The MTHFR or methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is well-known due to a genetic mutation that may cause high homocysteine levels and low folate levels in the bloodstream, among other essential nutrients. Healthcare professionals believe that a variety of health issues, such as inflammation, may be associated with an MTHFR gene mutation. In the following article, we will discuss the MTHFR gene mutation and how it can ultimately affect your overall health.
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What is an MTHFR Gene Mutation?
People can have single or multiple mutations, as well as neither, on the MTHFR gene. The different mutations are often referred to as “variants”. A variant occurs when the DNA of a specific part of a gene is different or varies from person to person. People that have a heterozygous or single variant of the MTHFR gene mutation have a decreased risk of developing health issues like inflammation and chronic pain, among other diseases. Moreover, healthcare professionals also believe that people that have homozygous or multiple variants of the MTHFR gene mutation may ultimately have an increased risk of disease. There are two MTHFR gene mutation variants. These specific variants include:
C677T. Approximately 30 to 40 percent of people in the United States have a mutation at gene position C677T. About 25 percent of Hispanics and about 10 to 15 percent of Caucasians are homozygous for this variant.
A1298C. There are limited research studies for this variant. A 2004 study focused on 120 blood donors of Irish heritage. Of the donors, 56 or 46.7 percent were heterozygous for this variant and 11 or 14.2 percent were homozygous.
Both C677T and A1298C. It�s also possible for people to have both C677T and A1298C MTHFR gene mutation variations, which includes one copy of each.
What are the Symptoms of an MTHFR Gene Mutation?
Symptoms of an MTHFR gene mutation can be different from person to person and from variant to variant. It’s important to remember that further research around MTHFR gene mutation variants and their effects on health are still needed. Evidence regarding how MTHFR gene mutation variants are associated with a variety of other health issues is currently lacking or it has been disproven. Conditions that have been suggested to be associated with MTHFR variants include:
anxiety
depression
bipolar disorder
schizophrenia
migraines
chronic pain and fatigue
nerve pain
recurrent miscarriages in women of child-bearing age
pregnancies with neural tube defects, like spina bifida and anencephaly
cardiovascular and thromboembolic diseases (blood clots, stroke, embolism, and heart attacks)
acute leukemia
colon cancer
What is the MTHFR Diet?
According to healthcare professionals, eating foods with high amounts of folate may help naturally support low folate levels in the bloodstream associated with MTHFR gene mutation variants.�Good food choices can include:
fruits, such as strawberries, raspberries, grapefruit, cantaloupe, honeydew, banana.
juices like orange, canned pineapple, grapefruit, tomato, or other vegetable juice
veggies, such as spinach, asparagus, lettuce, beets, broccoli, corn, Brussels sprouts, and bok choy
proteins, including cooked beans, peas, and lentils
peanut butter
sunflower seeds
People with MTHFR gene mutations may also want to avoid eating foods that have the synthetic form of folate, folic acid, however, the evidence is not clear if that�s beneficial or necessary. Supplementation may still be recommended for people with MTHFR gene mutation variants. Furthermore, always make sure to check the labels of the foods you buy, as this vitamin is added to many enriched grains like pasta, cereals, bread, and commercially produced flours.
For information regarding the MTHFR and its effects on health issues like cancer, please review this article:
MTHFR, or methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, gene mutations may cause high homocysteine levels and low folate levels in the bloodstream. We believe that a variety of health issues, such as inflammation, may be associated with an MTHFR gene mutation. People can have single or multiple MTHFR gene mutations, as well as neither. The different mutations are often referred to as “variants”. People that have a heterozygous or single variant of the MTHFR gene mutation have a decreased risk of developing health issues like inflammation and chronic pain. Moreover, doctors also believe that people that have homozygous or multiple variants of the MTHFR gene mutation may ultimately have an increased risk of disease. The two MTHFR gene mutation variants are�C677T, A1298C, or both C677T and A1298C. Symptoms of an MTHFR gene mutation can be different from person to person and from variant to variant. Following what is referred to as the MTHFR diet can ultimately help improve overall health in people with MTHFR gene mutation variants. Also, adding these foods into a smoothie can be an easy way to add them into your diet. – Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insights
Protein Power Smoothie
Serving: 1 Cook time: 5 minutes
� 1 scoop protein powder
� 1 tablespoon ground flaxseed
� 1/2 banana
� 1 kiwi, peeled
� 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
� Pinch of cardamom
� Non-dairy milk or water, enough to achieve desired consistency
Blend all ingredients in a high-powered blender until completely smooth. Best served immediately!
Leafy Greens Hold the Key to Gut Health
A unique type of sugar found in leafy greens can help feed our beneficial gut bacteria. Sulfoquinovose (SQ) is the only known sugar molecule to be made up of sulfur, an extremely essential mineral in the human body. The human body uses sulfur to produce enzymes, proteins, and a variety of hormones as well as antibodies for our cells. A fast and easy way to get leafy greens into your diet is to toss a couple of handfuls of them into a delicious smoothie!
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, and sensitive health issues and/or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our posts, topics, subjects and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate and support directly or indirectly our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We also make copies of supporting research studies available to the board and or the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require additional explanation as how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900. The provider(s) Licensed in Texas*& New Mexico*�
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T.
References:
Marcin, Ashley. �What You Need to Know About the MTHFR Gene.� Healthline, Healthline Media, 6 Sept. 2019, www.healthline.com/health/mthfr-gene#variants.
Those who like to jog or run say there is nothing like the feeling of jogging and running. The breeze all around, the sound of feet hitting the pavement, and the accomplishment felt after. Jogging and running can generate empowerment that makes individuals feel like they’re on top of the world. Until back pain rears its ugly head.
