and enjoy your typical lifestyle.
Chiropractic For Facet Syndrome
Chiropractic care is a proven, effective treatment for facet syndrome. When you visit your chiropractor, he or she will conduct a physical exam, discuss your medical history, and may send you for diagnostic tests like x-rays and MRIs. Once they have a clear picture of your condition and a facet syndrome diagnosis has been confirmed, they will discuss with you a recommended course of treatment that may include:
Exercise � they will recommend specific exercises to help relieve the pain and strengthen the muscles in the back so that they can better support the spine.
Posture � posture is extremely important in spinal health and overall wellness. Your chiropractor will help you achieve good, healthy posture and give you exercises to do at home to help you maintain good posture and retrain your body to have better posture.
Heat or cold therapy � heat wraps and hot showers or ice packs and cold pad applications may be recommended to help control pain.
Changes in activities � you may be advised to take frequent breaks if you sit at a desk all day or to shorten your commute. There may be some activities that you won�t be able to do for a while � or won�t be able to do for long periods of time until your back heals.
Chiropractic treatment � spinal manipulation is the most common chiropractic treatment for facet syndrome. Your chiropractor may include other types of treatments though, depending on your specific condition and lifestyle.
Chiropractic is a safe, effective, non-invasive, and drug free way to treat facet syndrome, relieve back pain, and help you regain your mobility. Talk to your chiropractor about your treatment options for facet syndrome.
Injury Medical Clinic: Back Pain Care & Treatments
Truide Torres, office manager, developed facet syndrome from participating in gymnastics at a young age. Due to the additional stress being placed on her spine, Mrs. Torres was forced to reduce her engagement in exercise and physical activities. In order to continue being involved in fitness, Truide Torres found facet syndrome pain treatment with Dr. Alex Jimenez, D.C. in El Paso, TX. Mrs. Torres was well-informed and properly treated by Dr. Jimenez for her face syndrome and she was able to participate in her exercise and physical activities once again. Truide Torres recommends Dr. Alex Jimenez and his staff as the non-surgical choice for facet syndrome pain treatment, describing them as a caring, knowledgeable and qualified group of healthcare professionals.
Facet syndrome (also popularly known as facet joint disease, facet osteoarthritis, facet hypertrophy or aspect arthritis) is a syndrome where the facet joints (synovial diarthroses, from C2 to S1) degenerate to the purpose of causing debilitating symptoms. In conjunction with degenerative disk disease, a distinct but related illness, aspect syndrome is thought to be one of the most frequent causes of lower back pain. The signs of facet joint syndrome rely almost entirely about the location of this degenerated joint, the severity of the harm and the amount of pressure that is being put on the surrounding nerve roots. It is essential to note that the amount of pain a person experiences does not correlate well with the amount of degeneration that has occurred within the joint. A lot of men and women experience little or no pain while others, with the specific same amount of damage, experience chronic pain.
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