Back Clinic Nerve Injury Team. Nerves are fragile and can be damaged by pressure, stretching, or cutting. Injury to a nerve can stop signals to and from the brain, causing muscles not to work properly and losing feeling in the injured area. The nervous system manages a great majority of the body’s functions, from regulating an individual’s breathing to controlling their muscles as well as sensing heat and cold. But, when trauma from an injury or an underlying condition causes nerve injury, an individual’s quality of life may be greatly affected. Dr. Alex Jimenez explains various concepts through his collection of archives revolving around the types of injuries and condition which can cause nerve complications as well as discuss the different form of treatments and solutions to ease nerve pain and restore the individual’s quality of life.
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We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.
Neuropathy is a medical term used to describe a collection of general diseases or malfunctions which affect the nerves. The causes of neuropathy, or nerve damage, can vary greatly among each individual and these may be caused by a number of different diseases, injuries, infections and even vitamin deficiency states. However, neuropathy can most commonly affect the nerves that control the motor and sensory nerves. Because the human body is composed of many different kinds of nerves which perform different functions, nerve damage is classified into several types. Neuropathy can also be classified according to the location of the nerves being affected and according to the disease causing it. For instance, neuropathy caused by diabetes is called diabetic neuropathy. Furthermore, depending on which nerves are affected will depend on the symptoms that will manifest as a result. Below we will discuss several specific types of neuropathies clinically treated by chiropractors, physical therapists and physical medicine doctors alike, as well as briefly describing their causes and their symptoms.
Brachial Plexopathies
Brachial plexopathy is a type of peripheral neuropathy, which affects the nerves that transmit messages from the brain and the spinal cord to the rest of the body. This kind of nerve damage occurs when harm affects the brachial plexus, a region found on each side of the neck where nerve roots from the spinal cord branch out into each arm’s nerves. Damage, injury or a condition that impacts these nerve roots can result in pain, decreased mobility and reduced sensation in the arm and shoulder. In some cases, no cause can be identified.
Erb’s Palsy
Erb’s Palsy, also known as�Erb�Duchenne palsy or Waiter’s tip palsy, is identified as a paralysis of the arm caused by damage or injury to the nerves in the neck which form part of the brachial plexus. The most common mechanism of injury in adults with Erb’s Palsy is a patient who fell forward while holding onto something behind them. Erb�Duchenne palsy can also happen to an infant during childbirth, most commonly, but not exclusively, from shoulder dystocia during a difficult birth. To be more precise, this type of brachial plexopathy results from damage to the C5-C6 nerve roots along the brachial plexus in the neck. Symptoms of Erb’s Palsy include dermatomal distribution of sensory disruption followed by weakness or paralysis in the deltoid, biceps, and brachialis muscles, leading to the �waiter�s tip� position associated with this type of neuropathy. While many infants can recover on their own from this type of brachial plexopathy, some may require rehabilitation.
Klumpke’s Palsy
Klumpke’s Palsy, also known as Klumpke’s paralysis or�Dejerine�Klumpke palsy, is a partial palsy in the nerve roots of the brachial plexus located along the cervical spine, or neck. It is named after�Augusta D�jerine-Klumpke, an American-born French medical doctor acknowledged for her work in neuroanatomy. Klumpke’s Palsy is characterized as a form of paralysis involving the muscles of the forearm and hand, which occurs to�infants during childbirth if their arm is pulled overhead.�Dejerine�Klumpke palsy can also occur to adults with overhead traction injuries caused by harm to the C8-T1 nerve roots in the brachial plexus and upper thoracic region of the spine. Symptoms of Klumpke’s paralysis include dermatomal distribution of sensory disruption, weakness or paralysis, in the wrist flexors and pronators as well as in the muscles of the hand. This type of brachial plexopathy may often lead to Horner�s syndrome, a collection of symptoms which manifest when a set of nerves, known as the sympathetic trunk, are damaged or injured due to T1 involvement. This form of neuropathy is identified by resulting�in a �claw hand� appearance, where the forearm is supinated with the wrist hyperextended, together with finger flexion.
Entrapment Neuropathies
Entrapment neuropathy, also known as nerve compression syndrome or compression neuropathy, is best-known as nerve damage or a type of neuropathy caused by direct pressure on a nerve. Common symptoms include pain and discomfort, tingling or burning sensations, numbness and muscle weakness which affects only a particular part of the human body, depending on which nerve is affected. A nerve can become compressed as a result of a constant external force or due to a lesion, such as a tumor. Additionally, some conditions can make the nerves more susceptible to compression, including diabetes, where the nerves are rendered more sensitive to minor degrees of compression due to their already compromised supply of blood. Nerve damage caused by a single episode of harm can be considered an entrapment neuropathy, however, it is generally not classified under this group of compression neuropathy or nerve compression syndrome.
Thoracic Outlet Syndromes
Thoracic outlet syndromes are a group of disorders which develop when the nerves or blood vessels between the collarbone and the thoracic outlet, located in the region of the first rib, are compressed. As a result, this can cause pain and discomfort in the neck and shoulders as well as numbness in the fingers. There are a number of types of thoracic outlet syndromes, including neurogenic, or neurological, thoracic outlet syndrome, specifically caused by the compression of the brachial plexus, vascular thoracic outlet syndrome, which is caused specifically by the compression of the veins, known as venous thoracic outlet syndrome, or arteries, known as arterial thoracic outlet syndrome, and nonspecific-type thoracic outlet syndrome, which is considered to be idiopathic and has been described to worsen with activity. Several healthcare professionals believe that nonspecific-type thoracic outlet syndrome doesn’t exist, while others claim it to be a common disorders. However, the majority of thoracic outlet syndromes are often classified as neurogenic.
Thoracic outlet syndromes are caused by the compression of the cervical rib, an extra “rib” in the seventh cervical vertebra, subclavius muscle tension, improper posture or�excessive thoracic kyphosis, physical trauma, repetitive activity, obesity and pregnancy. Thoracic outlet syndromes can vary depending on which structures are compressed. Thoracic outlet syndromes can be diagnosed using tests, such as the Adsons test, the Allen maneuver, the Costoclavicular maneuver, the Halstead maneuver, the�Reverse bakody maneuver, the Roos test, the Shoulder compression test and the Wright test. Thoracic outlet syndromes can cause permanent neurological damage if not diagnosed and treated early.
Median Nerve Entrapment
Median nerve entrapment or median nerve entrapment syndrome, is a mononeuropathy, a condition that impacts only a single nerve or nerve group outside the brain and spinal cord, which affects the movement of or sensation in the hand. Median nerve entrapment is caused by the compression of the median nerve found in the elbow or distally in the forearm or wrist. Symptoms include sensory disruption in the lateral portion of the palmar aspect of the hand and dorsal finger tips of the same fingers. In addition, motor fibers may also be affected in the forearm, if applicable, including the muscles of the thenar eminence, such as the abductor pollicis brevis, the opponens pollicis, and the flexor pollicis brevis. Other forms of median nerve entrapment syndromes include: pronator teres syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome.
Pronator teres syndrome is characterized as the compression of the median nerve at the elbow. It is considered rare compared to carpal tunnel syndrome. Pronator teres syndrome is caused by repetitive movement, pronator teres muscle inflammation and thickened bicipital aponeurosis. Clinical findings for this type of neuropathy include, tenderness with palpation of the pronator teres muscle, pain with resisted pronation of the arm, flexor pollicus longus and flexor digitorum profundus involvement, otherwise, symptoms manifestations for pronator teres syndrome may appear similar to carpal tunnel syndrome but without positive wrist orthopedics.