Many individuals with back pain see no alternative and so give up trying to jog or run and just forget the whole thing. However, it is possible to be a successful runner and hold down a jogging/running regiment, even with back pain. �
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Jogging and Running
Running can be highly beneficial for those with back pain. Aerobic exercise is considered a form of effective treatment for low back pain. Other studies have found that runners have stronger spines. An article published in Scientific Reports looked at the intervertebral�discs in joggers/runners, as well as, non-joggers/runners. The joggers/runners had healthier intervertebral�discs.
Running can be quite helpful to those having trouble with mechanical back pain. Mechanical means an individual has a structurally sound spine but has a job/ that creates force/s that can damage tissues, which results in back pain. Often, those with back problems have a weak:
Core
Front
Back
� Jogging and running can help strengthen the core along with weight loss and improved fitness will definitely benefit the spine/back. Jogging and running increases endorphins. This is great for the brain and mood and decreases overall general pain.
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Individuals that should not be jogging or running
It does not mean these individuals cannot jog or run. But because of underlying conditions, they need to talk to their doctor first and may have to take extra precautions.
Back pain can be mechanical or structural. If the spine has a structural problem, then jogging or running might not be the best option for a therapeutic exercise regiment/program. This can be dangerous as any added stress placed on an abnormal spine could worsen symptoms, instead of helping to reduce back pain. It could even worsen the condition. This is where the proper spine treatment is directed by a doctor, spine specialist, chiropractor, or physical therapist.
� If the back pain is mechanical, there are ways to work in a running program while keeping the back safe. Usually, this means stretching out, getting physical therapy, and applying heat, and ice. These can all help while being able to jog and run.
Lace-up, make sure there is plenty of water and hit the neighborhood, trail, pathway, etc. However, running with back pain is not the most optimal way to jog or run. Here are some ways to get the full benefits from the experience.
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Stretching Out
Stretching is highly beneficial not only to runners, but everyone, especially those with back pain, which is why stretching before and after jogging and running is extremely important.
The hamstrings, quadriceps, groin, and calf muscles definitely need to be stretched out. These are the legs muscles and need to be loose and ready to move. The thigh muscles are all directly connected to the pelvis and hip. If they are not properly stretched it can affect pelvic tilt and generate low back tightness.
The calf muscles are not directly connected, but the body is a kinetic chain, which means that the body works as a whole unit. For example, let’s say an individual has a tight calf or Achilles tendon. This can change stride length, which can then affect the hamstrings, hips, and back. Icing the back after a jog or run will reduce back pain and inflammation. �
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Ease Into The Routine
Experienced runners know all too well that literally hitting the ground and taking off results inpain and injuries. First-time joggers/runners, as well as those coming back to jogging or running need to take it low and slow. This means to gradually ease into a jogging/running routine rather than trying for ten miles right away.
Go for reasonable goals that can be accomplished. This will increase the likelihood to stay with it and continue. This goes for new runners or joggers/runners making a return. Gradually increasing distance and speed is the safest approach. Gradual increases in the jog or run allow for positive and progressive gains.
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Mix In Other Workouts
Cross-fit training can help the body take a break when carrying out a running program. Cross-fit training involves:
Swimming
Biking
Weights
A comprehensive exercise program should include resistance training and cardiovascular exercises. Only want to stick to only running and nothing else then change distances and speeds on a regular basis. Changing running workouts frequently will help to avoid overuse injuries.
Overuse injuries can stop an exercise routine cold. Therefore, making sure that the body gets the proper amount rest between jogs, runs, and workouts is crucial for the therapy to work, to eventually alleviate back pain. �
Proper Equipment
Throwing on a pair of old sneakers and jogging out the door is not the way to go. Improper shoes could exacerbate the back pain/condition and even create new injury/s. Therefore choosing the proper jogging and running equipment will prevent injuries and back pain.
Shoes, braces, and orthotics do make a difference. Just like using the right tool for a job makes a difference. Especially, when using a cheap knock-off that breaks or falls apart. It is the same with exercise equipment/gear. For the low back, a neoprene belt can help the low back remain loose by providing heat and spine support.
Shoes and orthotics are important, but be sure to know foot size and type. Otherwise, they could worsen back pain or cause another injury. Effectively utilizing them, a runner should get a custom foot orthotic/s sizing. Because every person is unique, functional custom foot orthotics can help balance a person�s unique body structure. Dr. Jimenez can help provide functional custom foot orthotics to patients who want to improve back pain. For example, some things to consider:
Some choices depend on the constant surface the runner is on, like cement, pavement, trail, or dirt road. Specialty running shoe stores can provide a foot strike analysis to find the shoes that are best matched for your physical needs. �
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Feel That, Your Body’s Telling You Something
Experienced athletes, especially runners know how to listen to their bodies. If an injury is acting up they take the necessary time off to heal properly before re-starting the regiment. For those with back pain, this is especially important during the program.
If back pain presents mid-run, it is recommended to slow down. If that doesn�t bring relief then stop and stretch. And if that does not help then stop the workout altogether. It could be nothing and all that is needed is more rest before starting up again. But if it persists then check with your doctor, chiropractor, or physical therapist to re-evaluate the program, as there could be some changes/adjustments that need addressing.
It does not matter, whether it is back pain, shin splints, or plantar fasciitis, the point is to listen to your body. Pain that lingers on or wakes you out of sleep should be checked out.
Chiropractors On Metabolic Syndrome & Inflammation
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Dr. Alex Jimenez�s Blog Post Disclaimer
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, and sensitive health issues and/or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate and support directly or indirectly our clinical scope of practice.*
Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We also make copies of supporting research studies available to the board and or the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation as to how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900. The provider(s) Licensed in Texas& New Mexico
Calories are defined as a measurement of the energy our body produces from the foods we eat. However, not all calories are created equal. If we were to eat nothing but spoonfuls of sugar all-day, by way of instance, our health would tremendously deteriorate because there simply aren’t enough nutrients in those calories from sugar. The human body needs a variety of nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and many other compounds in order to function properly.
