Medical experts advise that maintaining body hydration is one of the most important things to do in extreme heat. Individuals out in the heat lose electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and chloride and need added electrolytes to prevent cramping and excessive sweating that can strain the body. Dehydration can be dangerous, leading to heat exhaustion and possible heat stroke. If gulping water all day seems like a lot, remember that not all hydration must come from drinking water; there are hydrating foods that contain enough water that can be incorporated.
Sweating is vital for maintaining body temperature, and electrolytes are essential in maintaining the body’s homeostasis. Electrolytes help coordinate muscle contractions, heart function, and the conductivity of electric signals transmitting to and from the nervous system. The kidneys regulate fluid absorption and excretion to maintain electrolyte balance, but an imbalance can occur when electrolyte levels spike or drop. An electrolyte imbalance is caused by a change in the number of electrolytes in the body. Sodium, potassium, and calcium are the common elements most likely to be affected by an electrolyte imbalance. Other reasons why electrolyte levels can change include:
Unhealthy diet
Medications
Kidney problems
It is recommended that instead of focusing on how many glasses of water have been drunk, concentrate on two biomarkers:
When the body is thoroughly hydrated, an individual should go to the bathroom every two to three hours, and the urine should be a pale yellow. If it looks orange, it indicates that the body is trying to conserve water and needs further hydration.
Hydrating Foods
Consulting a doctor or nutritionist is recommended to help determine what foods are safe for the individual if there are underlying conditions or other health concerns. Here are a few hydrating foods that contain at least 80 percent water that can be eaten throughout the hot day to maintain body hydration.
Apples
Best known for their fiber content (up to 5 grams), they are also more than 80 percent water.
A quick crunchy snack with potassium, vitamin B6, C, and magnesium.
Watermelon
These can be up to 92 percent water.
Contain vitamin A, B6, and C, plus lycopene and antioxidants.
Watermelon can be cubed by itself or with feta cheese, olive oil, salt, pepper, and basil for a sweet-savory salad.
Peaches
These can contain up to 88 percent water, fiber, protein, and vitamin C.
Peaches can be added to salsas or incorporated into a salad.
Carrots
Carrots are around 90 percent water.
Rich in beta carotene, which the body uses to make vitamin A.
Vitamin A helps the eyes convert light into a signal sent to the brain, allowing for better sight in dim to dark light.
Vitamin K
Potassium
Fiber
Cucumbers
Cucumbers have more than 96 percent water.
They also contain potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and some calcium.
They contain nutrients known as cucurbitacins, which can have an anti-diabetic effect.
Fisetin is an anti-inflammatory substance that helps brain health.
Potatoes
The waxy variety contains more water, as much as 80 percent.
They contain potassium, vitamin C, fiber, and minerals.
Have them baked or roasted with skins to keep as much potassium as possible.
Tomatoes
Tomatoes are almost 95 percent water.
They contain cancer-fighting carotenoid lycopene, vitamin A and C, and potassium.
Sliced onto sandwiches, sauteed into pasta, or blended into a gazpacho.
Cantaloupe
90 percent water.
Contains beta-carotene, fiber, and vitamin C.
It can be eaten by itself, chopped into salads or smoothies.
Plain yogurt
One cup of plain yogurt is around 88 percent water.
It contains protein, gut probiotics, calcium, zinc, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus.
Top with some berries for extra hydration.
These are a few hydrating foods that can help with the intense heat. Others include zucchini, iceberg lettuce, strawberries, blueberries, celery, broccoli, and cauliflower. Healthy H2O levels benefits include:
Decreased appetite.
Improved physical performance during exercise.
Increased energy levels.
Optimal brain function.
What Are The Most Hydrating Foods?
References
Bergeron, Michael F. “Hydration and thermal strain during tennis in the heat.” British journal of sports medicine vol. 48 Suppl 1, Suppl 1 (2014): i12-7. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093256
Gauer, Robert, and Bryce K Meyers. “Heat-Related Illnesses.” American family physician vol. 99,8 (2019): 482-489.
Karppanen, H et al. “Why and how to implement sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium changes in food items and diets?.” Journal of human hypertension vol. 19 Suppl 3 (2005): S10-9. doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001955
Schiefermeier-Mach, Natalia, et al. “Electrolyte Intake and Major Food Sources of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium among a Population in Western Austria.” Nutrients vol. 12,7 1956. 30 Jun. 2020, doi:10.3390/nu12071956
Strimbu, Kyle, and Jorge A Tavel. “What are biomarkers?.” Current opinion in HIV and AIDS vol. 5,6 (2010): 463-6. doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32833ed177
Unfortunately, there is a lot of misinformation out there concerning hydration.
How much do you need to drink?
What should you drink?
When should you drink?
It can be a bit much.
But staying hydrated is not that hard to do. A little knowledge and some helpful tips are all you need to ensure that your body always has the fluids it needs to stay healthy and fully functional.
What to Know About Hydration
The Importance
Your body is composed of around 60% water. Adequate hydration is necessary for your body to function properly. Water makes it possible for your body to maintain its temperature, to process waste products and for your joints to remain lubricated. When you do not consume enough water, your body becomes dehydrated, which can cause a host of different health problems if left unaddressed.
How much water do we need?
When asked how much water a person should drink, most people instinctively respond, �Eight glasses a day.� But the truth is that each person is different, and how much water you need may vary from how much someone else needs. You also re-hydrate from drinking other fluids besides water, something that you can take into account when calculating your fluid intake.
According to the Mayo Clinic, the average man needs 15.5 cups of fluid per day, while the average woman needs 11.5 cups of fluid a day. Note the term �fluid�. Water is ideal for hydration, but other fluids also contribute to your overall level of hydration. Of course, those other fluids may also contain sugars, sweeteners, caffeine and other extras that you should limit for better overall health. Limiting your fluid intake to mostly pure water is the best way to avoid potentially harmful extras.
Symptoms of dehydration
Dehydration can be dangerous, especially if left unaddressed. Mild dehydration can cause symptoms such as headaches, fatigue and a lessening of sweat and urine output. As dehydration gets worse, so do the symptoms. It can cause kidney failure, brain swelling, and seizures.
When you notice early signs of dehydration, there is a simple solution � drink some water or other fluids. As long as you are not too dehydrated, fluid intake should be enough to reverse your symptoms.
If you’re thirsty drink water
Feeling thirsty is a sign your body gives you to consume more fluids, and you should listen to your body. You can avoid any risk of dehydration by regularly sipping water. But if you aren�t sipping water and you do get thirsty, don�t worry too much. An initial feeling of thirst does not mean you are seriously dehydrated. It just means your body is ready for more fluids and is a natural indicator telling you to consume more water.
Tips to Stay Hydrated
Staying hydrated is not difficult if you adopt a few healthy habits, including:
Use a reusable water bottle
A stainless steel or glass water bottle is perfect for carrying your own fresh water supply around with you. Plastic is also an option, but stainless steel and glass tend to impart less flavor to your water and will not leach any unwanted chemicals into it.
With your own water source, you can drink whenever you feel even a little thirsty � guaranteeing that you will never become dehydrated.
Go with healthier fluids
Purified water is your best hydration source. Although you can drink other fluids, your body will thank you if most of its hydration needs are met through consuming water. Remember staying hydrated and stay healthy!
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