Carpal tunnel syndrome is characterized as the compression of the median nerve at the wrist. Carpal tunnel syndrome is identified by symptoms of pain and discomfort, tingling sensations in the thumb, index finger, middle finger and the thumb side of the ring fingers, and numbness. These can generally start gradually and may extend up the arm. Advanced instances of carpal tunnel syndrome may cause weakened grip strength where the muscles at the base of the thumb may waste away if left untreated for an extended period of time. In many cases, carpal tunnel syndrome may affect both hands or arms. Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by repetitive movements, hypothyroidism, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and pregnancy. Orthopedic tests utilized to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome include the use of the Tinel�s Sign, positive if tapping over the median nerve reproduces/exacerbates symptoms, the�Phalen�s Maneuver/Prayer Sign, performed by bringing the hands together, with wrists flexed, and is repeated in reverse with the wrists extended, for at least 60 seconds, and is considered positive if tests reproduce/exacerbate symptoms, and the�Wringing Test, if wringing a towel produces paresthesia.
Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
Ulnar nerve entrapment is a condition where the ulnar nerve itself becomes physically trapped or pinched, resulting in symptoms of pain, numbness and weakness which extends throughout the little finger, the ulnar half of the ring finger and throughout the intrinsic muscles of the hand. Symptoms or ulnar nerve entrapment ultimately involve sensory disruption in the medial two digits of the palmar and dorsal aspects of the hand. Symptoms of ulnar nerve entrapment may vary depending on the specific location of the ulnar nerve compression or impingement. These may also be classified as motor, sensory or both, depending on the location of the injury. If motor fibers are affected in the hand, all fingers, besides the thumb, may become weakened, described as general hand weakness. The most common location of ulnar nerve entrapment is within the cubital tunnel. Other forms of ulnar nerve entrapment include: cubital tunnel syndrome and tunnel of Guyon syndrome.
Cubital tunnel syndrome is identified by the compression or impingement of the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel at the elbow. It is considered to be the second most common entrapment neuropathy which affects the upper extremities, following carpal tunnel syndrome. Symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome are characterized by pain and discomfort along the region of the ulnar nerve entrapment, along with sensory impairment, paresis and paresthesia.�Causes of cubital tunnel syndrome include, repetitive movements, hypothyroidism, obesity, diabetes, physical trauma or injury to the cubital tunnel, and prolonged sitting with pressure on bent elbow.
Tunnel of Guyon syndrome, or Guyon’s canal syndrome, is identified by the compression or impingement of the ulnar nerve at the wrist, particularly along an anatomical space in the wrist known as Guyon’s canal. Guyon’s canal syndrome may also be referred to as ulnar tunnel syndrome. Symptoms of tunnel of Guyon syndrome are similar to those of cubital tunnel syndrome with slight variations depending on the region of ulnar nerve entrapment.�Causes of tunnel of Guyon syndrome include, repetitive movements, long term crutch use, fracture of the hamate, a carpal bone, due to a ganglion cyst, hypothyroidism, obesity, rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes.�Orthopedic tests utilized to diagnose Guyon’s canal syndrome include the use of the�Tinel�s Sign, positive if test over the ulnar nerve at the wrist elicits symptoms, the Wartenberg Sign, positive if the 5th digit abducts when patient performs hard grip strength test or attempts to squeeze fingers together and reduced two-point discrimination in the hand.
Radial Nerve Entrapment
Radial nerve entrapment, also known as radial tunnel syndrome, is a condition caused by the compression of the radial nerve, which travels from the brachial plexus, to the hand and wrist. Healthcare professionals believe that radial tunnel syndrome occurs because the radial nerve becomes irritated or inflamed due to the friction caused by the impingement of the muscles in the forearm. Radial nerve entrapment manifests symptoms of sensory disruption in the lateral three and a half digits of the dorsal aspect of the hand. Motor�fibers may also be affected along the�posterior arm and extensor compartment of the forearm, and wrist drop may be seen. Other forms of radial tunnel syndrome include: spiral groove entrapment, where all radial nerve innervated muscles below entrapment are affected,�Saturday night palsy caused due to sleeping on your own arm and the brachioradialis & triceps reflexes are both diminished, supinator syndrome, caused by the compression at the arcade of Frohse with no change in reflexes. Posterior interosseous syndrome, or radial tunnel syndrome, also elicits no change in reflexes.
Sciatic Nerve Entrapment
Sciatic nerve entrapment is a condition caused by the compression of the sciatic nerve, the longest and largest nerve in the human body, which travels from the low back, down through the buttocks, thighs, legs and into the foot. The collection of symptoms which manifest as a result of sciatic nerve entrapment, including pain and discomfort, tingling and burning sensations, and numbness as well as weakness in the lower extremitites, is commonly known as sciatica. Sciatic nerve entrapment, or sciatica, can be caused by a variety of injuries and/or aggravated conditions which can lead to the compression of the sciatic nerve, including, but not limited to, disc herniation and spinal stenosis. However, symptoms of sciatic nerve entrapment may vary depending on the location of the compression of the sciatic nerve. Other conditions caused by the compression of the sciatic nerve include: piriformis syndrome, peroneal nerve entrapment and tarsal tunnel syndrome.
Piriformis syndrome is a condition which occurs due to the compression of the sciatic nerve as a result of the irritation or inflammation of the piriformis muscle. Symptoms of piriformis syndrome may include pain and discomfort, followed by numbness in the buttocks and down the leg. Symptoms may worsen with regular activities, such as sitting and running. Piriformis syndrome is caused by anatomic variation or due to piriformis overuse/tension. Piriformis syndrome diagnosis exams include, a positive Lase?gue test, where the healthcare professional�extends the patient�s leg passively, while the patient is lying supine,�test is positive if the maneuver is limited by pain, and through the use of tenderness and palpable tension in piriformis muscle which elicits symptoms.
Peroneal nerve entrapment is a condition which occurs when the peroneal or the fibular branch of the sciatic nerve are compressed at the fibular head. Tinel�s sign may be present at the fibular region of the head and/or neck. Peroneal nerve entrapment generally affects the common peroneal nerve, therefore, motor and sensory symptoms may manifest, including, weakness of the ankle dorsiflexion and eversion, or the tibialis anterior. Other symptoms of peroneal nerve entrapment may include sensory disruption on the dorsum of the foot and lateral aspect of the calf. Common peroneal nerve entrapement at the fibular head is the most common nerve entrapment syndrome in the lower extremities.
Tarsal tunnel syndrome, also known as posterior tibial neuralgia, is a condition caused by the compression of the tibial nerve as it travels through the tarsal tunnel, found along the region of the inner leg, posterior to the medial malleolus, or the bump on the inside of the ankle. Tarsal tunnel syndrome can manifest symptoms of pain and discomfort, burning or tingling sensations, and numbness along the big toe and the first three toes. However, symptoms may vary slightly depending on the area of compression, where the entire foot may manifest the symptoms previously described. Other symptoms associated with posterior tibial neuralgia include sensory changes in the sole of the foot. Tinel�s sign may be present with percussion posterior to the medial malleolus. The exact cause of tarsal tunnel syndrome may be difficult to determine and it is essential to receive a proper diagnosis to determine the source of the symptoms.