The foods we eat are made up of calories as well as complex mixtures of nutrients, fiber, and additives. This can ultimately affect the hormones that regulate our hunger, known as leptin, and those that manage how we burn or store calories to be used for energy, known as insulin. Our bodies are naturally programmed to protect us against long-term starvation by storing excess calories as fat. Eating “bad” calories in excess amounts can ultimately lead to obesity.
In a research study, a group of people was given the same amount of calories but from different food sources. The participants had no significant weight gain, regardless of whether the calories were from carbohydrates, proteins, fats, or any other combination of nutrients. However, environmental factors, such as an individual’s hormonal balance, emotions, and cravings were not taken into consideration. It’s important to understand how calories can affect your health.
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Good Calories vs Bad Calories
Excess calories from processed foods are stored as fat which can lead to obesity. In the United States, obesity is the main cause of health issues like insulin resistance. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. It is naturally produced in the pancreas and helps move excess glucose from the bloodstream into the cells to be used for energy. When the pancreas recognizes high blood sugar levels, it creates more insulin to reduce glucose.
However, this can diminish the pancreas of insulin-producing cells which can eventually cause insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity. If the pancreas can’t produce enough insulin, it can lead to prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Excess calories from sugar and processed foods can also cause inflammation which may also lead to chronic pain. So what can we do to prevent these health issues? The answer is simple: eat complex carbohydrates, lean protein, and healthy fats.
Replace highly processed carbohydrates that can increase blood sugar levels and insulin, with vegetables, beans, and whole grains. When it comes to eating complex carbohydrates like whole grains, the less processed the better! Consider eating stone-ground whole wheat, quinoa, oats, and brown rice. Then, choose lean proteins, such as fish and chicken. as well as healthy fats that come from plant sources, such as nuts, olive oil, and avocado, among others.
Below, we will compare the calories in common foods and drinks to demonstrate the differences and similarities in good calories vs bad calories:�
Can you tell which are the good calories and which are the bad calories? It�s important to follow the principle of �clean eating� and choose unprocessed foods in the purest forms instead of processed foods. This includes foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, or eggs. You can eat these foods without worrying too much about your daily caloric intake limit. Eating a variety of these is essential in order to provide your body with the nutrients it needs to function properly.
Bad calories include processed foods which follow exactly the opposite principle of “clean eating”. Foods with high amounts of sugar and fast food offers you almost no nutrients but a lot of what we call “empty calories”. If you�re trying to lose weight to manage insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes, you�ll have to pay attention to your �bad� calorie intake.
For more information regarding the effects of good calories vs bad calories on obesity, please review this article:Is the calorie concept a real solution to the obesity epidemic?
Our body needs nutrients, vitamins, minerals, and many other compounds from calories in order to function properly. Calories are a measurement of the energy our body produces from the foods we eat. But, not all calories are created equal. Eating bad calories vs good calories can affect the hormones that regulate our hunger and those that manage how we burn or store calories to be used for energy. Moreover, eating “bad” calories in excess amounts can cause obesity. It’s important to understand how calories can affect your health. In the United States, obesity is the main cause of health issues like insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Excess bad calories can also cause inflammation which may cause chronic pain. Eating complex carbohydrates, lean protein, and healthy fats can help people lose weight and prevent as well as control health issues like insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Learning to identify good calories and bad calories is a helpful strategy for people who want to improve their overall health. Adding healthy foods to a smoothie can also be a fast and easy way to include good calories into your diet. – Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insights
Zesty Beet Juice
Servings: 1Cook time: 5-10 minutes
� 1 grapefruit, peeled and sliced
� 1 apple, washed and sliced
� 1 whole beet, and leaves if you have them, washed and sliced
� 1-inch knob of ginger, rinsed, peeled and chopped
Juice all ingredients in a high-quality juicer. Best served immediately.
Add Nasturtium to Your Smoothies
Adding nasturtium flowers and leaves to any smoothie can add extra nutrients. These lovely plants are easy to grow and the entire plant is edible. Nasturtium leaves are high in vitamin C, which is essential for a healthy immune system, and they also contain calcium, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, and iron. According to healthcare professionals, the extract from the flowers and leaves have antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, expectorant, and anticancer effects. Antioxidants in garden nasturtium occur due to its high content of compounds such as anthocyanins, polyphenols, and vitamin C. Due to its rich phytochemical content and unique elemental composition, the garden nasturtium may be used in the treatment of a variety of health issues, including respiratory and digestive problems. Not to mention, the flowers and leaves look absolutely lovely in smoothies.
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, and sensitive health issues and/or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our posts, topics, subjects and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate and support directly or indirectly our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We also make copies of supporting research studies available to the board and or the public upon request. We understand that we cover matters that require additional explanation as how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at�915-850-0900. The provider(s) Licensed in Texas*& New Mexico*�
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T.
References:
Glassman, Keri. �The Difference Between Good and Bad Calories.� Women’s Health, Women’s Health Media, 11 June 2019, www.womenshealthmag.com/food/a19930112/the-difference-between-good-and-bad-calories/.
Denner, Julia. �Good Calories Vs. Bad Calories >> The Difference Matters.� Adidas Runtastic Blog, Adidas Runtastic Blog Media, 9 Sept. 2019, www.runtastic.com/blog/en/good-calories-vs-bad-calories/.
Taubes, Gary. �Good Calories Bad Calories: Fats, Carbs, and the Controversial Science of Diet and Health.� CrossFit, CrossFit Media, 31 Jan. 2020, www.crossfit.com/health/good-calories-bad-calories.
A bone graft is defined as using bone-in spine fusion surgery. Spinal fusion’s purpose is to link or weld bones together, in this case, the spinal bones. There are a variety of spinal conditions cause instability and pain:
Degenerative disc disease
Scoliosis
Trauma from an auto accident, sports injury, slip, and fall accident
Spine surgeons use a bone graft to:
Stop motion between two or more vertebrae
Stabilize a spinal deformity
Repair fractures of the spine
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Contents
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Spinal Fusion Stimulates New Bone Growth
A bone graft does not heal or fuse the spine instantly. Rather a bone graft sets up a foundational frame for the individual’s body to generate and grow new bone. A bone graft stimulates new bone production. It is when this new bone begins to grow and solidify, that fusion takes place.
With these types of surgeries, instrumentation like screws, and rods are typically used for the beginning stabilization. But it is the actual healing of the bone that welds the vertebrae together creating long-term stability.
A bone graft can be used for structural purposes for supporting the spine, usually this is done in place of a disc or bone that was removed. Or it can be an onlay, this means that a mass of bone fragments will grow together to stabilize the spine bridging the joint.
There are two generalized bone graft types:
Real bone
Substituted bone graft
Real bone can come from the patient, which is called an auto-graft or from a donor’s bone, called an allograft.
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The Individual’s Bone or Auto-graft
An auto-graft is bone taken or harvested from the individual’s body and transplanted to a specific area, in this case, the spine. An auto-graft is considered the gold standard because it is the individual’s own bone, which contains:
These all help to stimulate the healing of the fusion. There are advantages for an auto-graft, which include a higher probability for fusion success and a lower risk for disease transmission. The only real setback for individuals of an auto-graft is the post-operative pain that usually comes with the procedure when harvesting an individuals’ bone. Bone can be harvested from one of the individual’s:
Iliac crests
Pelvic bones
Ribs
Spine
� Bone graft harvesting creates a new set of risks. These include:
Because of these risks and the possibility that the bone could be poor quality, a surgeon could decide to use another type of bone graft. When this happens a surgeon could go with what is known as a local auto-graft. This is bone harvested from the decompression itself.
These are the parts that are removed to decompress the nerves. They usually consist of bone spurs, lamina, and portions of the spinous process. These same bone pieces can be reused to assist with the fusion of the decompressed areas.
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Donor Bone or Allograft
An allograft is a bone harvested from another person, usually from a tissue bank. Tissue banks harvest bone and other tissues from cadavers for medical purposes. An allograft is prepared by freezing or freeze-drying the bone or tissues. This helps limit the risk of graft rejection. Bone from an allograft does not have living bone cells and is not as effective at fusion stimulation when compared to an autograft. However, it still does work. Tissue banks:
Screen all their donors
Supervise bone recovery
Test donations
Sterilize donations
Store for use
Look for tissue banks that are accredited by the American Association of Tissue Banks. US Food and Drug Administration has strict regulations when it comes to human cell and tissue processing. These include rules about the eligibility of donors. These guidelines/protocols help reduce the risk of tissue contamination and the spread of disease.
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Bone Graft Substitute
These substitutes are man-made or are made from a manipulated version of a natural product. These alternatives are safe and can provide a solid foundation for the individual’s body to grow bone. Substitutes have similar properties of human bone, which include a porous structure and proteins that stimulate healing.
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Demineralized Bone Matrix – DBM
A demineralized bone matrix is an allograft that has gone through a process where the mineral content has been removed. This demineralization helps reveal bone-forming proteins like collagen, and growth factors hidden within the bone that can stimulate healing.
This procedure is often considered a bone graft extender. It is not considered a replacement. This is because its ability to fuse the human spine on its own has not been proven. DBM can be combined with the regular bone for more volume and is available in these forms:
Chip
Granule
Gel
Powder
Putty
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Ceramic-based Extenders
Ceramic-based extenders are mixed in combination with other sources of bone. This is because they consist of calcium matrix for fusion, but there are no cells or proteins to stimulate the healing process. These include:
Ceramic-based extenders do not present a risk for disease transfer but can cause inflammation. They are available in porous and mesh forms.
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Morphogenetic Protein – BMP
Different types of bone morphogenetic proteins or BMP’s are used to stimulate new bone growth. These proteins are found in human bone, however, they are trace amounts. They are then produced in larger amounts through genetic engineering.
This all depends on the type of spine surgery an individual undergoes. Bone morphogenetic protein could be considered an option in promoting new bone growth along with healing fusion.
Nutrition is considered to be one of the most well-understood environmental factors associated with changes in the epigenome. Nutrients in the foods we eat are processed by our metabolism and turned into energy. One metabolic pathway, however, is responsible for producing methyl groups or fundamental epigenetic marks that regulate our gene expression. Essential nutrients, such as B vitamins, SAM-e (S-Adenosyl methionine), and folic acid are important components in this methylation process. Diets with high amounts of these essential nutrients can quickly change gene expression, especially during early development. In the following article, we will discuss the connection between nutrition and the epigenome.
Contents
Nutrigenomics and Health
Healthcare professionals discuss that when it comes to dealing with health issues like inflammation and chronic pain, understanding how nutrigenomics affects our overall health is important. Nutritional genomics, or nutrigenomics, is a science that studies the relationship between nutrition, health, and the genome. Researchers in the nutrigenomics field believe that changes in epigenetic marks may be associated with a variety of health issues, including inflammation or the development of diseases like obesity, heart problems, and cancer. Studies have demonstrated that we may be able to control the effects of the nutrients we eat in order to change gene expression associated with various health issues.
Approximately more than 1 out of 3 adults in the United States have been diagnosed with obesity which ultimately increases the risk of a variety of health issues, including prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, among other diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that changes in epigenetic marks during early development may even predispose individuals to obesity. Moreover, changes in epigenetic marks were also demonstrated to affect metabolic pathways that may increase the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Healthcare professionals in the nutrigenomics field have created new ways to be able to better find balance through a wholesome understanding of nutrition and the epigenome.
“An epigenetic test can provide data that is useful for healthcare professionals. It may also offer information about how certain metabolic pathways are affected by essential nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals”.
What is the Epigenetics Diet?