Radiculopathy
Radiculopathy is a mononeuropathy,�a condition that impacts only a single nerve or nerve group outside the brain and spinal cord, which affects the movement of or sensation in one specific area. It is often associated with neuropathy involving spinal nerve roots and presents as changes in sensory and/or motor function affecting a single or a few nerve root level(s). The most common types of radiculopathies include: sciatica and cervical radiculopathy. The most prevalent causes of radiculopathy include, disc herniation, osteophytes, spinal stenosis, trauma, diabetes, epidural abscess or metastasis, nerve sheath tumors, such as schwannomas and neurofibromas, Guillain-Barre? syndrome, Herpes Zoster, or shingles, Lyme disease, cytomegalovirus, myxedema and/or thyroid disorder, and idiopathic neuritis.
Narrowing down some of the most common causes of radiculopathy, symptoms can manifest due to disc herniation which most commonly affects the nerve roots along the C6, C7, L5 & S1 vertebrae of the spine, spinal stenosis and lumbar stenosis which may produce neurogenic claudication, and pain and weakness with ambulation. Cervical stenosis may present with mixed radiculopathy and myelopathy due to long tract involvement. Symptoms may also manifest due to trauma, because it may lead to compression, trauma or avulsion of the nerve roots, diabetes, which is most�likely to cause a polyneuropathy, but mononeuropathy is possible, and Herpes Zoster, or shingles, most often on the trunk, accompanied by vesicular lesions in a single dermatome. If pain persists past vesicular regression, radiculopathy may instead be considered post-herpetic neuralgia.
Patients with a history of radiculopathy will often complain of burning pain or tingling sensations which radiates or shoots down an affected area in a “dermatomal” pattern. Occasionally, patients will complain of motor weakness, however if onset is recent, there is often no motor involvement. The diagnosis of radiculopathy can depend on a variety of exams.�Most often, hypoesthesia may be present in the affected dermatome level. It’s recommended to�evaluate for pain, as light touch can be difficult for these patient�s to distinguish. Fasciculations and/or atrophy may be seen if radiculopathy is chronic, due to the lower motor neuron being compressed or impinged. Motor weakness may be seen in muscles innervated by the same root level. Orthopedic tests for the diagnosis of radiculopathy may include: the straight-leg raise test (SLR), where pain between 10 to 60 degrees likely indicates nerve root compression, the�Well-leg raise/Crossed straight-leg raise test (WLR), where if positive, 90 percent specificity for L/S nerve root compression may be present, the Valsalva Maneuver, where its considered positive if there is an increase in radicular symptoms, and spinal percussion, where pain may indicate metastatic disease, abscess or osteomyelitis.
Specific radiculopathy patterns may also develop as a result of different regions being affected. Radiculopathy along the T1 can cause Horner�s syndrome, a combination of symptoms caused by the disruption of a nerve pathway from the brain to the face and eye on one side of the body. This is due to its effect on cervical sympathetic ganglia, includind ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis. Radiculopathy below the L1, can cause Cauda Equina syndrome, a condition caused by damage or injury to the bundle of nerves found below the end of the spinal cord, known as the cauda equina. This type of radiculopathy may manifest symptoms of saddle anesthesia, sensory loss in the S2-S5 distribution, urinary retention or overflow incontinence, constipation, decreased rectal tone or fecal incontinence, and loss of erectile function. Individuals with these signs and symptoms must be referred for emergency care immediately to prevent permanent dysfunction.
Other patterns of neuropathy can include the cape/shawl distribution of symptoms, identified by an intramedullary lesion, such as syringomyeli, intramedullary tumor and central cord damage. Stocking and glove distribution of symptoms may manifest as a result of diabetes mellitus,�B12 deficiency, alcoholism and/or hepatitis,�HIV, and thyroid dysfunction and/or myxedema.
The cape/shawl pattern of neuropathy is characterized by symptoms occurring due to an intramedullary lesion, such as a tumor, syringomyelia or a hyperextension injury in patient with C/S spondylosis. It can also be characterized by loss of pain and temperature sensation in C/T dermatomes because of the arrangement of the lateral spinothalamic tract. The stocking and glove pattern may progress gradually depending on its specific stage. It can also be characterized as a symmetrical polyneuropathy, where the feet and legs are generally affected first, followed by the hands and arms. A vibration-like sensation in the smallest toes are also typically the first to go and the neuropathy symptoms may progress across the foot to the big toe and then upward through the ankle and leg, then hands, arms and finally to the trunk if the condition becomes severe. The most likely cause of this pattern may be attributed to diabetes mellitus, but other possible causes include, B12 deficiency, alcoholism, HIV, chemotherapy treatment, thyroid dysfunction and multiple other causes.
Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy is medically defined as a collection of nerve damaging disorders associated with diabetes. These conditions are believed to occur as a result of a diabetic microvascular injury involving the small blood vessels, known as the vasa nervorum, which supply the nerves. Additionally, macrovascular conditions have also been considered to accumulate and cause diabetic neuropathy.�Diabetic neuropathy often presents as a polyneuropathy, or the simultaneous damage or disease of many peripheral nerves throughout the body, but it can also present as a mononeuropathy, usually with acute onset. Diabetic neuropathy most commonly affects the CN III, femoral and sciatic nerves. Diabetic neuropathy can affect all peripheral nerves, including the sensory neurons, motor neurons and, although rarely, the autonomic nervous system. As a result, diabetic neuropathy can affect all organs and systems, as these are all innervated. Diabetic neuropathy can manifest into a wide array of symptoms, including, but not limited to, pain, burning or tingling sensations, numbness, dizziness and trouble with balance.
Demyelinating Neuropathies
Demyelinating neuropathies can be individually defined by its two types: Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, best known as�Guillain-Barre? syndrome, or Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.�Guillain-Barre? syndrome, abbreviated as AIDP, is identified as a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused when the immune system damages, harms or destroys the peripheral nervous system. Onset has been reported by around one to two weeks following viral infection with progressive weakness, loss of DTRs/areflexia, paresthesia in the hands and feet, more motor involvement than sensory, potential autonomic fiber involvement, elevated CSF protein, and EMG/NCV studies indicating demyelination.�Guillain-Barre? syndrome may require treatment with plasmapheresis or IV Ig therapy.�Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, abbreviated as CIDP,�is identified as an acquired immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the peripheral nervous system which appears similar to AIDP but does not follow infection. Symptoms must be present for at least 8 weeks for this diagnosis to be considered positive.�Anti-inflammatory treatments may help treat CIDP.
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Sciatica
Sciatica is medically referred to as a collection of symptoms, rather than a single injury and/or condition. Symptoms of sciatic nerve pain, or sciatica, can vary in frequency and intensity, however, it is most commonly described as a sudden, sharp (knife-like) or electrical pain that radiates from the low back down the buttocks, hips, thighs and legs into the foot. Other symptoms of sciatica may include, tingling or burning sensations, numbness and weakness along the length of the sciatic nerve. Sciatica most frequently affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 50 years. It may often develop as a result of the degeneration of the spine due to age, however, the compression and irritation of the sciatic nerve caused by a bulging or herniated disc, among other spinal health issues, may also cause sciatic nerve pain.
The vast array of symptoms caused by neuropathy, also known as peripheral neuropathy, reflect the fact that it may be caused by an equally broad range of ailments involving disease and damage to peripheral nerves.
Signs and Symptoms of Neuropathy
Depending on the reason and unique to each patient, signs and symptoms of neuropathy can include:�pain; tingling, burning or prickling sensations; increased sensitivity to touch; muscle weakness or wasting;�temporary or permanent numbness; paralysis; dysfunction in glands or organs; or impairment in urination and sexual functioning.