The term “epigenetics diet” was first coined by Dr. Trygve Tollefsbol in 2011. It is medically defined as a group of compounds, such as resveratrol in red grapes, genistein in soybeans, isothiocyanates in broccoli, and many other well-known types of foods, which have been demonstrated to help change epigenomic marks and gene expression. According to researchers, the epigenetics diet can prevent the progression of tumors by regulating enzymes that control these epigenomic marks and gene expression, including DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, and certain non-coding RNAs. Several types of foods included in the epigenetics diet are demonstrated in the following infographic:
Researchers used recently advanced technologies that demonstrated how several bioactive compounds may aggravate damage to the epigenome caused by environmental pollutions. By way of instance, dietary supplementation with methyl donors, such as vitamin B12, choline, and folate, among others, as well as the isoflavone genistein, can regulate changes to epigenome marks and gene expression caused by bisphenol A, a hormone-disrupting chemical. B vitamins may also prevent the loss of DNA methylation caused by air pollution. According to these same studies, dietary supplementation with folic acid has also been demonstrated to help prevent the negative side-effects caused by heavy metals.
We believe that foods in the epigenetics diet could be used to counteract changes to gene expression and epigenomic marks caused by environmental pollution. Environmental pollutants in several types of foods, such as pesticides in fruits like strawberries and leafy greens like spinach, bisphenol A in the plastic containers of foods and drinks, dioxins in fatty foods, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced when meat is grilled or smoked at high temperatures, and mercury in several types of seafood like king mackerel and swordfish, have been associated with changes to epigenomic marks and gene expression. Those exposures, especially during early development, may cause various health issues.
For more information regarding the connection between nutrition and the epigenome, please review this article:Nutrition and the Epigenome
Nutrition is one of the most understood environmental factors associated with changes in epigenomic marks and gene expression. Essential nutrients found in the different types of foods we eat are metabolized and turned into molecules in order to be used for energy by the human body. One metabolic pathway is responsible for creating methyl groups, important epigenetic marks that regulate our gene expression and epigenomic marks. Essential nutrients, including B vitamins, SAM-e (S-Adenosyl methionine), and folic acid are fundamental components in DNA methylation. Diets that are rich in these essential nutrients can quickly change epigenetic marks and gene expression, especially during early development. Furthermore, adding a variety of good foods to a smoothie can be a fast and easy way to add essential nutrients to your diet. Below is a fast and easy smoothie recipe to help feed your genes. – Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insights
Ginger Greens Juice
Servings: 1Cook time: 5-10 minutes
� 1 cup pineapple cubes
� 1 apples, sliced
� 1-inch knob of ginger, rinsed, peeled and chopped
� 3 cups kale, rinsed and roughly chopped or ripped
� 5 cups Swiss chard, rinsed and roughly chopped or ripped
Juice all ingredients in a high-quality juicer. Best served immediately.
Add Nasturtium to Your Smoothies
Adding nasturtium flowers and leaves to any smoothie can add extra nutrients. These lovely plants are easy to grow and the entire plant is edible. Nasturtium leaves are high in vitamin C, which is essential for a healthy immune system, and they also contain calcium, potassium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, and iron. According to healthcare professionals, the extract from the flowers and leaves have antimicrobial, antifungal, hypotensive, expectorant, and anticancer effects. Antioxidants in garden nasturtium occur due to its high content of compounds such as anthocyanins, polyphenols, and vitamin C. Due to its rich phytochemical content and unique elemental composition, the garden nasturtium may be used in the treatment of a variety of health issues, including respiratory and digestive problems. Not to mention, the flowers and leaves look absolutely lovely in smoothies.
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, and nervous health issues or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We use functional health protocols to treat injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We also make copies of supporting research studies available to the board and or the public upon request. To further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask�Dr. Alex Jimenez�or contact us at�915-850-0900.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T.
References:
Kirkpatrick, Bailey. �Epigenetics, Nutrition, and Our Health: How What We Eat Could Affect Tags on Our DNA.� What Is Epigenetics?, What Is Epigenetics? Media, 11 May 2018, www.whatisepigenetics.com/epigenetics-nutrition-health-eat-affect-tags-dna/.
Li, Shizhao, et al. �The Epigenetics Diet: A Barrier against Environmental Pollution.� On Biology, BMC Media, 23 May 2019, blogs.biomedcentral.com/on-biology/2019/05/20/the-epigenetics-diet-a-barrier-against-environmental-pollution/.
Insulin is an essential hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. It is naturally produced in the pancreas and helps move excess glucose from the bloodstream into the cells to be used for energy. When the pancreas recognizes high blood sugar levels, it creates more insulin to reduce glucose. However, this can diminish the pancreas of insulin-producing cells which can eventually cause insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity. If the pancreas can’t produce enough insulin, it can lead to prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. In the following article, we will discuss natural ways to improve insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity to prevent and regulate prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, among other health issues.