Such signs and symptoms are dependent on whether autonomic, sensory, or motor nerves, as well as a combination of them, are ultimately affected. Autonomic nerve damage can influence physiological functions like blood pressure or create gastrointestinal problems and issues. Damage or dysfunction in the sensory nerves may impact sensations and sense of equilibrium or balance, while harm to motor nerves may affect movement and reflexes. When both sensory and motor nerves are involved, the condition is known as sensorimotor polyneuropathy.
Diabetic Neuropathy Symptoms
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which affects between 12 and 50 percent of individuals with diabetes, is one of the most common types of neuropathy. Many times, symptoms include a gradual change in sensation, as well as pain and weakness in the feet and, although less commonly, the hands. As the neuropathy develops further, it can lead to a loss of sensation in the affected regions.
This lack of feeling raises the odds of harm to the affected areas, explains Matthew Villani, doctor of podiatric medicine at Central Florida Regional Hospital at Lake Mary. Without the pain to signal when there’s an issue, individuals with diabetic neuropathy may allow modest abrasions or blisters on their feet, for instance, to fester as sores or ulcers. “The ulcers can become infected since they are open wounds, which can also progress to bone infection. Unfortunately, it frequently requires amputations if it does progress to that point”, states Dr. Matthew Villani.
Chemotherapy-Associated Neuropathy Symptoms
Cancer patients may suffer with neuropathy induced by chemotherapy as well as by other drugs and/or medications used to treat the disease. Symptoms can include intense pain, impaired movement, changes in heart rate and blood pressure, issues with balance, difficulty breathing, paralysis, and even organ failure. After chemotherapy is done, the symptoms frequently abate swiftly, but occasionally they last more, or these may not go away at all.
HIV- and AIDS-Associated Neuropathy Symptoms
Individuals being treated for HIV or AIDS can develop neuropathy from effects of the virus and the drugs and/or medications used to treat it as well. Common symptoms include stiffness, burning, prickling, tingling, and loss of feeling in the toes and soles of their feet. Sometimes the nerves in the fingers, hands, and wrists are also affected. The drugs Videx (didanosine), Hivid (zalcitabine), and Zerit (stavudine) have been most commonly associated with neuropathic symptoms.
Inflammation-Associated Neuropathy Symptoms
Inflammation caused by infections, like herpes zoster (also known as shingles), Lyme disease, or hepatitis B and hepatitis C, may lead to neuropathy, as may inflammation caused by autoimmune disorders, such as vasculitis, sarcoidosis, or autoimmune disease. In such situations, the signs and symptoms generally include burning and tingling sensations or numbness.
Other Causes of Neuropathy Symptoms
Additional causes of neuropathy and associated signs and symptoms include metabolic disorders, such as hypoglycemia or kidney failure; autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Sjogren’s syndrome, and Guillain-Barr� syndrome; toxicity; hereditary disorders, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disorder; hormonal disorders; alcoholism; vitamin deficiencies; physical trauma or injury; compression; and repetitive stress. In addition, many individuals may experience idiopathic neuropathy signs and symptoms, meaning that healthcare professionals may not know the reason for their neuropathy.
Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Insight
Neuropathy can be caused by a variety of injuries and/or aggravated conditions, often manifesting into a plethora of associated signs and symptoms. While every type of neuropathy, such as diabetic neuropathy or autoimmune disease-associated neuropathy, develops its own unique group of signs and symptoms, many patients will often report common complaints. Individuals with neuropathy generally describe their pain as stabbing, burning or tingling in character. If you experience unusual or abnormal tingling or burning sensations, weakness and/or pain in your hands and feet, it’s essential to seek immediate medical attention in order to receive a proper diagnosis of the cause of your specific signs and symptoms. Early diagnosis may help prevent further nerve injury.
What are the Common Signs and Symptoms of Neuropathy?
“Although there’s a wide array of signs and symptoms associated with neuropathy, the type of pain that people encounter may be common in many aspects of the disorder”, notes Vernon Williams, MD, a sports neurologist and director of the Center for Sports Neurology and Pain Medicine at Cedars-Sini Kerlan-Jobe Institute in Los Angeles. “The character and quality of neuropathic pain will often be pain that is burning or electric in character.” Furthermore, he describes that the pain will frequently be associated with different symptoms, like paresthesia, or a lack of normal sensation associated with pain; allodynia, or a painful reaction to a stimulus that wouldn’t normally trigger pain signals; and hyperalgesia, or a striking or severe pain in response to a stimulus that normally causes moderate pain.
How is Neuropathy Diagnosed?
If you think you’re having any of the above neuropathy signs and symptoms, consult a healthcare professional. A number of tests can be done to diagnose neuropathy. “There are certain patterns of complaints that indicate neuropathy,” stated Dr. Williams, “so taking down a patient’s history which includes a description of these complaints is an important first step.”
“After that, your healthcare professional can perform a physical evaluation, including checking motor and sensory function, assessing deep tendon reflexes, as well as looking for signs and symptoms like allodynia and hyperalgesia,” Williams says. “Then we can even perform electrodiagnostic testing; the most common being electromyography and nerve conduction testing, where we can stimulate nerves and document responses, calculate the rate at which signals are being transmitted and see whether there are some areas where nerves are not transmitting signals normally,” Williams continues.
With needle tests, Williams states, “We can put modest needles into human muscles, and, according to what we see and listen together with all the needle in the muscle, we get details about the way the nerves supplying those muscle tissues are functioning. There are a number of unique tests that could be handy to identifying neuropathy, in addition to localizing where the abnormality is the most likely to be coming from”, concluded Dr.�Vernon Williams.
Often, blood tests may test for elevated blood glucose to see whether your neuropathy signs and symptoms could possibly be associated to type 2 diabetes, nutritional deficiencies, toxic elements, hereditary disorders, and evidence of an abnormal immune response. Your healthcare professional may also do a nerve biopsy, which normally involves removing a small segment of a sensory nerve to search for abnormalities, or even a skin biopsy to see if there’s a reduction in nerve endings.
To give yourself the best chance of an accurate diagnosis as well as relief from your neuropathy signs and symptoms, be prepared to describe everything you are experiencing in detail, even when you experience them, how long an episode persists, and the amount of pain, discomfort or loss of sensation or movement you experience. The more specific you are on the signs and symptoms you’re experiencing, the easier it’ll be for your doctor to understand what’s happening. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Sciatica
Sciatica is medically referred to as a collection of symptoms, rather than a single injury and/or condition. Symptoms of sciatic nerve pain, or sciatica, can vary in frequency and intensity, however, it is most commonly described as a sudden, sharp (knife-like) or electrical pain that radiates from the low back down the buttocks, hips, thighs and legs into the foot. Other symptoms of sciatica may include, tingling or burning sensations, numbness and weakness along the length of the sciatic nerve. Sciatica most frequently affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 50 years. It may often develop as a result of the degeneration of the spine due to age, however, the compression and irritation of the sciatic nerve caused by a bulging or herniated disc, among other spinal health issues, may also cause sciatic nerve pain.
Neuropathy affects about 8 percent of individuals over the age of 55. Your nervous system is composed of 2 parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The nerves of your peripheral nervous system transmit messages between your central nervous system, that is your brain and spinal cord, along with the rest of the body.