Contents
Foods to Avoid with Insulin Resistance
If you have insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity associated with prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, or any other health issue, there are several types of foods that can increase blood sugar levels. Frequently eating foods with high glucose content can diminish the insulin-producing cells that can ultimately affect the human body’s ability to produce enough insulin. When this occurs, high blood sugar levels remain elevated which can ultimately cause prediabetes and type 2 diabetes as well as lead to a variety of other health issues, including damage to organs such as the eyes and kidneys or limbs (neuropathy). Avoid eating the following types of foods if you have insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity:
fried foods
processed snacks and foods
dairy products from cows, such as milk
foods high in saturated fats, such as butter, and salt pork
refined grains, such as white rice, pasta, bread, and flour-based foods
sugary sweets and pastries, such as ice cream, chocolate bars, and cupcakes
starchy vegetables, such as corn, potatoes and yams (without skin), and pumpkin
sweetened drinks or beverages, such as fruit juices, fountain drinks, and sodas
alcohol, such as beer and grain alcohol, in large quantities
Foods to Eat with Insulin Resistance
Many people are commonly deficient in essential nutrients, such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, and fiber. These nutrients are necessary for regulating blood sugar levels. People with insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity, or any other health issue, including prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, should eat foods that have plenty of these essential nutrients. According to the American Diabetes Association, people with insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity can eat from any of the basic food groups, however, it’s fundamental for individuals to understand which types of foods can increase blood glucose levels. Eat from the following types of foods if you have insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity:
antioxidant-rich foods, such as berries
citrus fruits, such as oranges, lemons, and limes
non-starchy vegetables, such as dark leafy greens, peppers, and broccoli
protein-rich foods, such as legumes, nuts, soy, fish, and lean meats
high-fiber foods, including beans, and lentils
omega-3 fatty acid-rich foods, such as sardines, herring, and salmon
certain types of whole grains, such as oats, quinoa, and barley
water, especially as a substitute for sweetened drinks and
unsweetened teas
Exercise to Improve Insulin Resistance
Eating good foods and avoiding bad foods can help improve insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity, however, there’s another natural way to improve this health issue: exercise. Participating and engaging in regular exercise helps improve insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, among other health issues, by moving sugar from the bloodstream into the muscles to be used for energy. The American Heart Association recommends approximately 150 minutes of exercise every week for adults. Participating or engaging in exercise on a daily basis can improve high blood sugar levels as well as promote overall health and wellness.
For more information regarding how to naturally improve insulin resistance, please review this article:
Insulin is an essential hormone that is naturally produced in the pancreas to help regulate blood sugar levels and move excess sugar from the bloodstream into the cells to be used for energy. When the pancreas senses high blood sugar levels in the blood, it creates more insulin to help reduce glucose. However, this can decrease the amount of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas which can cause insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity. If the pancreas can’t produce enough insulin, it can ultimately lead to prediabetes or type 2 diabetes, among other health issues. There are several natural ways to improve insulin resistance or impaired insulin sensitivity to prevent and regulate prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, including eating good foods, avoiding bad foods, and exercising. Furthermore, adding a variety of good foods to a smoothie can be a fast and easy way to add nutrients to your diet. – Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insights
Sweet and Spicy Juice
Servings: 1 Cook time: 5-10 minutes
1 cup honeydew melons
3 cups spinach, rinsed
3 cups Swiss chard, rinsed
1 bunch cilantro (leaves and stems), rinsed
1-inch knob of ginger, rinsed, peeled, and chopped
2-3 knobs whole turmeric root (optional), rinsed, peeled, and chopped
Juice all ingredients in a high-quality juicer. Best served immediately.
Eat Mushrooms
One simple thing we can do to improve the microbiome!
Mushrooms feed bacteria in the gut. They are rich in chitin, hemicellulose, ? and ?-glucans, mannans, xylans, and galactans. They are also amazing prebiotics that promotes the growth of gut microbiota, equalling health benefits.
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, and nervous health issues or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We use functional health protocols to treat injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We also make copies of supporting research studies available to the board and or the public upon request. To further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask�Dr. Alex Jimenez�or contact us at�915-850-0900.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T.
References:
Raman, Ryan. �14 Natural Ways to Improve Your Insulin Sensitivity.� Healthline, Healthline Media, 17 May 2017, www.healthline.com/nutrition/improve-insulin-sensitivity.
Felman, Adam. �Diet and Insulin Resistance: Foods to Eat and Diet Tips.� Medical News Today, MediLexicon International, 27 Mar. 2019, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/316569#foods-to-eat.
Being able to hike with back pain is a blessing for individuals that love being outdoors. Enjoying nature and being able to get away from all the stress and tension is something we all can use. Hiking is an excellent physical activity that cleanses the mind, body, and spirit. Not to mention the great exercise benefits that come with it.
The time spent going up and down hills following trails, etc. can feel unbelievable until pain symptoms start to present. Those with back pain know and understand that there are certain activities that can kick in the pain. If hiking has been stopped in its tracks because of back pain, or, if just about to start hiking for the first time, here is some advice to reduce and alleviate back pain during and after a hiking session. �
Contents
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Hike The Right Way
Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C. is a spine injury specialist at Injury Medical Chiropractic Clinic. He believes at its core, hiking is very beneficial to individuals with back pain.
Hiking is a great activity for those with back pain because it increases muscular circulation improving soft tissue flexibility in the spine along with other muscle groups. Hiking helps strengthen spinal support muscles, improves flexibility and posture. The result is minimized pain on all levels. Walking on different uneven terrain/s contributes to improved balance and synergistic muscle activity of the back, legs, and core, and the small muscles of the feet. However, there is an incorrect way to hike with back pain.
If done incorrectly hiking can have a negative detrimental impact on the body. Proper technique and form need to be followed. For example, a backpack that is improperly worn or not correctly sized for the body type could lead to imbalance. This could lead to improper form and injuries. Poor posture during a hike places added pressure on the:
Joints
Spine
Ligaments
Tendons
This could easily result in muscle/tendon injuries. With some preparation, a few tips and being aware of your surroundings will help you to become a hiking pro in no time, with reduced, improved, and possibly no back pain after a while of doing this great activity. Here are some words of wisdom when it comes to hiking and back pain.
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Proper Backpack
A poor-fitting backpack will easily lead to increased back pain and even other ailments like shoulder and neck pain issues. A proper backpack should have the straps around the waist and across the back to evenly distribute the weight. Visit a sports/outdoor store to get correctly fitted for a backpack.
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Stretching Out
Getting and staying loose before and after a hike is very important. Before a hike improves circulation and loosens the muscles, in turn, reducing the stress on the joints. Stretching after a hike reduces muscle fatigue and soreness that can amplify and exacerbate back pain along with any other body soreness.