These nerves regulate a massive range of functions throughout the body, such as voluntary muscle movement, involving the motor nerves, involuntary organ action, through the autonomic nerves, and also the perception of stimuli, involving the sensory nerves. Peripheral neuropathy, which is often simply referred to as “neuropathy,” is a state that happens when your nerves become damaged or injured, often times simply disrupted. It’s estimated that neuropathy affects roughly 2.4 percent of the general populace and approximately 8 percent of people older than age 55. However, this quote doesn’t include people affected by neuropathy caused by physical trauma to the nerves.
Types of Neuropathy
Neuropathy can affect any of the three types of peripheral nerves:
Sensory nerves, which transmit messages from the sensory organs, such as the eyes, nose, etc., to your brain;
Motor nerves, which track the conscious movement of your muscles; and
Autonomic nerves, which regulate the involuntary functions of your own body.
Sometimes, neuropathy will only impact one nerve. This is medically referred to as mononeuropathy and instances of it include:
Ulnar neuropathy, which affects the elbow;
Radial neuropathy, which affects the arms;
Peroneal neuropathy, which affects the knees;
Femoral neuropathy, which affects the thighs; and
Cervical neuropathy, which affects the neck.
Sometimes, two or more isolated nerves in separate regions of the body can become damaged, injured or disrupted, resulting in mononeuritis multiplex neuropathy. Most often, however, multiple peripheral nerves malfunction at the same time, a condition called polyneuropathy. According to the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke, or the NINDS, there are over 100 kinds of peripheral neuropathies.
Dr. Alex Jimenez’s Insight
Neuropathy is medically defined as a disease or dysfunction of one or more peripheral nerves, accompanied by common symptoms of pain, weakness and numbness. The peripheral nerves are in charge of transmitting messages from the central nervous system, the brain and the spinal cord, to the rest of the body. Neuropathy can affect a wide array of nerves. It is also associated with numerous underlying medical conditions and it has been reported to affect approximately 20 million individuals in the United States alone. While physical trauma, infection or exposure to toxins can cause neuropathy, diabetes has been considered to be the most common cause for neuropathy.
Causes of Neuropathy
Neuropathies are often inherited from birth or they develop later in life. The most frequent inherited neuropathy is the neurological disease Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which affects 1 in 2,500 people in the USA. Although�healthcare professionals are sometimes not able to pinpoint the exact reason for an acquired neuropathy, medically referred to as idiopathic neuropathy, there are many known causes for them, including: systemic diseases, physical trauma, infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders.
A systemic disease is one which affects the whole body. The most frequent systemic cause behind peripheral neuropathy is diabetes, which can lead to chronically high blood glucose levels that harm nerves.
A number of other systemic issues can cause neuropathy, including:
Kidney disorders, which permit high levels of nerve-damaging toxic chemicals to flow in the blood;
Toxins from exposure to heavy metals, including arsenic, lead, mercury, and thallium;
Certain drugs and/or medications, including anti-cancer medications, anticonvulsants, antivirals, and antibiotics;
Chemical imbalances because of liver ailments;
Hormonal diseases, including hyperthyroidism, which disturbs metabolic processes, potentially inducing cells and body parts to exert pressure on the nerves;
Deficiencies in vitamins, such as E, B1 (thiamine), B6 (pyridoxine), B12, and niacin, that can be vital for healthy nerves;
Alcohol abuse, which induces vitamin deficiencies and might also directly harm nerves;
Cancers and tumors that exert damaging pressure on nerve fibers and pathways;
Chronic inflammation, which can damage protective tissues around nerves, which makes them more vulnerable to compression or vulnerable to getting inflamed and swollen; and
Blood diseases and blood vessel damage, which may damage or injure nerve tissue by decreasing the available oxygen supply.
Additionally, if a nerve suffers from isolated bodily injury, it can become damaged, resulting in neuropathy. Nerves may suffer a direct blow that severs, crushes, compresses, or stretching them, even to the point of detaching them from the spinal cord. Common causes for these injuries are automobile accidents, falls, and sports injuries.
Nerve damage can also arise from powerful pressure on a nerve, like from broken bones and poorly fitted casts. Prolonged pressure on a nerve can also cause neuropathy, as in carpal tunnel syndrome, which occurs when the median nerve at the wrist becomes pinched. Also, persistent physical stress could inflame muscles, tendons, and ligaments, placing substantial pressure on the nerves.
Numerous infections from bacteria and viruses can lead to neuropathy by attacking nerve tissues directly or indirectly, for instance:
HIV
Shingles
Epstein-Barr virus
Lyme disease
Diphtheria
Leprosy
In addition, various autoimmune disorders, in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys body tissue that is healthy, may result in nerve damage, including:
Peripheral neuropathy may result in several complications, as a result of disease or its symptoms. Numbness from the ailment can allow you to be less vulnerable to temperatures and pain, making you more likely to suffer from burns and serious wounds. The lack of sensations in the feet, for instance, can make you more prone to developing infections from minor traumatic accidents, particularly for diabetics, who heal more slowly than other people, including foot ulcers and gangrene.
Furthermore, muscle atrophy may cause you to develop particular physical disfigurements, such as pes cavus, a condition marked by an abnormally high foot arch, and claw-like deformities in the feet and palms. The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic as well as to spinal injuries and conditions. To discuss the subject matter, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez
Additional Topics: Sciatica
Sciatica is medically referred to as a collection of symptoms, rather than a single injury and/or condition. Symptoms of sciatic nerve pain, or sciatica, can vary in frequency and intensity, however, it is most commonly described as a sudden, sharp (knife-like) or electrical pain that radiates from the low back down the buttocks, hips, thighs and legs into the foot. Other symptoms of sciatica may include, tingling or burning sensations, numbness and weakness along the length of the sciatic nerve. Sciatica most frequently affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 50 years. It may often develop as a result of the degeneration of the spine due to age, however, the compression and irritation of the sciatic nerve caused by a bulging or herniated disc, among other spinal health issues, may also cause sciatic nerve pain.
Doctor of Chiropractic, Dr. Alexander Jimenez breaks down how pinched nerves cause back and neck pain.
You hear people say it a lot:
�I have a pinched nerve, and wow, it hurts.�
But what exactly is a pinched nerve? How does it cause back pain or neck pain? What are the symptoms of a pinched nerve�beyond pain? And most importantly, what can you do about a pinched nerve? Learn the basics of pinched nerves here.
Pinched Nerves: A Common Cause of Back & Neck Pain
What Is A Nerve?
Nerves are your body�s messengers. They transport signals to and from your brain�messages like �Move this toe� or �Ouch, that cactus needle really is sharp.� You have a central nervous system, which is made up of your brain and spinal cord. You also have a peripheral nervous system, which is the system of nerves that branches off the brain and spinal cord.
What Do Nerves Look Like?
If it helps, think of nerves like a garden hose (except they aren�t green). They have an outside membrane that transports those electrical messages. Inside nerves, there�s a fluid that nourishes and replenishes the outer membrane.
You�re Getting on My Nerves
When a nerve gets pinched, the messages and the nourishing fluid don�t flow quite as well as they should (still helpful to think of a garden hose here). A pinched nerve can start sending the �Ow, pain� message to the brain, and it can also have trouble communicating clear messages, possibly leading to weakness, numbness, or tingling.
What Can Pinch a Nerve?
As a nerve exits the spinal canal, it can be pinched by a herniated disc or a bone spur. Bone spurs, also known as osteophytes, are bony bumps that can develop on a spinal joint over time. They can push into the spinal nerve, as you can see in this illustration (red = pain generator, of course).
What Does a Pinched Nerve Feel Like?
A pinched nerve mostly feels like pain. If you have a pinched nerve in your low back, it can cause pain to travel (or radiate, in doctor-speak) down your leg. You may also know that as sciatica. A pinched nerve in the neck can create pain that shoots down your arm. Other symptoms of pinched nerves include muscle spasms, burning, tingling, and a hot/cold sensation.
Now the Good Stuff: Pinched Nerve Treatments
Pinched nerve treatments fall into two categories: what you can do at home (self-care) and what your doctor may prescribe for you.
Pinched Nerve Self-care #1: Heat and Ice
Heat and ice can work wonders on a pinched nerve. Switch between 20 minutes of heat and 20 minutes of ice�and remember that you shouldn�t put the heat and ice packs directly on your skin.
Pinched Nerve Self-care #2: Get a Massage
The muscles around a pinched nerve can become tight, so having a professional massage therapist work the painful area can bring pain relief. You may also consider a handheld massager.
Pinched Nerve Self-care #3: Take a Walk
Let�s say it�s your low back�a pinched nerve in your low back�that�s hurting you. A nice, easy stroll is a good way to stay active and address your pain. Gone are the days of extended bed rest for back pain: doctors now are more likely to recommend you exercise and stretch to help relieve your pain.
When Should You Call a Doctor?
If you try the self-care thing and yet your pinched nerve pain persists, you should consider calling the doctor. If you�ve been in pain for more than a couple of days, schedule an appointment. You should also call the doctor if you experience a very sudden onset of weakness, or if you experience profound numbness. Losing bowel and/or bladder control is also a good reason to call the doctor.
How a Doctor Treats a Pinched Nerve
The doctor will try to diagnose the cause of your pinched nerve, and then the doctor will be able to develop a treatment plan. That plan may include prescription pain medications, physical therapy, or cortisone injections. But keep this in mind: the treatment plan will be specifically tailored for you, and it�s in your best interest to follow it closely.
Interesting Facts About Peripheral Neuropathy That You Need To Know
Almost everyone is well aware of what peripheral neuropathy means as well as its symptoms. However, many people will be surprised to know that tingling sensation, numbness and pain aren�t the only symptoms experienced by people with peripheral neuropathy. The symptoms of this condition are subjective to the type of nerve that is being affected. The three main types of nerves include motor, sensory and autonomic nerve; each having its own symptoms.
People diagnosed with diabetes must be very careful when it comes to taking all the necessary precautions of peripheral neuropathy. According to top researches, estimates of 70 percent of diabetic patients tend to develop one or more symptoms of neuropathy. While some of the medications may help improve the condition of neuropathy, many medications have the tendency to worsen the situation. Moreover, medications to treat other diseases like cancer are likely to cause nerve damage that leads to peripheral neuropathy.
It is essential for people with this condition to not take the simple symptoms like numbness lightly as it can cause some serious problems with time. For example, if you are feeling a sensation of numbness on your feet then you will not realize it if you even step on a broken glass. For this reason, you must never ignore even the simplest of the symptoms as it can lead to severe results. You must visit http://www.neuropathycure.org for more details.
Unfortunately, there is no treatment of peripheral neuropathy that can completely diminish the matter. The treatments of medication and therapy can only contain the symptoms as well as improve the condition so that the individual suffering can be relived from intense pain and agitation. For this reason, you must not get your hopes up with the prescribed medical treatment.
This entry was posted in Health.
The Four Big Myths About Neuropathy
Can you recall the first time you were told you might suffer from neuropathy?
Chances are unless you already knew someone who suffered from neuropathy � you didn�t know much about the condition. You�ve likely learned quite a bit about the condition since then � but you no doubt came across false or misleading information along the way.
The truth is, there are still a lot of misleading rumors and false information about neuropathy out there. In fact � you may be surprised to learn that some of the information you�ve picked up over the years may not be completely true.
I�ve encountered a number of half-truths and misleading facts over the years. While some are harmless, others can send you down the wrong path or prevent you from getting the best treatment for your nerve damage. To help dispel these myths, I�ve put together a list of four half-truths, misleading rumors, and other misconceptions about neuropathy that a lot of people still believe.
Myth #1 � Nerve Damage is Irreversible:
You may have been told at some point that your nerve damage is irreversible. The truth is, it largely depends on the cause and severity of your nerve damage. No one case is the same � but for many people, their nerve damage can in fact be slowed and even reversed. This is especially true for those suffering from diabetic neuropathy or nerve damage resulting from a vitamin B12 deficiency.
For those with diabetic neuropathy, managing blood sugar is the single most effective step one can take to both slow and reverse nerve damage. For those whose neuropathy was a result of a vitamin B12 deficiency, replenishing the body�s B12 reserves can both repair and regenerate damaged nerves.
Of course, those with diabetic neuropathy or a B12 deficiency aren�t the only ones who can hold on to the hope of reversing their nerve damage. With the right treatment, I�ve seen individuals with various different causes of their neuropathy experience nerve regeneration and a reduction (and even elimination) of their symptoms.
Myth #2 � Only people with diabetes develop neuropathy
While it�s true that around 70% of people with diabetes will also develop neuropathy, it isn�t the only cause of nerve damage. There are a number of other causes, affecting people from all walks of life. A list of known causes of neuropathy include:
There is no prescription medication on the market that �cures� neuropathy. In fact, many of the neuropathy drugs on the market today were originally intended for other medical conditions, such as epilepsy.
Rather than cure neuropathy, the prescription drugs on the market today are designed to mask the pain. They act as a volume knob, temporarily turning down the pain levels � but eventually wearing off. As such, the user never gets permanent, lasting relief.
Not only that, but some independent studies have shown most of the common neuropathy prescriptions on the market today to be �largely ineffective�. In one study published by the Cochrane Library in 2015, researchers found that only 1 in 10 patients taking anti-seizure medications for nerve pain experienced a reduction in pain. And of the 10% that did have a reduction in pain, the reduction was minimal.
Myth #4 � Tingling, Numbness and Shooting Pains Are the Only Symptoms of Neuropathy
While these are the most common symptoms associated with neuropathy, there are many other problems that can manifest themselves if you�re suffering from nerve damage. Depending on the type of nerves that have been damaged, your symptoms could range from tingling sensations in the hands or feet to heartburn or indigestion.
Your peripheral nervous system has three types of nerves: sensory, motor, and autonomic. Each has a different function and the symptoms of your nerve damage will vary depending on which of these nerve types was damaged. In some cases only one type of nerve may be damaged, while in others multiple nerve types may have been compromised.
Common Symptoms of Nerve Damage (based on nerve type):
Sensory:
Pins and needle-like pain (sharp, painful sensations)
Tingling or numbness
Extreme sensitivity to touch
Motor:
Loss of balance
Muscle weakness
Loss of muscle control (i.e. difficulty gripping things, difficulty walking)
Cramps or twitching
Autonomic:
Dizziness when standing
Abnormal heart rate
Shortness of breath
Excessive sweating
Lack of sweat
Digestive problems
Bladder problems
Vision Problems
While there are many other myths and misleading facts floating around out there � these are four of the ones I�ve encountered most often in my years helping people suffering from neuropathy. Some of them can be more harmful than others � depriving the person that has fallen for them of the real information that could make a difference in their life.
What myths or misleading information have you been told over the years � only to discover the truth later on?