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Trekking Poles
Using trekking poles can be beneficial and quite helpful for individuals with back pain. Trekking poles can help avoid poor posture by keeping the body in an upright position. This helps reduce back pain experienced during and after a hike. �
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Body Care
Hiking successfully means that the body needs to be fully functional and fueled before even stepping on the trail. Fueling the body with nutritious snacks like bananas, dried fruit, and trail mix will keep the body’s energy supply going. And above all stay hydrated with plenty of water. Also, focus the workout on developing upper body and core strength to prevent injury.
Don’t forget to listen to what your body is telling you. Individuals with back pain need to listen to their bodies making sure not to overdo it, as well as, with any type of exercise, to adjust to your specific pain tolerance level. If unable to limit distance or time, then make sure to take frequent breaks. This will help avoid placing unnecessary strain on the spine. �
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Recovery Time
The body needs a proper amount of time between hikes to recover properly. If there is still soreness and pain, WAIT until the body is no longer sorebefore trekking to the next trail. The amount a person can hike depends on the individual, overall strength, and how fast their body recovers between hikes. It is different for everyone.
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Assistance
As the journey commences, whether going for pain-free or less painful hiking, remember that it’s ok to have others help get you there. Getting help from a veteran hiker will definitely benefit proper form and posture. Hiking with an experienced partner can also help avoid poor hiking techniques that can worsen back pain or even create new injuries. �
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Consult a local chiropractor, or spine, and pain specialist if you are unsure about hiking and are experiencing ongoing back pain. They will help develop a customized/personalized treatment plan with the focus on decreasing and controlling the pain and improving the body’s overall function to be able to participate in physical recreational activities.
Researchers are trying to understand how nutrigenomics can affect a person’s health. Studies have shown that epigenetics increases the risk of several health issues. Other studies have also shown that nutrition can change the risk of disease. For many years, researchers have studied the way that traits in plants and animals are passed down between generations. However, this process is still not well understood. A recent study evaluated how epigenetic marks are passed down between generations of pregnant rats given personalized nutrition. The findings showed both genetic and characteristics changes in the rats’ offspring. This suggests that maternal traits and diet may send different signals to the fetus.
Another study showed methylation changes in mice given more methyl donor intakes over six generations. These findings demonstrated that genetic and characteristic changes passed down between generations may be how environmental factors affect genes in plants and animals to allow adaptation to different environments.�The purpose of the following article is to discuss how nutrigenomics and traits between generations can ultimately affect a person’s overall well-being.
Contents
Epigenetics, Nutrition, and Exercise
Researchers have determined that the role of epigenetics in health issues like cancer is caused by methylation changes in several different types of genes and it is commonly associated with aging. However, the increased risk of cancer may be due to factors in the person’s immediate course of life where changes in epigenetics may happen years before the development of health issues like cancer. One study found that methylation of the breast-cancer-related gene is associated with the increased risk of early-onset breast cancer. Other studies have shown that resveratrol prevents methylation changes while folic acid affected gene expression associated with changes in methylation and other functions.
Eicosapentaenoic acid also caused methylation changes in the tumor suppressor gene associated with leukemia cells. This study demonstrated the effect of a polyunsaturated fatty acid on epigenetics. Another study found that methylation increased in women diagnosed with human papillomavirus that didn’t have cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The changes in methylation were associated with higher concentrations of folate and cobalamin in the blood stream. Another study also found that methylation changes in the tumor suppressor gene L3MBTL1 were ultimately associated with overall health. Further studies are necessary to determine how nutrition can affect epigenetics and traits between generations.
Two studies evaluated the effects of exercise on methylation. One of the studies showed methylation changes in people who participated in physical activities for about 30 minutes every day compared with people who engaged in physical activities for less than 10 minutes every day. In the other study, volunteers who participated in exercise demonstrated changes in methylation and gene expression. These findings suggest that methylation is affected by physical activity.
Nutrigenomics and Risk of Health Issues
Numerous studies have evaluated the role of epigenetics in people with diabetes. According to researchers, changes in methylation of several genes have been shown to be associated with insulin resistance in patients with diabetes. A single change in gene expression caused significant methylation changes in people with diabetes compared to healthy controls. However, other studies found changes in traits between generations and obesity. Furthermore, methylation changes did happen in people with normal glucose metabolism which then developed impaired glucose homeostasis. Various genes have been shown to be different in people with diabetes compared to healthy controls, according to the studies.
According to numerous other studies, twins were found to have increased methylation associated with increased insulin resistance. These findings suggest that epigenetic marks associated with diabetes may occur before symptoms and determine the risk of disease. In conclusion, increasing evidence has demonstrated that nutrition can ultimately cause changes to a person’s epigenetics and how these are associated with the increased risk of developing health issues.
Healthcare professionals and researchers have demonstrated that we can change our epigenetics and gene expression as well as improve the risk of developing a variety of health issues, including inflammation and cancer, which can ultimately cause chronic pain, by controlling the food we eat and focusing on our nutrigenomics. Starting in the kitchen and then taking it directly to the genes, if we follow balanced nutrition, we will see a significant change in our overall health and well-being. At our clinic, we have the ability to assess your specific genetic factors and what dietary guidelines are best for you. One test we use for this is from DNA life, called DNA Diet. A sample of this report is shown below:�
Studies show that nutrition can affect methylation and gene expression. These studies have also found that balanced nutrition can improve how good food affects our overall health and well-being. The following article discussed how our epigenetics can affect traits passed down between generations, including methylation and the risk of disease. Although a good diet is essential it may be difficult for some people to follow. Drinking juices or smoothies can be easy ways to include the balanced nutrition we need to promote our health and well-being. Below, I’ve provided a smoothie recipe so you can address your nutrigenomics from the kitchen to your genes. – Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T. Insights
Berry Bliss Smoothie
Servings: 1Cook time: 5-10 minutes
1/2 cup blueberries (fresh or frozen, preferably wild)
1 medium carrot, roughly chopped
1 tablespoon ground flaxseed or chia seed
1 tablespoons almonds
Water (to desired consistency)
Ice cubes (optional, may omit if using frozen blueberries)Blend all ingredients in a high-speed blender until smooth and creamy. Best served immediately.