Did you ever let your foot fall asleep and suffer first from numbness and then from a tingling, pins-and-needles sensation while it �awakened�? People with peripheral neuropathy suffer from those types of sensations all the time. And there�s growing evidence that peripheral neuropathy is linked with celiac disease and gluten sensitivity.
The Prevalence of Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy is a condition that occurs from damaged nerves in the arms, legs, hands, and feet. Commonly, symptoms experienced as a result of this are numbness, tingling, burning, and pain. The condition has a number of different causes, such as, diabetes, chemotherapy, statin medications, disc herniation and traumas, toxic metal exposure, chronic alcohol consumption and vitamin deficiencies. Now, however, scientists have linked peripheral nerve damage to gluten sensitivity and celiac disease.
Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye, spelt, kamut and barley. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder that wreaks havoc on the digestive tract. When a person afflicted with celiac�s eats even the tiniest bit of gluten it causes damage to the small intestine and interferes with nutrient absorption. In many cases, the inability to absorb nutrients can stunt growth, weaken bones and damage peripheral nerves resulting in neuropathy.
Celiac disease affects one out of every 100 people throughout the world. In America, two-and-a-half million Americans are undiagnosed and at risk for serious health problems, according to the Celiac Foundation. If it goes untreated, after a while a person can develop disorders like type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, dermatitis herpetiformis (itchy skin rash), anemia, osteoporosis, infertility, miscarriage, neurological conditions like epilepsy, migraines, short stature, intestinal cancers, and now nerve damage.
It was approximately five years ago that researchers first discovered a possible link between celiac disease and neuropathy. A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association Neurology has found celiac disease patients are at an increased risk for nerve damage. �It�s quite a high figure, compared to many other outcomes in celiac disease,� the study�s coauthor Dr. Jonas Ludvigsson, a pediatrician and professor at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden, said in a statement. �There is a real association between celiac disease and neuropathy� [and] we have precise risk estimates in a way we haven�t had before.�
Furthermore, Swedish researchers studied medical records between 1969 and 2008 from over 28,000 patients with celiac disease and compared them to 139,000 people who were never diagnosed with the autoimmune disorder. Those with celiac disease were 2.5 times more likely to suffer from nerve damage also known as neuropathy.
Meanwhile, non-celiac gluten sensitivity is a newly-recognized condition, and physicians who are performing research on this topic say tingling and numbness in the extremities represents one of the most common gluten sensitivity symptoms.
In another study, researchers screened 215 patients with peripheral neuropathy. A total of 140 of these had �idiopathic neuropathy,� meaning there was no apparent medical reason for their peripheral neuropathy.
The researchers tested those 140 people for antibodies to gluten using two celiac disease blood tests, the AGA-IgA test and the AGA-IgG test. Although these tests are not thought to be very specific to celiac disease, they can detect if your body views gluten as an invader and is generating antibodies against the protein.
Thirty-four percent of those tested � 47 people � had high antibodies to gluten in one or both of those tests, compared with a 12% rate of high antibodies to gluten in the overall population.
The researchers also performed endoscopies and biopsies on those people in the study suspected to have celiac disease, and found that 9% of those in the �unexplained neuropathy� group actually had celiac. The celiac disease genes � i.e., HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 � were found in 80% of all peripheral neuropathy patients.
Celiac, Gluten Sensitivity Symptoms & Neuropathy
New research has revealed that peripheral neuropathy actually is one of the most common non-digestive symptoms of celiac disease, and gluten sensitivities, according to the University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center. In fact, it�s possible to have no noticeable gastrointestinal symptoms of celiac disease, but instead to have mainly peripheral neuropathy and other neurological symptoms.
Researchers analyzed medical records of over 28,000 patients with biopsy-confirmed celiac disease and then they followed up with all the study participants after a median of 10 years to see if they had developed nerve damage. They found that those with celiac disease had a 2.5-fold increased risk of developing nerve damage over a period of time as compared to the control population.
How Gluten Sensitivity Causes Nerve Damage
Neurological symptoms such as peripheral neuropathy, migraines and brain fog are even more common in non-celiac gluten sensitivity, according to Harvard Medical School�s Dr. Alessio Fasano, one of the lead researchers in the field of gluten sensitivity. Dr. Fasano says up to 30% of people he�s diagnosed with gluten sensitivity have neurological symptoms � a much larger percentage than people with neurological symptoms in celiac disease.
Dr. Fasano: Gluten Sensitivity May Affect 6% to 7% Overall
Dr. Fasano, director of the University of Maryland Center for Celiac Research, published the first study looking at the molecular basis for gluten sensitivity and how it differs from celiac disease. He also participated in the research concluding that celiac disease incidence is one in every 133 people.
According to Dr. Fasano, gluten sensitivity potentially affects far more people than celiac disease. He estimates about 6% to 7% of the U.S. population may be gluten-sensitive, meaning some 20 million people in the United States alone could be sensitive to gluten.
Symptoms of gluten sensitivity in this population can include digestive problems, headaches, rashes and eczema-like skin symptoms, brain fog, fatigue, and peripheral neuropathy. Almost one-third of those he�s diagnosed as gluten-sensitive report brain fog and headaches as symptoms, he says.
Dr. Ford and Dr. Fine Say Percentage Could Be Far Higher � Up To 50%
Dr. Ford, a pediatrician in Christchurch, New Zealand and author of The Gluten Syndrome, says he believes the percentage of people who are gluten-sensitive actually could be much higher � potentially between 30% and 50%.
�There are so many people who are sick,� he says. �At least 10% are gluten-sensitive, and it�s probably more like 30%. I was sticking my neck out years ago when I said at least 10% of the population is gluten-sensitive. My medical colleagues were saying gluten sensitivity didn�t exist. We�ll probably find it�s more than 50% when we finally settle on a number.�
Dr. Fine, a gastroenterologist who founded and directs the gluten sensitivity testing service Enterolab, agrees that gluten sensitivity probably affects half the population.
Another large percentage of Americans have autoimmune disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic headaches and/or microscopic colitis, which place them at high risk for gluten sensitivity. About 60% to 65% of people with those conditions test positive for gluten sensitivity through Enterolab, Meanwhile, about 20% to 25% of people with no symptoms are diagnosed with gluten sensitivity based on Enterolab testing results, says Dr. Fine.
�When we did the math, we came up with the number of about one in two are gluten-sensitive,� he says.
Neuropathy Found in People with Gluten Sensitivity
A study published in 2010 in the journal of Neurology found that a gluten free diet led to stabilization of the neuropathy for many of the patients in this study.
Over the past many years, gluten has been shown to induce an autoimmune antibody response to nerve cells, myelin sheath (protective coating around nerves, as well as receptor sites on cells that bind neurotransmitters (chemicals that allow nerves to communicate).
It has also been discovered that gluten can contribute to the breakdown of the blood brain barrier. This allows chemical toxins to leak into the blood supply of the brain itself .
In addition, it has become a well researched fact that Gluten sensitivity can damage the gut inducing malabsorption of vitamins and minerals (such as vitamins B1 and B12). Gluten sensitivity has been linked to the following list of neurologic conditions:
So it goes without saying, if you have been diagnosed with Celiac disease or gluten sensitivity/intolerance or if you suspect you may have these conditions, going gluten free is imperative for the health of your nerves and your GI tract. If you are unsure, then try the � GLUTEN FREE FOR 3 � challenge. Go completely gluten free for just 3 days and keep a journal to log in how you feel and sleep during those 3 days. If you feel better, overall, then chances are high that you are gluten sensitive.
For more information, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .
Additional Topics: Early Intervention After Auto Injury
When a person is involved in an unexpected automobile accident, the most common type of injury which often results from the incident is whiplash. Whiplash is identified as a neck injury caused by the sudden, back-and-forth motion of the head during a car crash. Whiplash can cause a variety of symptoms and complications if left untreated, which is why seeking medical treatment immediately after being involved in an auto accident is essential in order to help people recover quickly without developing further issues.
Neurotoxins are substances which can interfere with nerve cells by overstimulating them to death or interrupting the electrical activities of nerves and their communication process, altering the normal function of the nervous system.
Common symptoms associated with the consumption of neurotoxins can manifest immediately after ingestion or they may be delayed. Symptoms include: weakness in the extremities; tingling sensations or numbness; memory loss; loss of vision and/or intellect; uncontrollable obsessive and/or compulsive behaviors; delusions; headaches; cognitive and behavioral issues; and sexual dysfunction. Also, people with certain types of disorders can be more vulnerable to these substances.
Research studies have demonstrated that neurotoxins can shorten the life span of nerve cells. In addition, these substances have been associated with the development of brain disorders, peripheral neuropathy as well as neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer�s, Huntington�s Chorea and Parkinson�s disease.
To make matters worse, the availability of neurotoxins has increased dramatically within the last few decades. A majority of the neurotoxins our bodies absorb are found in the food we eat and the water we drink. Even worse, these can also be found in baby food.
Neurotoxins In Food
If you have children, it’s important to be aware of the following ten neurotoxins listed below. Because kid’s bodies are still developing, they are often the most vulnerable to the effects of consuming these dangerous substances. The majority of food products that contain neurotoxins are listed on their ingredients list. Processed foods, such as chips and candy, are generally supplied with a load of neurotoxins. It’s best to avoid consuming any food or drink containing the following neurotoxins listed below.
10 Neurotoxins To Avoid
Aspartame (best known as Equal, AminoSweet, NutraSweet and Spoonful):�This substance is very commonly added to sugar-free products, such as sugar-free gums and drinks. Most aspartame is made from the fecal matter of genetically modified bacteria. Research studies have associated the consumption of aspartame to migraines, obesity,�kidney failure, blindness, seizures,�neurological disorders, mental illness, brain tumors and diabetes.
Monosodium glutamate (also known as MSG or sodium glutamate):�This substance is common in junk food, fast food and most restaurant food, canned food and even in baby food. Independent researchers believe that ingesting MSG, or monosodium glutamate, plays a considerable role in the development of neurodegenerative brain diseases, including Alzheimer�s, Parkinson�s and Huntington�s disease. MSG is frequently disguised on ingredient labels under alternative names like hydrolyzed, or vegetable protein, plant protein extract, sodium caseinate, calcium caseinate, yeast extract, textured protein, TVP, autolyzed yeast, carrageenan, malt extract, malt flavouring, bouillon, seasonings, spices and natural flavoring.
Sucralose (or Splenda):�This artificial sweetener alternative is very popular in sugar-free products, especially sugar-free drinks. Sucralose was accidentally discovered during a research focused on creating a new insecticide, which is why some researchers propose that sucralose should be listed in the insecticide category. Sucralose has been identified as a chlorinated compound. When the body breaks down this type of chlorinated compound, it releases toxic chemicals into the bloodstream.
Aluminum: This type of metal can frequently be found in our drinking water as well as in over-the-counter antacids and vaccines. Aluminum is a difficult substance for the body to absorb, however, citrate or citric acid tremendously increases its absorption. Vaccines are some of the highest factors which contribute to aluminum toxicity, primarily because the aluminum is injected directly into the body.
Mercury:�This heavy metal is common in fish products, vaccines and amalgam fillings, also referred to as silver fillings. Mercury can be found in our drinking water as well. Mercury has been identified to be one of the most toxic neurotoxins because it destroys brain tissue.
Fluoride (sodium fluoride): This substance is very commonly found in drinking water and conventional toothpaste. Fluoride was utilized to exterminate rats before it was introduced into consumer products. The fluoride used for the products we consume is a mixture of a variety of chemicals which can be hazardous to the body. Not to be confused with the natural calcium fluoride, sodium fluoride can be found listed on the warning labels of fluoridated toothpaste products.
Hydrolyzed vegetable protein:�This harmful food ingredient is very common in certain junk foods. Hydrolyzed vegetable protein contains high concentrations of the substances glutamate and aspartate. In high levels, glutamate and aspartate can overstimulate nerve cells.
Calcium caseinate:�This substance is frequently found in the ingredient list of many protein supplements, energy bars and junk food. Due to its harmful properties, this neurotoxin can damage the brain and cause other neurological issues.
Sodium caseinate:�This type of protein is common in dairy products and junk food. It has been associated to the development of gastrointestinal complications and has even been linked to autism.
Yeast extract:�A popular food ingredients in many processed foods, such as canned food. It is also toxic to the brain.
Sugar: The Most Common Neurotoxin�
While the above mentioned neurotoxins can be commonly found in higher concentrations on a majority of the foods we eat today, there is one substance that people consume more frequently than all the others: sugar or table sugar. Refined sugar is not as toxic as aspartame but it can be toxic enough to cause considerable harm to the body when it’s consumed on a regular basis.
When you eat a fruit, for instance, you are not just ingesting sugar and water, but also synergistic components, such as mineral activators, enzymes, co-vitamin helpers and fiber. It’s these components that help the body effectively metabolize all the nutrients of the fruit.
Without the help of these synergistic components, sugar cannot be metabolized safely. In fact, certain elements of the sugar are broken down into toxic chemicals instead. When the body metabolizes refined sugar, toxic metabolites are released into the body. These metabolites can then considerably impair the respiration process of the cells.
Other Common Neurotoxins
Other common neurotoxins which can be found in some of the favorite processed foods we consume are chemical food additives, preservatives and sweeteners. Numerous research studies�have been conducted on food additives and their toxic, damaging affect on the nerve cells in our body. Brain cells and the peripheral nerves are the most affected by these substances, which can also have a cumulative effect on the body over time.
Monosodium glutamate, or MSG, and artificial sweeteners can gradually cause considerable damage to nerve cells, which may lead to peripheral neuropathy or even worse, Alzheimer�s disease. Yet, these ingredients are found in the foods and beverages we consume daily. The average household has diet beverages, salad dressings, canned soups, condiments, crackers, junk food and many other of these types of foods and drinks. Even baby foods contain many of these neurotoxins.
Whether or not you suffer from any neurological dysfunction, everyone should avoid consuming these harmful chemicals. Over a period of decades, they can cause, not only peripheral neuropathy but, damage to brain cells as well, leading to memory loss, confusion, dementia, including Alzheimer�s and other serious neurological diseases such as Parkinsons.
A variety of favorite processed foods Americans consume today have added refined sugars and artificial sweeteners, among additives and preservatives, which can be harmful to the body. However, most of the foods and drinks people eat today commonly contain some of the most harmful substances for the brain and nerves, neurotoxins.
For more information, please feel free to ask Dr. Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900 .�
Neck pain is characterized as the most prevalent symptom after being involved in an automobile accident. During an auto collision, the body is exposed to a sheer amount of force due to the high speed impact, causing the head and neck to jolt abruptly back-and-forth as the rest of the body remains in place. This often results in the damage or injury of the cervical spine and its surrounding tissues, leading to neck pain and other common symptoms associated with whiplash-related disorders.
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