The scope of our information is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, and nervous health issues or functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We use functional health protocols to treat injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We also make copies of supporting research studies available to the board and or the public upon request. To further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask�Dr. Alex Jimenez�or contact us at�915-850-0900.
Curated by Dr. Alex Jimenez D.C., C.C.S.T.
References:
KA;, Burdge GC;Hoile SP;Lillycrop. �Epigenetics: Are There Implications for Personalised Nutrition?� Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 15 Sept. 2012, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22878237/.
Our New Telemedicine app empowers our patients and doctors remotely with our health clinics: The app includes weight loss, bariatric surgery, pain management, functional medicine coaching, physical medicine & chiropractic care Modules. Our custom-branded mobile app provides an easy to use yet elaborate Coaching Telemedicine dashboard. We connect with your mobile devices and your clinical team in one integrated platform seamlessly improving your patient care and clinic outcomes.
Track and manage every aspect of patient lifestyle change at all times
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Amplify interaction with your patients by staying connected between clinic visits.
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THE MOBILE APP IMPROVES PATIENT-COACH ENGAGEMENT.
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Getting back to the house and eating a regular meal post a spinal operation is one of those moments when more is better. This means more:
Calories
Protein
Healthy foods to help the body recover quicker
The time after neck or back surgery is not only a time for the spine to heal, but for the entire body to go through a recovery process. It is a generally slow progression, but once you are able to eat normally, a high-quality diet/meal plan will help ensure a smooth and speedy recovery. �
The first few days after arriving home there could be nausea, which is common coming out of anesthesia and beginning pain medication. Appetite could be diminished, which is just fine because the gastrointestinal tract needs time to get back functioning properly after spine surgery.
A positive sign that the digestive system is beginning to work properly is the ability to pass gas. Recovery in a hospital, the surgical team slowly transitions from a clear liquid diet to a soft diet and finally to solid food.
Once out of the hospital, the body should be ready to eat normally. Your surgical team will discuss and provide the individual with a specific meal plan, but a general approach to a post-spine surgery diet typically follow these parameters:
Contents
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More Calories
Post spine surgery, the body’s metabolism increases in order to heal. So the body needs extra calories, around twice as much for proper recovery. It is very important that these extra calories are from healthy foods like:
Grains
Legumes
Fruits
Vegetables
� These will provide the body with extra vitamin C and other nutrients that the body needs for healing a wound and the recovery process that goes with it.
�
High-Protein
Protein is the key nutrient required for post-surgery healing and recovery. Extra calories should come from:
� Low-fat dairy is a good source of protein that provides calcium and vitamin D for bone restoration. High-protein foods are often high in zinc, which is essential in fighting infections.
Eat More Small Meals
Rather than eating three regular-sized meals, try to eat four to six small, well-balanced meals. These should be spaced throughout the day into the evening. These will be easier on the digestive system, especially when increasing the calorie intake.
Supplement Shakes or Smoothies
Smoothies and shakes are a great way to boost calories and protein post-op. Make them with milk, soymilk, yogurt, or other high-protein food or beverage as the base. There are also prepared shakes or smoothies at the supermarket or drug store that are specifically prepared to boost calories and protein. �
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Vitamins and Minerals
The surgeon will more than likely recommend vitamin and mineral supplements, along with other dietary supplements to promote healing. Be sure to get a doctor�s approval before taking any other supplements during recovery. �
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Water and Fiber
Pain medication can cause constipation. The most important thing to do is to drink plenty of water throughout the day. This is vital to the healing process. Eat plenty of high-fiber foods like whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. There is also a natural laxative effect from drinking prune juice or eating prunes, which are dried plums. �
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If there is any trouble following the post-op diet plan or any questions about food or supplements, contact the surgeon, dietitian, or a health coach/nutritionist. At a follow-up appointment, ask how long the special diet will have to last so you can plan accordingly.
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Can you tell which are the good calories and which are the bad calories? It�s important to follow the principle of �clean eating� and choose unprocessed foods in the purest forms instead of processed foods. This includes foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, or eggs. You can eat these foods without worrying too much about your daily caloric intake limit. Eating a variety of these is essential in order to provide your body with the nutrients it needs to function properly.
Bad calories include processed foods which follow exactly the opposite principle of “clean eating”. Foods with high amounts of sugar and fast food offers you almost no nutrients but a lot of what we call “empty calories”. If you�re trying to lose weight to manage insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes, you�ll have to pay attention to your �bad� calorie intake.
For more information regarding the effects of good calories vs bad calories on obesity, please review this article:
Researchers used recently advanced technologies that demonstrated how several bioactive compounds may aggravate damage to the epigenome caused by environmental pollutions. By way of instance, dietary supplementation with methyl donors, such as vitamin B12, choline, and folate, among others, as well as the isoflavone genistein, can regulate changes to epigenome marks and gene expression caused by bisphenol A, a hormone-disrupting chemical. B vitamins may also prevent the loss of DNA methylation caused by air pollution. According to these same studies, dietary supplementation with folic acid has also been demonstrated to help prevent the negative side-effects caused by heavy metals.
We believe that foods in the epigenetics diet could be used to counteract changes to gene expression and epigenomic marks caused by environmental pollution. Environmental pollutants in several types of foods, such as pesticides in fruits like strawberries and leafy greens like spinach, bisphenol A in the plastic containers of foods and drinks, dioxins in fatty foods, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced when meat is grilled or smoked at high temperatures, and mercury in several types of seafood like king mackerel and swordfish, have been associated with changes to epigenomic marks and gene expression. Those exposures, especially during early development, may cause various health issues.
For more information regarding the connection between nutrition and the epigenome, please review this article:
